INDUSTRIAL PAPER PROCESS

ALGEBER MATEO SANTOS 6202

INTRODUCTION

Industrial paper is a product derived from cellulose. It is a type of paper used to make products such as industrial
toilet paper, wick paper rolls, etc..
STEP 1:OBTAINING WOOD.

Tree cutting and removal of all branches, leaving only the main trunk. There are two kinds:
 Woods (less long, resistant, resinous woods for papers of low grammage, dimensional stability and opacity - and
leafy)
 Synthetic (much resistance).
STEP 2: BARK.

 Removal of tree bark. This is equivalent to removing all the outer layer to leave only the wood of the trunk.
STEP 3: BARK GRINDING - OBTAINING FIBER.

 The logs are cut into small pieces to make it easier to obtain the maximum of the vegetable fibers in the
subsequent chemical reactions
STEP 4: MIX WITH H2O - OBTAINING PASTE.
 Treatment based on chemical products forming a paste. This can be done in various ways and using various
products, but one of the cheapest is water, although sodium magnesium sulfate is also common. The intention of
these products is to eliminate the undesirable fibers of the wood, as is the case of lignin, leaving only the cellulose
that is the main responsible for the production of the paper.
STEP 5: PASTA BLEACHING.

 The paste thus formed goes through various additional processes such as washing, filtering, drying and some
others until it reaches the bleaching process to obtain the desired shade. It aims to eliminate the part of the lignin
not eliminated in cooking. It can be conventional, with CI dioxide (reduces contamination), with ozone
(eliminates), with enzymes or with peroxides.
STEP 6: INCLUSION OF CL AND O3 AND TRANSPORT TO THE
INLET BOX.
 In the case of a normal paste, the pulper (container with a propeller that shakes the leaves, individualizing the
fibers) or screwdrivers (two discs with spikes) are used. In this process, the fiber is also beaten to collect water and
rubbed so that it frays. The final refining is measured at the machine foot with a Schopper-riegler on a scale up to
100. If the pulp comes from secondary fiber there are several deinking techniques: washing (the oldest, with
detergents), flotation (the most used with foam ), with enzymes or combining washing and flotation.
STEP 7: INTRODUCTION AT ENTRANCE TABLE
 The thicker pulp is placed on moving metal meshes, where the paper will gradually form as the pulp dries and
releases water, which is collected to take advantage of its cellulose content in other recovery stages, which It will
help to make more paper. The paste is regulated according to the density, consistency and flow and is applied on a
flat table that can be conventional or double-cloth. This is essential in the formation of the sheet and therefore, it
must allow a good distribution of the paste, prevent the passage of fibers and prevent sticking and facilitate
washing. They can be metallic or plastic.
STEP 8: SMOOTHING THE PRESSED PAPER

 The paper gets the desired thickness when passing between rotating rollers that, in addition to that, can print some
marks, depending on the manufacturer. The paper is then pressed between two felt-coated rollers to extract even
more water and then passes through another series of rollers that are responsible for giving it the proper texture.
STEP 9: DRYING
 Before drying, there are different mechanisms: stripping rollers (they support the fabric and help to eliminate
water), foils (the fabric slides on them), progressive suction boxes, suction cylinder and foam-killing roller.
Immediately after, comes the pressing for the consolidation of the sheet by means of a vacuum, slotted or offset
press. After that there is the drying room, where hot rollers are responsible for carrying out a last drying stage with
two parts, after the press and after the machine surface treatment, applying heat to the paper using cylinders.
STEP 10: SURFACE TREATMENT
 Later they go through other cold rollers that give it a final finish, in addition to providing the gloss according to
the type of paper. Normally, a coating is carried out prior to its passage through the calender. It can be:
 Size press (between saquería and secaría, a tie layer is placed by means of two presses improving printability and
dimensional stability).
 Gate roll (improved version of the above that is usually used to machine plaster).
 Bill blade (used to machine plaster, apply on one side with a knife and on the other with a roller.