Kepimpinan

Leadership

TOPIK 9
TOPIC 9

UUW322- KEMAHIRAN
1 BERFIKIR
THINKING SKILL
Introduction
 Habit is a blend of knowledge, desire and skill.
 Every leader should have interpersonal skills.
 Every leader should possess appropriate
personality and characters.
 According to Stephen Covey, effective
leadership habit is to think win-win, i.e. the
overall philosophy of human interactions.
 Excellence is a habit.

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Stephen Richards Covey

 Bornin 1932 and passed away on

16/7/2012.
 Was an American educator, author,
businessman, and keynote speaker.
 Was a professor at School of
Business, Utah State University.
 Hismost popular book is “The Seven
Habits of Highly Effective People”

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Habit 1: Be Proactive
 Be Proactive is about taking
responsibility for your life.
 Proactive people do not blame genetics,
circumstances, conditions or
conditioning for their behaviour.
 Reactive people are often affected by
their physical environment and they
find external sources to blame for their
behaviour.

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A proactive person uses proactive
language (e.g: I can, I will, I prefer
etc.)
A reactive person uses reactive
language (e.g: I can’t, I have to, If
only etc.)

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 Proactivepeople focus their time
and energy on things they can
control

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 The problems, challenges, and opportunities we face fall into two
areas:
 Circle of Concern
 Circle of Influence

 Proactive people focus their efforts in the Circle of Influence i.e

they work on the things they can do something about.
 Reactive people focus their efforts in the Circle of Concern i.e
things over which they have little or no control.
 Therefore, gaining an awareness of the areas in which we expend
our energies in is a giant step in becoming proactive.

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Habit 2: Begin With the End
in Mind
 Habit 2 is based on imagination i.e the ability
to envision in your mind what you cannot at
present see with your eyes.
 It is based on the principle that all things are
created twice (i.e first, mental creation,
followed by second, physical creation).
 Means to begin each day, task, or project with
a clear vision of your desired direction and
destination, and then continue by flexing your
proactive muscles to make things happen.

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 Oneof the best ways to incorporate
Habit 2 into your life is to develop a
Personal Mission Statement.
 Yourmission statement makes you
the leader of your own life.
 Youcan create your own destiny and
secure the future you envision.

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Habit 3: Put First Things
First
 Habit 1 says “You’re in charge”. Being proactive
is about choice.
 Habit 2 is the first, or mental creation. Beginning
with the end in mind is about vision.
 Habit 3 is the second creation, the physical
creation.
 This habit is where Habits 1 and 2 come together.
 It deals with many of questions addressed in the
field of time management and life management.

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 What are first things? First things are
those things you, personally, find of
most worth.
 Ifyou put first things first, you are
organizing and managing time and
events according to the personal
priorities you established in Habit 3.

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Habit 4: Think Win-Win

 Win-winsees life as a cooperative

arena, not a competitive one.
 Win-win is a frame of mind and
heart that constantly seeks mutual
benefit in all human interactions.
 Win-win means agreements or
solutions are mutually beneficial and
satisfying.
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 A person or organization that approaches
conflicts with a win-win attitude possesses
three vital character traits:

 Integrity– sticking with your true feelings,

values and commitments.
 Maturity – expressing your ideas and
feelings with courage and consideration for
the ideas and feelings of others.
 Abundance mentality – believing there is
plenty for everyone.

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Habit 5: Seek First to
Understand, Then to be
Understood
 Communication is the most
important skill in life.
 Youspend years learning how to
read and write, and years learning
how to speak.
 What about listening?
 Mostpeople listen with the intent to
reply, not to understand.
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Habit 6: Synergize
 Synergy means “two heads are better than one”
 Synergize is the habit of creative cooperation.
 It is teamwork, open-mindedness, and the
adventure of finding new solutions to old
problems.
 It is a process, and through that process, people
bring all their personal experience and expertise
to the table. Together, they can produce better
results than they could individually.

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Differences should be seen
as strengths not weaknesses.

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Habit 7: Sharpen the Saw

 Means preserving and enhancing the

greatest asset you have – YOU.
 Itmeans having a balanced program
for self-renewal in the four areas of
your life – physical,
social/emotional, mental and
spiritual.

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As you renew yourself in each of the four areas, you create
growth and change in your life.

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 Sharpen the saw keeps you fresh so
you can continue to practice the other
six habits.

 Without this renewal, the body

becomes weak, the mind mechanical,
the emotions raw, the spirit
insensitive, and the person selfish.

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Habit 8: Find Your Voice and
Inspire Others to Find Theirs

 Theessence of this habit is that you will find

your voice when you can say that you are 100%
involved in what you are doing with your life.

 By100% involvement, what is meant is that

your body, mind, heart and spirit are all
engaged in the adventure – whatever that is for
you.
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 Tofind your voice, you need to examine
your natural talent – you are good at
something! Don’t let anyone convince
you otherwise.
 When you have found your voice, you
can begin inspiring others to do the
same thing.

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Leadership Style and Success
 Thevery top people in truly great
organizations are “Servant Leaders”.
 Theyare the most humble, the most
reverent (appreciative), the most open,
the most teachable, the most respectful
and the most caring.

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How to Create 8th Habit Leadership

 The 8th Habit leader has the mind-set and

the skill-set to constantly look for the
potential in people.
 Thiskind of leadership communicates to
people their own worth so clearly that
they come to see it in themselves.

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JOHARI Window of
Interpersonal Development
 Johari window is a technique created by
Joseph Luft and Harrington Ingam in 1955
in the United States.
 It is used to help people better understand
their relationship with self and others.
 It is used primarily in self-help groups and
corporate settings as a heuristic exercise.

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 Johari Region 1: known to self and known by others
 Also known as ‘the area of free activity’
 Thisis the information about the person e.g:
behaviour, attitude, feelings, emotion, knowledge,
experience, skills, views, etc. – known by the
person (the self) and known by the group (others).
 The aim in any group should always be to develop
the ‘open area’ for every person, because when
we work in this area with others we are at our
most effective and productive, and the group is at
its most productive too.

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 Johari Region 2: known to others but
unknown to self
 Itis what is known about a person by
others in the group, but it is unknown by
the person him/herself.
 By seeking or soliciting feedback from
others, the aim should be to reduce this
area and thereby to increase the open
area i.e to increase self-awareness.

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 Johari Region 3: known to self and unknown to
others
 Iswhat is known to ourselves but kept
hidden from, and therefore unknown, to
others.
 By telling others how we feel and other
information about ourselves we reduce the
hidden area, and increase the open area
which enables better understanding,
cooperation, trust, team-working
effectiveness and productivity.

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 Johari Region 4:unknown to self and
unknown to others
 Contains information, feelings, latent
abilities, experiences etc, that are
unknown to the person him/herself and
unknown to others in the group.
 Large unknown areas would typically be
expected in younger people, and people
who lack experience or self-belief.

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 JohariWindow is a very elegant and
potent model, simply helping people
to understand, is the most effective
way to optimise the value to people.

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 The Johari Window model is a simple
and useful tool for illustrating and
improving self-awareness, and mutual
understanding between individuals
within a group.
 Itcan also be used to assess and
improve a group’s relationship with
other groups.

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 Today, the Johari Window model is especially
relevant due to modern emphasis on, and
influence of, ‘soft’ skills, behaviour,
empathy, cooperation, inter-group
development and interpersonal development.

 The Johari Window concept is particularly

helpful to understading employee/employer
relationships..

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Listening Skill

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What is Listening?

 Theprocess of receiving,
constructing meaning from, and
responding to spoken and/or
nonverbal messages; to hear
something with thoughtful
attention

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 Listening
is the most
important communication
skill
 Weprobably spend more
time using our listening skill
than any other kind of skills

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 The first and the foremost
communication skill that we learn in
our lives is nothing but “LISTENING”

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 Listening or Hearing?

 Listening and hearing are not the same .

Hearing is the first stage of listening. Hearing
occurs when our ears pick up sound waves
which are then transported to our brain.

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Process of Listening

Understanding
Learning

Receiving Rememberin
Hearing g
Recalling

Responding Evaluating
Answering Judging

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Type of listening

 Discriminative Listening – involves

identifying the difference between various
sound. Enables one to differentiate
between familiar and unfamiliar language.
 Comprehension Listening – involves
attaching meaning to what is being
listened to. It may also include
comprehending the non verbal message
being conveyed by the speaker.

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• Evaluative Listening – Involves evaluating
and analyzing the message being received.
Judging the acceptability of what is said
depending on how logical one finds it to be.
• Attentive Listening – involves paying
attention to the words that are being spoken.
• Pretence Listening – involves more hearing
than listening. It means pretending through
facial expressions that one is listening when
actually not.

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 Selective Listening – Involves selecting
the desired part of the message and
ignoring the undesired part of the
message.
 Intuitive Listening – Listening through
intuitive mind by silencing the other forms
of internal dialogues on simultaneously.

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Barriers to Effective
Listening
 Physical Barriers
 Physiological barriers
 Psychological barriers

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Physical Barriers

 Noise
 Poor acoustics
 Defective mechanical devices
 Frequent interuptions
 Uncomfortable seating arragements
 Uncomfortable environment
 Message overload
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Physiological Barriers
• State of Health – Listener or speaker having fever,
pain or any form of bodily discomfort.
• Disability – Hearing deficiencies, speech disorder or
speaker’s accent may also make it difficult to
comprehend.
• Wandering attention – Human mind can process
words at the rate of about 500 minute, whereas a
speaker speaks at the rate of about 150 per minute.
The difference between the two leaves the listener
with sufficient time to let his mind wander.

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Psychological Barriers
• Being unsure of the speakeer’s ability –
Based on past experience or inputs from
sources, the listener may have preconceived
notion of the speaker’s abiility.
• Personal anxiety – listener is preoccupied
with personal concerns and anxieties.
• Attitude – Listener may be highly egocentric
with a “know it all attitude” and may not
listen .

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 Impatience – Listener may not have patience
to wait for the other person to finish what he
has to say. Eager to add his own point.

 Emotional blocks - Our deep seated beliefs in

certain ideas may make it difficult for us to
listen to ideas which go against our belief.

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Sympathy vs Empathy

• Sympathy - Feeling sorry for someone

going through a bad situation.
• Empathy – putting yourself in the other
person’s shoes and feeling what they are
feeling.
Empathy
“Can be describe as feeling the feelings of
another with the greatest accuracy and
effort”
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 The End
Thank You For Your Attention

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