Recruitment

‫))ن ئیب ھرتی‬

Presented By:
Dr. Abdul Khaliq
 Recruitment
• The process of discovering potential candidates.
• The process of generating a pool of qualifies candidates
for a particular job.
 Recruitment
• The term recruitment stands for discovering the sources
from where potential employees will be available.
• Recruitment is a positive process of searching for
prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
the jobs in the organization.
 Recruitment Vs. Selection
• Recruitment is the process of searching the candidates
for employment and stimulating them to apply for jobs
in the organization WHEREAS Selection involves the
series of steps by which the candidates are screened for
choosing the most suitable persons for vacant posts.
RECRUITMENT IS A TWO-WAY STREET
 Recruitment
• Recruitment means to estimate the available vacancies
and to make suitable arrangements for their selection
and appointment. Recruitment is understood as the
process of searching for and obtaining applicants for
the jobs, from among whom the right people can be
selected.
 Recruitment
• Recruitment or Hiring is the process of searching and
attracting the right candidates for hiring them for
vacant jobs in an organization.
• Recruitment refers to the process of searching
for potential employees and influencing them to work
for their organization.
 Definition
• A formal definition states, “It is the process of finding and
attracting capable applicants for the employment. The
process begins when new recruits are sought and ends
when their applicants are submitted. The result is a pool of
applicants from which new employees are selected”.
 Definition
• “Recruitment is the process of searching for prospective employees
and stimulating and encouraging the to apply for the job.”
– (Edwin Flippo,1980)
• “Recruitment is a process to discover the sources of manpower to
meet the requirements of the staffing schedule and to employ
effective measures for attracting that manpower inadequate
numbers to facilitate effective selection of an efficient working
force.”
– (Yoder D et al., 1972)
 Definition
• In the words of Dale S. Beach “Recruitment is the
development and maintenance of adequate manpower
resources. It involves the creation of a pool of available
labor upon whom the organization can draw when it needs
additional employees.” 
 Purpose of the Recruitment Process
• The purpose of the recruitment process is to find talented
and qualified individuals for the growth and development
of their organization. It is part of the human resource
management(HRM) department.
 SOURCES OF RECRUITMENT
• Basically there are two sources of recruitment namely:
• Internal sources
• External sources
 INTERNAL SOURCES
• Best employees can be found within the organization. When a
vacancy arises in the organization, it is offered to an employee
who is already on the pay roll.
• Internal sources include PROMOTION and TRANSFER.
• When a higher post is given to an employee who deserves that
post, it stimulates all other employees of the organization to
work hard. The employees can be informed of such a vacancy
by internal advertisement.
 Transfer
• Transfer involves the shifting of an employee from one job
to another. At the time of transfer, it is ensured that the
employee to be transferred to the new job is capable of
performing it. In fact, transfer does not involve any drastic
change in the responsibilities and status of the employee. On
the other hand, promotion leads to shifting an employee to a
higher position carrying higher responsibilities, facilities,
status and pay.
 Promotion
• Many companies follow the practice of filling higher jobs by
promoting employees who are considered fit for such positions.
Filling vacancies in higher jobs from within the organization has the
following merits:
Improves morale
No error in selection
Promotes loyalty
No hasty decision
Economy in training costs
Self-development
 Cont.
• Improves morale : When an employee from inside the organization is
given the higher post, it helps in increasing the morale of all
employees. Generally every employee expects promotion to a higher
post (carrying more status and pay) if he fulfils the requirements.
• No error in selection: When an employee is selected from inside,
there is no possibility of errors in selection since every company
maintains complete record of its employees and can judge them in a
better manner.
• Promotes loyalty: It promotes loyalty among the employees as they
feel secured on account of chances of advancement.
 Cont.
• No hasty decision: The chances of hasty decisions are completely
eliminated as the existing employees are well tried and can be relied
upon.
• Economy in training costs: The existing employees are fully aware of
the operating procedures and policies of the organization. The existing
employees require little training and it results in the economy in
training costs.
• Self-development: It encourages self-development among the
employees since they can look forward to occupy higher posts.
 Characteristics of Internal Sources
• Quick process.
• Cheaper than the external recruitment process.
• Works as a tool of motivation for the staff.
• The company’s choice is limited to existing employees of
the company.
• Hiring fresh employees is a lost prospect.
 Advantages of Internal Sources
• Selecting and transferring existing employees is a simpler process.
• The managers are aware of the talents and abilities of already existing
employees.
• Internal recruitment serves as a tool to boost the morale of employees
as internal hiring creates job and promotion opportunities for existing
employees.
• Internal hiring promotes a feeling of loyalty amongst the employees.
• Existing employees are already aware of the company’s working
methods and don’t take a long time to adjust to new positions.
 Disadvantages
• The following are the disadvantages of internal sources:
1) It discourages capable persons from outside to join the concern.
2) It is possible that the requisite number of persons possessing qualifications/
experiences skills/attitudes required for the vacant posts may not be available in the
organization.
3) For posts requiring innovations and original thinking, this method of recruitment
cannot be followed.
4) If only seniority is the criterion for promotion then the person filling the vacant post
may not be really capable.
• In spite of the disadvantages, this is frequently used as a source of recruitment.
 External Sources
• External sources of recruitment refer to the sources that lie
outside or exist external to the organization.
• Every enterprise has to tap external sources for various
positions. Running enterprises have also to recruit
employees from outside for filling up positions whose
specifications cannot be met by internally available
employees, and for meeting the additional requirements of
manpower.
Cont.
• The following external sources of recruitment are commonly
used by the enterprises:
Direct Recruitment
Unsolicited Applications
Advertisements
Employment Agencies
Education Institutions
Labour Contractors
Recommendations
 External Sources
• Direct Recruitment: An important source of recruitment is
direct recruitment by placing a notice on the notice board of the
enterprise specifying the details of the jobs available. It is also
known as recruitment at factory gate. The practice of direct
recruitment is generally followed for filling casual vacancies
requiring unskilled workers. Such workers are known as casual
or badly workers and they are paid remuneration on daily wage
basis.
 External Sources
• Unsolicited Applications: Many qualified persons apply
for employment to reputed companies on their own
initiative. Such applications are known as unsolicited
applications. They serve as a good source of manpower. A
proper record may be kept of such applications and the
candidates may be called for interview whenever the need
arises.
 External Sources
• Advertisements: Advertising the job has become a fashion of the day
with the large scale enterprises, particularly when the vacancy is for a
higher post or when there are a large number of vacancies. This helps in
informing the candidates spread over different parts of the country. This
method increases the choice of the management. The necessary
information about the company, job descriptions and job specifications
may be given in the advertisement itself for the benefit of the candidates.
Usually, this method brings in a flood of response from quite unsuitable
candidates. This increases the cost of selection of employees. Therefore,
advertisement copy should be drafted in such a way that only the suitable
candidates are tempted to apply.
 External Sources
• Employment Agencies: Employment exchanges run by the
Government are regarded as a good source of recruitment for
unskilled, semi-skilled operative jobs. In some cases, compulsory
notification of vacancies to employment exchange is required by
law. However, in the technical and professional areas, private
agencies and professional bodies appear to be doing most of the
work. Employment exchanges and selected private agencies
provide a nation-wide service in attempting to match personnel
demand and supply. They bring the job givers in contact with the
job seekers.
 External Sources
• Education Institutions: Jobs in industry have become
increasingly varied and complexed to the point where school and
college degrees are widely required. That is why, many big
organizations maintain a liaison with the colleges, vocational
institutes and management institutes for recruitment to various
jobs. Recruitment from educational institutions is a well-
established practice of thousands of business and other
organizations. Organizations which require a large number of
clerks or which seek applicants for apprenticeship programs
usually recruit from institutions offering vocational/professional
courses.
 External Sources
• Labour Contractors: Labour contractors continue to be a
source of recruitment in some industries. Workers are
recruited through labour contractors who are themselves
employees of the organization. The disadvantage of this
system is that if the contractor himself decides to leave the
organization, all the workers employed through him may
follow suit. This system of recruitment is losing popularity
these days.
 External Sources
• Recommendations: Applicants introduced by existing
employees, friends and relatives may prove to be a good source
of recruitment. Indeed, many employers prefer to take such
persons because something about their background is known.
When a present employee or a business friend recommends a
person, a type of preliminary screening takes place. Some
organizations have agreements with the unions of employees to
give preference to close relatives of existing or retired
employees if their qualifications and experience are suited to
the vacant jobs.
 Characteristics of External Sources
• Long and time-consuming process.
• It is an expensive process.
• When external people are given opportunities over them,
then existing workers lose morale
• Hiring new employees can lead to the introduction of new
blood and thus the introduction of a new set of skills and
ideas.
 Advantages of External Sources
• Filling a vacancy from external sources has the following
advantages:
The employees recruited under this system possess varied and broader
experience.
Under this system of recruitment, fresh viewpoints are attracted.
 Disadvantages of External Sources
• Filling a vacancy through external sources suffers from the
following disadvantages:
This system is more expensive. The concern has to make huge
expenditure on advertisement, holding of written test, interview,
training, etc.
This system of recruitment reduces incentive to good work among the
lower cadres.
This system of recruitment results in young men being placed over the
older and more experienced persons of the lower services. This causes
among them more jealousy.