Artificial Intelligence

Prajeev Sudhakaran
BIS-18
Contents
•Definition
•Programming languages
•History and Timeline
•Components of AI
•Applications and Benefits of AI
•Future of AI
•Risks of AI
•Conclusion
•References
Definition
• Artificial intelligence (AI), the ability of a digital computer or
computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly
associated with intelligent beings.
•The term is frequently applied to the project of developing
systems endowed with the intellectual processes characteristic
of humans, such as the ability to reason, discover meaning,
generalize, or learn from past experience
Definition
•Still, despite continuing advances in computer processing speed
and memory capacity, there are as yet no programs that can
match human flexibility over wider domains or in tasks
requiring much everyday knowledge.
Definition
• On the other hand, some programs have attained the
performance levels of human experts and professionals in
performing certain specific tasks, so that artificial intelligence
in this limited sense is found in applications as diverse as
medical diagnosis, computer search engines, and voice or
handwriting recognition.
Definition
• The core function and reason of artificial intelligence include computer
programming for performing certain traits which the humans can do and
also to perform with much better abilities beyond humans capacities.
• Fundamental traits of AI:
i) Knowledge
ii) Reasoning
iii) Problem Solving
iv) Perception
v) Planning
vi) Learning
vii) Ability to manipulate and move objects
Programming Languages for building AI(1958-
present)

LISP(1958,
Dad)

R Java Python Prolog

History and Timeline of AI
Components of AI

•Cutting-edge technologies that enable computer systems to

understand the meaning of human language, learn from
experience, and make predictions, respectively.
•Henceforth, there are 6 fundamental concepts and
components of AI.
Components of AI
Components of AI: Machine Learning - Learning
from experience
•Machine learning, or ML, is an application of AI that provides
computer systems with the ability to automatically learn and
improve from experience without being explicitly programmed.
•Example: Despite Netflix,Uber, machine learning is being
applied to healthcare, pharma, and life sciences industries to aid
disease diagnosis, medical image interpretation, and accelerate
drug development
Components of AI: Machine Learning - Learning
from experience
Components of AI: Machine Learning - Learning
from experience
Components of AI: Neural Network | Making
associations
•Neural networks is a subset of Machine Learning.
•Neural networks are computer systems modeled
after neural connections in the human brain.
•The artificial equivalent of a human neuron is a
perceptron.

For example: Facial Recognition, Google

Translate.
Components of AI: Neural Network - Making
associations
Components of AI: Neural Network - Making
associations
Components of AI: Deep Learning, Self-educating
machines
•Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that
employs artificial neural networks that learn by
processing data.
•Artificial neural networks mimic the biological neural
networks in the human brain.
•Multiple layers of artificial neural networks work
together to determine a single output from many inputs,
for example, identifying the image of a face from a
mosaic of tiles.
Components of AI: Cognitive Computing | Making
inferences from context
•Its purpose is to imitate and improve interaction between
humans and machines.
•Cognitive computing seeks to recreate the human
thought process in a computer model, in this case, by
understanding human language and the meaning of
images.
Components of AI: Cognitive Computing | Making
inferences from context
Components of AI: Natural Language Processing
(NLP) - Understanding the language

•Natural Language Processing or NLP, allows computers to

interpret, recognize, and produce human language and speech.
•The ultimate goal of NLP is to enable seamless interaction with
the machines we use every day by teaching systems to
understand human language in context and produce logical
responses.
Components of AI: Natural Language Processing
(NLP) - Understanding the language

•Examples of NLP include

Skype Translator, which
interprets the speech of multiple
languages in real-time to
facilitate communication
Components of AI: Computer Vision |
Understanding images
•Computer vision is a technique that implements deep
learning and pattern identification to interpret the content
of an image; including the graphs, tables, and pictures
within PDF documents, as well as, other text and video.
•Computer vision is an integral field of AI, enabling
computers to identify, process and interpret visual data.
Components of AI: Computer Vision |
Understanding images
Applications and Benefits of AI: Military
-Smart Bombs: Guided by remote control camera
systems Directed to intended target.

A few
moments later
Applications and Benefits of AI: Military
-Unmanned Drones: Military missions use missiles to fly
and hit assigned targets

-Decoding enemy secret codes: Extreme rapidity of

translating enemies languages
Applications and Benefits of AI: Industrial
-Machine vision inspection
system, cameras and
computers are placed on the
assembly line to identify
defects
Applications and Benefits of AI: Industrial
-Robotic systems: Use
computer automation and
mechanical equipment.

Take place of humans in

manufacturing of cars
Applications and Benefits of AI: Science
-Development of new drugs and
medicine: model clinical studies of
animals and humans.

-Remote control surgical

procedures: Surgeries can be
performed remotely more than half
way around the world.

-Advance weather forecast.

Applications and Benefits of AI: Business
-Macro: Computer mimics the programmer’s
actions.

-Advanced financial systems: Rapid and quick

analyzation of trends which allows for constant
investment decisions.

-Consumers: Personal computers-- computer

applications for voice and character recognition.
Applications and Benefits of AI: Business
-Games
Future of AI
Risks of AI
AI is programmed to do something devastating
Risks of AI
AI is programmed to do something beneficial, but it
develops a destructive method for achieving its goal.
Conclusion
•AI don’t require sleep, rest or getting entertained from
breaks, thus saving a lot of time for performing other
tasks.
•AI solves complex tasks and problem easily with more
precision which the humans don’t possess.
•AI is already more than equivalent to humans.
References
https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence

https://digitalwellbeing.org/artificial-intelligence-timeline-infographic-from-eliza-to-
tay-and-beyond/

https://www.innoplexus.com/blog/how-artificial-intelligence-works/

https://analyticstraining.com/why-will-artificial-intelligence-matter-in-the-near-futur
e/

https://www.cognex.com/en-il/what-is/machine-vision/what-is-machine-vision