PRODUCTIVITY

IMPROVEMENT AND
EXCELLENCE CENTER

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL
AND ELECTRONICS
 TITLE:

AUTOMATIC NIGHT LIGHT

 INTRODUCTION
Survey had shown that people generally do not have an effective and automatic
means of monitoring and controlling their electrical lighting units automatically
during the day and during night. Such a system that switches on all electrical
lighting units during night and switches off the units during the day is not installed
in many homes.

 The system is automatic because of the inherent means of differentiating

between shadow and darkness and between daylight and darkness by means of
the incorporated time delay circuits and this makes it different from the popular
and ordinary light/dark operated switch.
Hence the sensor (photocell) and the entire circuitry only respond to true darkness
and true daylight and not shadow and illuminating sources. The system therefore
controls the household electrical lamps and security lighting units by ensuring that
these are only switched on during night and switched off during daylight.

circumventing all natural and artificial interference like stray light and lightning
during the night and shadow cast on the sensor.
 STATEMENTS OF THE PROBLEM

Many conventional power saving methods uses a manually operated

Switches. Since the user can switch on and off the lights as per their
preferences there is a chance of forgetting to turn off the light.
The other convectional power saving method proposed was by detecting
occupant existence by using passive infrared sensor (PIR) without checking
the intensity of light.
This project is used to overcome all the drawbacks of the above methods.
The system combines three fields of electronics namely;

Optoelectronics
 Analog electronics and
Digital electronics.
Automation systems [1] are being preferred over the manual mode because
it reduces the use of energy to saves energy. These automation systems play
an essential role in making our daily life more comfortable and facilitate
users from ceiling fans to washing machines and in other applications.

Among all exciting applications, street lights play a vital role in our
environment and also plays a critical role in providing light for safety during
night-time travel. In this scenario, when the street lights are in working
functionality over the whole night that consumes a lot of energy and reduces
the lifetime of the electrical equipment such as electric bulb.
 S W O T A N A LY S I S

STRENGTHS

T H R E AT S
S  Gives the user complete
control over the night lighting
systems.
 Some groups might stack on
T
 Reduced electricity
the traditional controlling consumption.
mechanism.
W  Increased sustainability.
WEAKNESSES

OP PORTU NITIE S O  Complicated setup process

 Rising government incentives for reduces the overall demand
energy –saving products. for products.
 Rapid urbanization and the rising need
for mobility could also largely fuel the
growth of this industry.
 Scope of attracting corporate client's is
high
THE PROCESS
Especially in cities’ streetlights, it is a severe power consuming factor and
also the most significant energy expenses for a city.

In this regard, an intelligent lighting control system can decrease street
lighting costs up to 70% [3] and increase the durability of the equipment.

The traditional lighting system has been limited to two options ON and OFF
only, and it is not efficient because this kind of operations meant power loss
due to continuing working on maximum voltage.
Hence, wastage of power from street lights is one of the noticeable power loss,
but with the use of automation, it leads to many new methods of energy and
money saving.
In the meanwhile, the importance of smart light system has motivated a lot of
studies and the series of research work has been done [7-20].

In previous works, the street light systems are based on LDR [8-13], and most of
them are passive infrared receiver based systems that are controlled with timers
and analog circuits. Sun tracking sensors [21] are also utilized to power OFF the
street lights by the detection of the sunlight luminance. Furthermore, street light
control with the use of solar energy [11]
To the best of our knowledge, a need is still existed to design a system that
controls the dim light, connect the power ON/OFF with the vehicle’s motion
detection, calculate the total number of vehicles passed through the road, and
control the entrance gate at night to reduce criminal activities.

The most natural solution is to control the street lights according to the outside
lighting condition. This is what our paper is aiming for in smart lighting system
in which the street lights will be turned OFF when there are no motion
detections or day-time, otherwise the lights will be remained Dim/ON.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Our proposed design is aimed at efficiently replacing any light

systems that are manually controlled.

This is to save the power automatically instead of doing manually.

This saved power can be used to reduce unnecessary costs.
To reduce accidents, criminal activities and maintenance costs.
 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

General objective
Automatic night light design and implementation through in an acceptable
manner.

 Specific objective
To design the most efficient and effective electrical circuits.
To select the preferable materials/components.
To design the case in order to protect and make it flexible. i.e.
mechanical body part can be designed.
 To implement the overall electrical and mechanical parts.
 SCOPES OF THIS PROJECT

This project is designed for Filing office work, General office, class rooms
and class rooms for evening. So the system can be used in villages, towns
and city for the costumers of electricity.
No COMPONENTS SPECEFICATION QUANTITY COST PER TOTAL-COST
QUANTITY(BIRR)
1. RESISTOR 1M ohm OR 560K 2 2 4
ohm
2. RESISTOR 100 ohm 2 2 4
3. RESISTOR 220 OHM 2 2 4
4. ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITOR 470 micro-farad 2 5 10
5. TRANSISTOR BC-547 2 50 100
6. TRI-AC BT-136 2 50 100
7. CERAMIC CAPACITOR 225J,400V 2 10 20
8. DIODE 1N4007 4 10 40
9. ZENER DIODE 5.1V 1 10 10
10. LIGHT DEPENDENT LDR 2 10 20
RESISTOR
11. CONNECTOR   1 20 20
12. OPTOCOUPLER MOC3021 1 50 50
13. LAMPHOLDER   1 10 10
14. LAMP   1 20 20
15. JUMPER WIRE   10 5 50
16. PCB ZERO 1 150 150
TOTAL= 612 (birr)
No Activities Time(week)
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th

1 Analyse the various previous              

circuits to aware.  
2 Construct (build up) the electrical              
circuit in proteus professional and
the mechanical in solid work.  
3 Simulate and analyze the circuits                
4 Study the specification of            
components    
5 Redesign as it requires                
6 Material preparation              
 
7 Hardware implementation              
 
8 Documentation                
Thank you!!