Power Transmission and Distribution

Differential Protection 7UT6

Vector group, Io-Elimination, Io-Correction

7UT6: Comparison with static analogue Protection

~ L1

~ L2

~ L3

Diff.

Restraint current
Static analogue Interposing
Differential Ct’s
Protection

Numerical Differential Protection

7UT

PTD PA13 N.M Vectorgr 07/2003 No. 2

Matrix-calculation

b11
b21
b31
α11 α12 α13 c11 c11  a11  b11  a12  b21  a13  b31
α21 α22 α23 c21 c21  a21  b11  a22  b21  a23  b31
α31 α32 α33 c31 c31  a31  b11  a32  b21  a33  b31

 1 0 1   1 0  1
   
Vectorgrou p 5   1  1 0  Vectorgrou p 11  Vectorgrou p 5    1 1 0 
 0 1  1  0 1 1 
   

 1 1 0   1 1 0 
   
Vectorgrou p 7   0  1 1  Vectorgrou p 1  Vectorgrou p 7   0 1  1
 1 0  1  1 0 1 
   

Io  Elimination : I 0  1  (I L1  I L2  I L3 )
3
I A  I L1  I 0  1  (3I L1  I L1  I L2  I L3 )  1  (2I L1  I L2  I L3 )
3 3  2 - 1 - 1  I L1 
1   
I B  I L2  I 0  1  (3I L2  I L1  I L2  I L3 )  1  (I L1  2I L2  I L3 ) as Matrix :  - 1 2 - 1   I L2 
3 3 3   
 - 1 - 1 2   I L3 
I C  I L3  I 0  1  (3I L3  I L1  I L2  I L3 )  1  ( I L1  I L2  2I L3 )
3 3

PTD PA13 N.M Vectorgr 07/2003 No. 3

7UT6: Matrix and Vector diagram for Yd5 and symmetrical load
Vector group: Yd5 Ratio: 1/1
Side 2: w2=3N Side 1: w1=N
2L1 1L1
I2L1 I2*L1 I1L1
2L2 1L2
I2L2 I2*L2 I1L2
2L3 1L3
I2L3 I2*L3 I1L3

 I 2A    1 0 1   I 2 L1   I 1A   1 0 0   I1L1 
  1          
 I 2B     1 1 0    I 2L2   I1B   1  0 1 0    I1L 2 
I2  3      I1   0 0 1   I1 
 C  0 1  1  I 2 L 3  I2*L1 = -I1L1·w1/w2 + I1L2·w1/w2  C    L3 
= (I1L2/√3) - (I1L1/√3) I1A = I1L1
Definition:
I2L1 For through-
I1L1/√3 I2*L3
flowing currents:
I2Lx = -I2*Lx

I2*L2 5·30°
I2L2 -I1L2/√3

I1L3 I1L2
I2L3 -I1L1/√3
-I2L1 I2*L1

I2A = (1/√3)·(-I2L1+0·I2L2+I2L3)

-I2L1+I2L3 IdiffA = │I1A + I2A│ = 0

+I2L3
IrestA = │I1A│+│I2A│= 2IA
PTD PA13 N.M Vectorgr 07/2003 No. 4
 7UT6: External Fault L1-L2 , Principle

Vector group: Yd5 Ratio: 1/1

Side 2: w2=3N Side 1: w1=N
2L1
~ 1L1
I2L1 I1L1
2L2 IF
~ 1L2
I2L2 I1L2
2L3
~ 1L3
I2L3

 I 2A    1 0 1   I 2 L1   I 1A   1 0 0   I1L1 
  1          
 I 2B     1 1 0    I 2L2 
 I1B   1  0 1 0    I1L 2 
I2  3    
 C  0 1  1  I 2 L 3   I1   0 0 1   I1 
 C    L3 
I2L1 = -IFw1/w2 - IFw1/w2 =-2 IF/3 I1L1 = -IF
I2L2 = IF/3 I1L2 = IF
I2L3 = IF/3 I1L3 = 0
 2I F   2I F I 
   0 F 
 I 2A   1 0 1   3   3 3   IF   I 1A   1 0 0   I F    I F 
  1    IF        
 1  2I F I F   
 I1B   1   0 1 0    I F    I F 
 I 2B     1 1 0          0    I 
3   F
I2  3   3 3 3  I1   0 0 1  0   0 
 C  0 1  1  I F     0 
  C      
   0  I I 
F
 F

 3   3 3 

 Idiff   I 1A   I 2 A    I F   I F   0   Irest A   I 1A   I 2 A   2  I F 
 A            no Trip        
 Idiff B    I1B    I 2 B    I F     I F    0   Irest B    I1B    I 2 B    2  I F 
   I1   I 2   0   0   0  (correct)  Irest   I1   I 2   0 
 Idiff C   C  C        C  C  C  

PTD PA13 N.M Vectorgr 07/2003 No. 5

7UT6: YNd5, Ext. Fault L1-E , without Io-Elimination / Correction

Vector group: YNd5 Ratio: 1/1 Settings (example 7UT612):

Side 2: w2=3N Side 1: w1=N 0241: isolated ; 1211A: No

2L1
~ 1L1
I2L1 I1L1
2L2
~ 1L2
2L3
~ 1L3
I2L3
IF

 I 2A    1 0 1   I 2 L1   I 1A   1 0 0   I1L1 
  1    
 I 2B     1 1 0    I 2L2       
I2  3      I1B   1  0 1 0    I1L 2 
 C  0 1  1  I 2 L 3   I1   0 0 1   I1 
 C    L3 
I2L1 = -IFw1/w2 = -IF/3 I1L1 = -IF
I2L2 = 0 I1L2 = 0
I2L3 = -I2L1= IF/3 I1L3 = 0
 IF I 
 IF    0  F   2  I F 

 I 2A   1 0 1    3   3 3  3   I 1A   1 0 0   I F    I F 
  1     1  IF  I        
 I 2B     1 1 0    0     00    F 
 I1B   1  0 1 0    0    0 
3  3 3  3 
I2    IF     I  I1   0 0 1  0   0 
 C  0 1  1   I   C      
 3   0  0  F    F 
 3   3 

 Idiff   I 1A   I 2 A    I F   2 I F 3   I F 3 
 A            False Trip
 Idiff B    I1B    I 2 B    0     I F 3    I F 3 
   I1   I 2   0    I 3   I 3 
 Idiff C   C  C    F   F 

PTD PA13 N.M Vectorgr 07/2003 No. 6

7UT6: Internal Fault L1-E , without Io-Elimination / Correction

Vector group: YNd5 Ratio: 1/1 Settings (example 7UT612):

Side 2: w2=3N Side 1: w1=N 0241: isolated ; 1211A: No

2L1
~ 1L1
I2L1
2L2
~ 1L2
2L3
~ 1L3
I2L3
IF

 I 2A    1 0 1   I 2 L1   I 1A   1 0 0   I1L1 
  1          
 I 2B     1 1 0    I 2L2 
I2  3      I 1B   1  0 1 0    I1L 2 
 C  0 1  1  I 2 L 3   I1 
 C
 0 0 1   I1 
   L3 
I2L1 = -IFw1/w2 = -IF/3
I1L1 = 0
I2L2 = 0
I1L2 = 0
I2L3 = -I2L1= IF/3
I1L3 = 0
 2I F 
 
 I 2A   3 
   IF 
 I 2B     
I2   3 
 C IF
   2 I F   2 I F 
 3     
 Idiff   0   3   3 
 A   I
 Idiff B    0     F   IF 
     3   3   Correct
 Idiff C   0  I F   IF 
   
 3   3 

PTD PA13 N.M Vectorgr 07/2003 No. 7

7UT6: External Fault L1-E , with Io-Elimination

Vector group: YNd5 Ratio: 1/1 Settings (example 7UT612):

Side 2: w2=3N Side 1: w1=N 0241: solid earthed; 1211A: No
2L1
~ 1L1
I2L1 I1L1
2L2
~ 1L2
2L3
~ 1L3
I2L3
IF

 I 2A    1 0 1   I 2 L1 
  1      I 1A   2  1  1  I1L1 
 I 2B     1 1 0    I 2L2    1    
I2  3      I 1B      1 2  1   I1L 2 
 C  0 1  1  I 2 L 3   I1  3   1  1 2   I1 
 C    L3 
I2L1 = -IFw1/w2 = -IF/3 I1L1 = -IF
I2L2 = 0
I1L2 = 0
I2L3 = -I2L1= IF/3
I1L3 = 0
 2 I F   2 I F 
   
 I 2A   3  I 1A   2  1  1   I F   3 
   1      IF
   IF 
 I 2B    
  I1B      1 2  1   0    
I2   3
  I1  3   1  1 2   0   3 
 C IF   C     IF
   2 I F   2 I F   
     3 
 3   Idiff   3   3   0
 A
 Idiff B   
I F   IF    0
   3   3     no Trip (correct)
 Idiff C   I F   IF   0 
   
 3   3 

PTD PA13 N.M Vectorgr 07/2003 No. 8

7UT6: Internal Fault L1-E , with Io-Elimination

Vector group: YNd5 Ratio: 1/1 Settings (example 7UT612):

Side 2: w2=3N Side 1: w1=N 0241: solid earthed ; 1211A: No
2L1
~ 1L1
I2L1
2L2
~ 1L2
2L3
~ 1L3
I2L3
IF

 I 2A    1 0 1   I 2 L1   I 1A   2  1  1  I1L1 
  1       1    
 I 2B     1 1 0    I 2L2   I1B      1 2  1   I 1L 2 
I2  3      I1  3   1  1 2   I1 
 C  0 1  1  I 2 L 3   C    L3 
I2L1 = -IFw1/w2 = -IF/3 I1L1 = 0
I2L2 = 0 I1L2 = 0
I2L3 = -I2L1= IF/3 I1L3 = 0

 2I F 
   I 1A   0 
 I 2A   3     
   IF   I1B    0 
 I 2B       I1   0 
I2   3  C  
 C IF 
   2 I F   2 I F 
   
 3   Idiff   0   3   3 
 A   I
 Idiff B    0     F   IF  Trip,
     3   3 
 Idiff C   0  I F   IF  (2/3 sensitivity)
   
 3   3 

PTD PA13 N.M Vectorgr 07/2003 No. 9

7UT6: External Fault L1-E , with Io-Correction

Vector group: YNd5 Ratio: 1/1 Settings (example 7UT612):

Side 2: w2=3N Side 1: w1=N 0241: solid earthed ; 1211A: Yes
2L1
~ 1L1
I2L1 I1L1
2L2
~ 1L2
2L3
~ 1L3
I2L3
IF
ISp

 I 2A    1 0 1   I 2 L1   I 1A   1 0 0   I1L1  I 
  1           1  Sp 
 I 2B     1 1 0    I 2L2   I1B   1   0 1 0    I1L 2     I Sp 
I2  3      I1   0 0 1   I1  3  I 
 C  0 1  1  I 2 L 3   C    L3   Sp 
I2L1 = -IFw1/w2 = -IF/3 I1L1 = -IF ISp = IF
I2L2 = 0 I1L2 = 0
I2L3 = -I2L1= IF/3 I1L3 = 0
 2I F   2I F 
   
 I 2A   3  I 1A  1 0 0   I F  IF   3 
       1    IF
   IF 
 I 2B    
  I1B   1   0 1 0    0     I F    
I2   3
  I1  0 0 1  0  3  I   3 
 C IF   C      F IF
   
 3   3 
 2I F   2 I F 
   
 Idiff   3   3   0
 
   0
A
I   IF
 Idiff B    F
   3   
 no Trip (correct)
  3
 Idiff   I   IF   0 
 
C F
 
 3   3 
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7UT6: Internal Fault L1-E , with Io-Correction

Vector group: YNd5 Ratio: 1/1 Settings (example 7UT612):

Side 2: w2=3N Side 1: w1=N 0241: solid earthed ; 1211A: Yes
2L1
~ 1L1
I2L1
2L2
~ 1L2
2L3
~ 1L3
I2L3
IF
ISp

 I 2A    1 0 1   I 2 L1   I 1A   1 0 0   I1L1  I 
  1           1  Sp 
 I 2B     1 1 0    I 2L2   I1B   1   0 1 0    I1L 2     I Sp 
I2  3    
 C  0 1  1  I 2 L 3   I1   0 0 1   I1  3  I 
 C    L3   Sp 
I2L1 = -IFw1/w2 = -IF/3 I1L1 = 0 ISp = IF
I2L2 = 0 I1L2 = 0
I2L3 = -I2L1= IF/3 I1L3 = 0
 2I F   IF 
   
 I 2A   3  I 1A   0 IF   3 
     1    IF
   IF 
 I 2B    
  I1B   1   0     I F    
I2   3
  I1   0 3  I   3 
 C IF   C    F IF
   IF   2 I F   
 3       3 
 Idiff   3   3  IF 
 A
I
 Idiff B    F   IF   0 
   3   3     Trip,
Idiff  IF   IF   0 
 C
    (full sensitivity)
 3   3 

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