Course:

Power Electronics
Book:
Power Electronics
Devices, Circuits, and Applications
Third- Edition
Muhammad H. Rashid
Instructor:
Engr. Naveed Ashraf
 Chapter No.3
Lecture No.5 and 6
 Diode Rectifier
• Diodes are extensively used in rectifier circuits.
• A rectifier circuit convert ac signal to dc signal.
• It may also be considered as absolute value
converter.
• It means that positive and negative part of the input
would appear as positive at the output.
• The rectifier circuits can be classified as
1. Single Phase
2. Three Phase
• Both rectifier circuits can be half wave or full wave.
• Half wave rectifier circuits are not employed in
industrial application.
 Single Phase Diode Rectifier
• For the sake of simplicity in rectifier circuits, the
diodes are assumed to be ideal.
• It means that forward voltage and reverse recovery
time of an ideal diode can be ignored.
• The out is not in pure dc form and it contains ripples.

• A rectifier circuit is a power processor that give dc

output with minimum amount of harmonics.
 Single Phase Diode Rectifier

• At the same time, it should maintain the input current

as sinusoidal as possible to have low harmonic factor.
• The input current should be as in phase as possible to
have power factor near unity.
• The power processing quality of the input current,
output voltage and current requires the
determination of their harmonics contents.
• The Fourier series expansion is employed to
determine the harmonic contents.
• The performance evaluation of the rectifier circuits is
measured through their performance parameters.
 Single Phase Diode Rectifier
• So these converters are analyzed and their
performance is evaluated through the following
performance parameters.
1. Ripple voltage.
2. Form factor.
3. Ripple factor.
4. Harmonic factor.
5. Power factor.
6. Transformer utilization factor.
7. Conversion efficiency.
8. Crest Factor.
 Single-phase half-wave uncontrolled Rectifiers
• It is also called single pulse rectifier implemented
with single diode.
vs Vm

D ωt
Vin vo vo
ωt

• The maximum output dc and rms voltage.

  𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑚
𝑉 𝑑𝑐 =  
𝑉 𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
𝜋 2
 Single-phase half-wave uncontrolled Rectifiers
• The low output dc voltage results in high ripple
factor of 121%.
• The discontinuity in input current has the problem
high harmonic factor (H.F) or total harmonic
distortion (T.H.D).
vs Vm

ωt
is
Im
ωt
 Single-phase Full-wave uncontrolled Rectifiers
• It has two topologies.
1. Center-tapped transformer configuration.
2. Full bridge configuration.
 Single-phase Center-Tapped Transformer Type
• This configuration is realized with two diodes and
one transformer.

  2𝑉𝑚   𝑉𝑚
𝑉 𝑑𝑐 = 𝑉 𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
𝜋 √2
 Single-phase Full-Bridge Rectifiers
• It is realized with four diodes only with out any
additional transformer.
 𝑃
vs Vm
D1 D3
ωt
vo
+¿V
 
in
R 𝑣
  𝑜
ωt
−
 

D4 D2
  2𝑉𝑚   𝑉𝑚
𝑉 𝑑𝑐 = 𝑉 𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
 𝑁 𝜋 √2
 Comparison
• The center-tapped and full bridge configuration are
compared in terms of their merits and demerits.
Example 3.1
Example 3.1
Example 3.2
 Single Phase Full Wave with Highly Inductive Load
• The can be model as a constant current source.
• The input current becomes square wave.
Example 3.4
Example 3.4
 Questions-Answers

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