Chemistry Fun Fact of the Day

 What makes
the planet
Mars red?

The answer is
iron oxide – an
ionic compound!
Housekeeping

 Keep on submitting your work from 2.1

 Benefits and disadvantages assignments have been GREAT
so far! 
 Keep up with this week’s evidence of learning - all the
concepts build on each other in this unit
 We will be having a naming quiz TOMORROW after we learn
molecular naming. Make sure you have:
 PERIODIC TABLE
 Piece of scrap paper to do rough work on
Review: Elements, Compounds & Mixtures

 Elements: ONE type of element

 Compounds: MORE THAN one type of element
 Ionic Compounds: Have IONIC BONDS where electrons are EXCHANGED
 Form IONS: CATIONS (+) and ANIONS (-)
 Molecular Compounds: Have COVALENT BONDS where electrons are SHARED
 Mixtures: Physically combined substances
 HOMOGENEOUS: cannot distinguish the different components
 HETEROGENEOUS: can distinguish the different components
Naming Ionic
Compounds
Miss Elliott, December 2020
 RECALL: Ionic
Compounds
 Ionic bonds are created when a
metal loses its electron to a non-
metal
 This forms ions: a positive ion
(cation) and a negative ion (anion)
 Ionic Compounds have the
following properties:
 Solids at room temperature
 Very high melting and boiling
points
 Good conductors of electricity
 Ionic compounds are ALL salts
 Naming Ionic
Compounds
1. Look at the chemical formula. Use
the periodic table to find the
element names.
2. Write the metal’s name first.
3. Write the non-metal’s name, and
change the ending to –ide.

Ex. CaCl2
4. Find the elements Ca and Cl on the
periodic table.
5. The metal name is Calcium.
6. The non-metal name is Chlorine,
which is changed to Chloride
Final chemical name: Calcium Chloride
  NaF

Let’s Practice:  MgO

Naming Ionic
Compounds
 KI
Balancing Charges
 When elements form ionic compounds, the electrons move
from the metal to the non-metal
 The charged ions attract other ions of the opposite charge 
this happens until the charges balance out
 COMPOUND = ELECTRICALLY NEUTRAL  positive charges
must equal negative charges
 This is how we get chemical formulas of ionic compounds
Charges of
Elements
 The periodic table allows us to
determine charges of elements
easily
 As we know METALS lose their
electrons, becoming POSITIVE
cations
 NON-METALS gain electrons,
becoming NEGATIVE anions
 Write the charges for each
group at the top of your
periodic table (skipping the
transition metals)
Let’s Practice:
Making Ions
 What is the charge of a
Magnesium ion?

 What is the charge of a Chlorine

ion?

 What is the charge of an Oxygen

ion?
 Writing Ionic Chemical Formulas
What is the chemical formula of magnesium chloride?

Step 1: Write the symbols of the elements, with the metal on the left-
hand side and the non-metal on the right-hand side.
Mg Cl

Step 2: Add the ionic charge of each ion above the symbol
+2 -1
Mg Cl
 Writing Ionic Chemical Formulas

Step 3: “Criss-Cross” the charges as SUBSCRIPTS on the other element and DROP
THE SIGNS. In this case:
Cl
Total Ionic Charge: +2 + -1 -1
Mg
Mg Cl +2 Cl
Step 4: Rewrite the chemical formula with the new subscripts*. -1
MgCl2
*You do not need to write the subscript 1!

The chemical formula for magnesium chloride = MgCl2

 Let’s Practice: Writing Chemical
Formulas
What is the chemical formula for Aluminum Oxide?
O
+3 -2 -2
Al
Al O +3
O
-2
Al
Al2O3 +3
O
-2
Let’s Practice

What is the chemical formula for calcium oxide?

 Let’s use our criss cross method!
+2 -2
Ca O

Ca2O2?

*****Chemical formulas should always be the SIMPLEST ratio!

Final Formula: CaO

Naming Ionic Compounds
with Multiple Charges
 Chemists have discovered that some elements
have multiple charges or forms
 E.g., Iron = two stable cations  Fe2+ & Fe3+
 These ions are named the same EXCEPT that
Roman numerals in rounded brackets are used
to indicate the ionic charge of the metal
 Fe2+ = Iron (II) Ion
 Fe3+ = Iron (III) Ion
 This means that Iron can form two different
compounds with a particular anion
 E.g., Iron chloride = FeCl2 OR FeCl3  each has
its own distinct properties
There are several metals that form multiple
cations
Metal Chemical symbol Chemical symbols Names of ions
of element of ions
Copper Cu Cu+ & Cu2+ Copper (I) &
Copper (II)
Iron Fe Fe2+ & Fe3+ Iron (II) & Iron (III)
Lead Pb Pb2+ & Pb4+ Lead (II) & Lead
(IV)
Naming Ionic Compounds with Multiple
Charges
 When naming compound with multiple ionic charges, you must
determine the charge so that you can include it in the name

Example:
 FeCl2 = Iron (II) Chloride
 FeCl3 = Iron (III) Chloride
Determining an Unknown Charge
 CuBr2
 You don’t know whether the charge for Copper is +1 or +2, therefore use the REVERSE
CRISSCROSS to determine

CuBr2

Cu2+ Br-
 Therefore, the ionic charge of Copper is 2+
 The name of CuBr2 is Copper (II) Bromide
Let’s Practice!

 Determine the chemical name of FeCl3

Fe Cl3

+3 -1
Fe Cl

Iron has a charge of +3. The chemical name is Iron (III) Chloride.
More
Practice!
Complete & Submit Evidence of
Learning