#4

PIECEWISE
FUNCTIONS
 What You Should Learn:
① I can graph any piecewise function.

② I can evaluate piecewise functions from

multiple representations.

③ I can distinguish between inclusive and

exclusive points.

④ I can write a piecewise function from

multiple representations.
 Graphing & Evaluating Piecewise
Functions – Day 1
Today’s objective:

① I can graph any piecewise function.

② I can evaluate piecewise functions

from multiple representations.

③ I can distinguish between inclusive

and exclusive points.
Definition of Piecewise

•Root word is Piece.

 Piecewise Functions: Graphically
•Piecewise Functions are Pieces of
different functions graphed together on
the same coordinate plane.

•Each of these Pieces is defined on a

different domain. (x intervals)

•Graphs are not continuous.

Examples of Piecewise Functions:
Graphically
 Piecewise Functions: Algebraically

•When functions are defined by more than

one equation, they are called piece-wise
defined functions.

•Each equation is a different Piece.

 Examples of Piecewise Functions:
Graphically
ì 2
ìï x + 2 x < 0 ï x x <2
( )
f x =í
ï
( )
f x =í 6 x =2
î 3x - 3 x > 0 ï - x +10 x > 2
î

ì
ï x +5 x £- 3
( )
f x =í
ï
î x + 3 +1 x >3
 For the following function

a) Find f(-1), f(1), f(3). b) Find the domain.

c) Sketch the graph.

 For the following function

a) f(-1) = -1 + 3 = 2

f(1) = 3

f(3) = -3 + 3 = 0.
b) Find the domain.

-2 -1 0 1

Domain of f(x): [-2, ∞)

c) Graph
c) Graph
Creating Piecewise Equations – Day 2

Today’s objective:

I can write a piecewise function

from multiple representations.
(From a Graph)
 Example 1:
Write the function for each graph.
ìï - x + 2 x< 0
f (x) =í
ï
î 3x - 3 x > 0
 Example 2:
Write the function for each graph.

ìï 2
x - 2 x<1
f (x) =í
ï
î - 2x + 4 x ³ 1
 Example 3:
Write the function for each graph.

ì | x +5 | x< - 3
ï
f (x) =í
ï
î x +3 +1 x >- 3
 Example 5:
Write the function for each graph.
ì 2
ï x x <0
f ( x) =í 2 0 £x £ 3
ï
î - x +4 x >3
Creating Piecewise Functions from
Real World Scenarios – Day 3

Today’s objective:

I can write a piecewise function

from multiple representations.
(From a Real World Scenario)
4-Step Problem Solving Process:

STEP 1: Understand the problem:

a) Read the entire problem.

b) Can you restate the problem ?

4-Step Problem Solving Process:
STEP 2: Devise a Plan:
a) Highlight any given information.

b) Eliminate any unnecessary info .

c) Define the variable using the

unknown info.

d) Relate the given info to the unknown

info with a formula or equation.
4-Step Problem Solving Process:
STEP 3: Execute the Plan:

a) Model the problem with the equation.

b) Solve the equation for the unknown.

c) Be sure to label the units.

4-Step Problem Solving Process:
STEP 4: Check Your Work:

a) Check the solution in the original

equation.

b) Does your answer make sense in the

context of the problem?
Example 1: Create a Piecewise Function
You go to Wal-Mart to buy some candy. You
decide to buy snickers because they have
a special deal on snickers. A bag of snickers
costs $3.45, but if you buy 4 or more bags,
they only cost $3.00per bag.

Create a piecewise function to represent the

cost of the bags of snickers.
Solution: Example 1
• b = number of bags of snickers
• C(b) = Cost of all bags of snickers purchased
• $3.45 = cost of a bag if less than 4 bags are
purchased
• $3.00 = cost of a bag if 4 or more bags are
purchased.
ìï 3.45x b < 4
f (b) =í
ï
î 3.00x b ³ 4
Example 2: Create a Piecewise Function
The Mad Hatter is ordering cups from Teacups,
Limited, for his tea party. The Teacups, Limited
catalog prices cups according to the number of
cups ordered. For orders of 20 or fewer cups, the
price is $1.40 per cup plus $12 shipping and
handling on the order. For orders of more than 20
cups, the price is $1.10 per cup plus $15 shipping
and handling.

a) Create a function to describe the price of

cups.
Example 2: Create a Piecewise Function
b) How much will it cost the Mad Hatter to
order 16 cups?

c) If the Mad Hatter wants to spend at most

$45, what is the maximum number of cups he
can order?
 Solution: Example 2
• c = the number of cups ordered
• P(c) = the price of all cups ordered
• $1.40 cost of each cup if 20 or less are ordered
• $12.00 shipping if 20 or less are ordered
• $1.10 cost of each cup if more than 20 are
ordered
• $15.00 shipping if more than 20 are ordered
ìï 1.40c +12 c £20 b) $34.40
a) f (c) =í
ï
î 1.10c +15 c > 20 c) 27 cups
 Example 3: Create a Piecewise Function
Every month your cell phone plan costs $75
and gives you unlimited talk, 500 text
messages, and no data plan. It costs $0.10
per text message sent in excess of the 500
that you are originally allotted.
 

a) Write a piecewise function to determine

the amount of your cell phone bill.
 

b) How much will it cost you if you send 750

text messages?
 Solution: Example 3
• $75 = monthly cost of cell phone bill
• $0.10 = cost of each text in excess of the plan’s
allotted 500.
• t = number of text messages sent
• T-500 = number of texts in excess of 500 allotted
• C(t) = Cost of your cell phone bill
ìï $75 t £500
a) C(t) =í b) $100
î 75+0.10(t - 500) t > 500
ï
Example 4: Create a Piecewise Function
A construction worker earns $17 per hour
for the first 40 hours of work and $25.50
per hour for work in excess of 40 hours.

a) Create a function to represent the

amount of her paycheck.

b) One week she earned $896.75. How much

overtime did she work?
 Solution: Example 4
• $17 = hourly pay: hours up to 40.
• $25.50 = hourly pay; hours in excess of 40
• h = # of hours worked
• h-40 =# hours worked in excess of 40
• P(h) = total amount of paycheck
ìï $17h h £40
a) P(h) =í Multiply17(40) =680
î 17(40) + 25.50(h - 40) h > 40
ï
ì
ï $17h h £ 40
P(h) =í Distribute 25.20
ï 680 + 25.50(h - 40) h > 40
î
ì
ï $17h h £ 40
P(h) =í Combine 680 - 1020 =- 460
ï
î 680 + 25.50h- 1020 h > 40
ì
ï $17h h £ 40
P(h) =í b) 8.5 overtime hours
ï
î - 340 + 25.50h h > 40
Example 5: Create a Piecewise Function
Southeast Electric charges $0.09 per
kilowatt-hour for the first 200 kWh. The
company charges $0.11 per kilowatt-hour for
all electrical usage in excess of 200 kWh.

a) Create a function to model this scenario.

b) How many kilowatt-hours were used if a

monthly electric bill was $57.06?
Solution: Example 5
• h = # kilowatt-hours
• C(h) = Cost of total kilowatt-hours
ìï $0.09h h £ 200
a) C(h) =í
ï
î - 4 +0.11h h > 200

b) 555.09 Kwh
YOU TRY: On Your Whiteboard!
Ex. 1: A city parking lot uses the following rules
to calculate parking fees:
① A flat rate of $5.00 for any amount of time
up to and including the first hour.

② A flat rate of $12.50 for any amount of time

over 1 hour and up to and including 2 hours.

③ A flat rate of $13 plus $3 per hour for each

hour after 2 hours.
Create a piecewise function to model the
parking fees.
YOU TRY: On Your Whiteboard!
Ex. 2: Your job pays you $8.50 an hour for
a normal 40 hour work week. If you work
over 40 hours then you get paid overtime,
at time and half (1.5 times your normal
rate) for anything over 40 hours, but you
are not allowed to work more than 20
overtime hours.
a) Create a function that models this
scenario.
b) How much would your paycheck be if you
worked 45 hours?
YOU TRY: On Your Whiteboard!
Ex. 3: Every month your cell phone plan
costs $230 and gives you unlimited talk,
text messages, and 2GB of data. Extra
data for each month is $15 per GB you go
over your allotted 2GB.

a)Write a piecewise function to represent

this situation.
YOU TRY: On Your Whiteboard!
Ex. 4: You are teaching tomorrow with an
activity and you want to use candy to
motivate your students. You go to Fred’s
Food Club and they have a special going on
for blow pops. For 2 or less bags it cost
$4.35 for each bag, but if you buy more
than 2 bags you get the special price of
$3.25 per bag.

a) Write a piecewise function to represent

this situation.
YOU TRY: On Your Whiteboard!
Ex. 5: Greenville Utilities charges a basic
customer charge of $10.99 and $0.1260
per kWh for 400kWh or less. If you go
over 400kWh you will then pay $0.1151 per
kWh for all kWh in excess of the original
400KWh.

a) Write a piecewise function to represent

this situation.