The human person as an

embodied spirit
(Group 3)
 Learning Competencies
✘ 3.1 Recognize own limitations and possibilities
✘ 3.2 Evaluate own limitations and the possibilities for
their transcendence
✘ 3.3 Recognize how the human body imposes limits and
possibilities for transcendence
✘ 3.4 Distinguish the limitations and the possibilities for
transcendence

2
THOMAS
MERTON
(1984)
3
Embodied
spirit?
4
 Embodied spirit
✘The union between the soul
and the body

5
TRANSCENDEN
CE?

6
 TRANSCENDENCE
✘ “It is the ability to change, be
dynamic, and continually
redefining one’s self which works
out facticity to create change”

7
THREE MAIN
SPIRITUAL
PHILOSOPHI
ES
8
 1

HINDUISM

9
 HINDUISM
✘ Indians believe that God first created the sound
and the world rose from.
✘ The sound is called the “AUM”
✘ The Human being has dual nature:
Soul and Character

10
 SOUL
(THE ULTIMATE
REAL)
11
WHAT IS
KARMA?

12
KARMA
13
12 LAWS OF
KARMA

14
 THE GREAT LAW
✘ Whatever we put into the universe will
come back to us

15
 THE LAW OF
HUMILITY
✘ One must accept something in order to
change it

16
 THE LAW OF
RESPONSIBILITY
✘ We must take responsibility for what is in our
lives.

17
THE LAW OF HERE AND
NOW
✘ We cannot be present if we are looking
backward

18
 THE LAW OF PATIENCE
AND REWARD
✘ The most valuable rewards require
persistence

19
 THE LAW OF
CREATION
✘ Life does not happen by itself we
need to make it happen

20
 THE LAW OF
GROWTH
✘ When we change ourselves, our lives
change too.

21
 THE LAW OF
CONNECTION
✘ The past, present and future are all
connected

22
THE LAW OF GIVING
AND HOSPITALITY
✘ Our behavior should match our
thoughts and actions.

23
THE LAW OF CHANGE
✘ History repeats itself until we learn
from it and change our path.

24
 THE LAW OF
SIGNIFICANCE AND
INSPIRATION
✘ Rewards are a result of the energy and
effort we put into it

25
 THE LAW OF FOCUS
✘ One must not think of two things at the
same time.

26
 SAMSARA
(continuous process of
life)
27
MOKSHA
28
BRAHMA
N
29
 BRAHMAN
✘ Is the understanding of your ATMAN
✘ ATMAN=SELF
✘ BRAHMAN is the understanding of your TRUE
SELF

30
4 PRI M A RY
V A L U E S

31
1. Wealth
2. Pleasure
3. Duty
4. Enlightenment
32
NOTHINGNES
S

33
 2

BUDDHISM

34
 BUDDHISM
✘ Another Major eastern tradition from the
Siddhrtha Gautama or the buddha

35
 “Dharma”
(Law of Savation)

36
 N OB L E
FOUR
T RU T HS

37
 1.“KUTAI”
(LIFE IS FULL OF
SUFFERING)

38
 2. “JUTAI”
(Suffering is caused by
passionate desires, lusts, and
cravings)

39
 3. “Mettai”
(Only as these things are
obliterated, will suffering
cease)

40
 4.”DOTAI”
(The truth of the path to the
cessation of suffering)

41
 gh t f ol d Pat h
Ei

42
 1. Right Views
(Right belief in and acceptance
of the Four Noble truths)

43
 2. Right Thoughts
(Right aspiration for one’s self
and for others)

44
 3. Right Speech
(Right speech that harms no
one)

45
 4. Right Conduct
(Right Conduct, motivated by
goodwill toward all human
beings)

46
 5. Right Livelihood
(Right livelihood means,
earning one’s living by
honorable means)

47
 6. Right Effort
(Right endeavor, or effort to
direct one’s energies towards
wise ends.)

48
 7. Right Mindfulness
(Right mindfulness in
choosing topics of thought)

49
 8. Right Meditation
(Right meditation, or
concentration to the point of
complete absorption in mystic
ecstasy)

50
ARHATSHIP

51
NIRVAN
A
52
 First steps after hearing the Buddhist
teaching
1. Refrain from destroying life
2. Refrain from taking what is not given.
3. Refrain from the misuse of the senses
4. Refrain from wrong speech
5. Refrain from taking drugs or drinks that tend to
cloud the mind

53
 ur s t a t e s of
Fo
su b l i m e
con d i t i o n

54
Love, sorrow of others, joy in
the joy of others and
equanimity as regards one’s
own joy and sorrows

55
 3

CHRISTiANITY

56
 Christianity
✘ Is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on
the life and the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth

57
In the beginning, Christians
did not see the need to prove
God’s Existence.

58
 For AUGUSTINE (354-430 CE)
✘ Philosophy is amor sapiential (the love of wisdom)
whose aim it to produce happiness
✘ Christianity, as presenting the full revelation of the
true God, is the only full and true philosophy.

59
 e e l ev el s o f
Thr
exis t e n c e

60
 1. Mere Being
2. Living being
3. Rational being

61
“Man is a rational substance
constituted of soul and body”
-Augustine

62
 For St. Thomas Aquinas,
✘ Human beings have the unique power to change
themselves and the things for the better.
✘ Considers the human being as moral agent who is
both spiritual and body elements.

63
 Evaluate own
limitations and the
possibilities of for
their transcendence

64
A. FORGIVENESS

65
B. The beauty of
Nature

66
C. Vulnerability

67
D. Failure

68
E. Loneliness

69
F. Love

70
Human body imposes
limits and
possibilities for
transcendence

71
 A. Hinduism:
Reincarnation &
Karma
72
A. Buddhism:
Nirvana

73
A. Christianity:
After Life

74
Distinguish the
Limitations and
possibilities for
transcendence
75
 LIMITATION
✘ An act or instance that bounds, restrains, or
confines someone from achieving

76
 POSSIBILITY
✘ The condition or fact of being withing the limits of
ability, capacity, or realization

77
 TRANSCENDENCE
✘ The act of rising above something to a superior
state, derived from the word’s literal meaning from
the Latin of climbing or going beyond

78
 The principle of
conjunction of faith
and reason

79
Si comprehendis, non
east deus

80
Summa Theologica

81
Natural Evil

82
Moral Evil

83
 The root cause of natural and moral evil
✘ According to Augustine, it leads to metaphysical
evil which refers to certain imperfections that are
unavoidable in created and dependent universe
✘ Inevitable imperfections are the source of many
other evils that occur in it.

84
 According to LUDWIG FEUERBACH
✘ The essence of Christianity, a person is God and
God is in the person
✘ There is no distinction between God and Human
Beings

85
 HAPPY
HALLOWEEN!

86