Herpes Simpleks

Fitzpatrick’s
Dermatology in General Medicine 8th ed

dr. Elfa Wirdani Fitri, M.Kes, Sp.KK

• Clinical manifestations : mucocutaneous
infections
• HSV type 1 (HSV-1) being mostly associated
with orofacial disease
• HSV type 2 (HSV-2) is usually associated with
genital and perigenital infection
• Although most patients infected with HSV-1 or
HSV-2 are asymptomatic, they still can
transmit the virus.
• HSV infections can be divided into three
stages: (1) acute infection, (2) establishment
and maintenance of the latency, and (3)
reactivation of virus.
• HSV-1 reactivates most efficiently and
frequently from trigeminal ganglia, whereas
HSV-2 reactivates primarily from sacral
ganglia.
• Reactivation is induced in experimentally
infected animals by exposure to ultraviolet
irradiation, by hyperthermia, by local trauma,
and by other physiologic stressors.
• Herpetic gingivostomatitis and pharyngitis are
most commonly associated with a primary
HSV-1 infection
• Genital herpes is the major clinical
presentation of HSV-2 infection, but it may
also result from HSV-1 in 10%–40% of the
cases, primarily following oral– genital contact
• The rates of recurrence for genital HSV-2
infections vary greatly among individuals and
over time within the same individual.
• Infections caused by HSV-2 reactivate
approximately 16 times more frequently than
HSV-1 genital infections, and average 3–4
times per year, but may appear virtually
weekly