FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL SYSTEM

ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

WELCOME
 FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL SYSTEM
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

Presented by
K.SASIKANTH S.PHANI SURESH K.SIVA SANDEEP
OF
B.TECH III YEAR
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE STREAM
GODAVARI INSTITUTE OF ENGG &TECHNOLOGY
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Introduction

 Fuzzy logic is best suited for control applications

 The ability to embed imprecise human reasoning and complex problems
is the criterion by which the efficiency of fuzzy logic is judged.
 Fuzziness describes the ambiguity of an event. But not the uncertainty
in the randomness
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Complexity of a System vs. Precision in the System model
 With little complexity, hence little uncertainty, closed-form mathematical
expressions provide precise descriptions of the systems.
 In little more complex systems as artificial neural networks, provide a powerful
and robust means to reduce some uncertainty through learning,.
 the most complex systems possess imprecise information where fuzzy reasoning
allows us to interpolate approximately between observed I/P & O/P situations.
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Fuzzy Set vs. Crisp Set

 A classical set is defined by crisp boundaries.

 A fuzzy set, on the other hand, is prescribed by
ambiguous properties resulting in ambiguous
boundaries
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Membership Function & it’s features

 characterizes the fuzziness in a fuzzy set

 whether the elements in the set are discrete or continuous - in a
graphical form for eventual use in the mathematical formalisms of
fuzzy set theory.

 The core of a membership function  (x)

= 1.
 The support is given by  A(x) > 0.
 Boundaries are given by 0 < A (x) < 1.
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Fuzzification

 Fuzzification is the process of making a crisp quantity fuzzy.

 They carry considerable uncertainty.
 If the form of uncertainty arises because of imprecision or
fuzziness, it can be represented by a membership function.
 institution method is used for fuzzification of the input variables.
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Defuzzification
Defuzzification is the conversion of a fuzzy quantity to a precise
quantity.
Defuzzification techniques :
1. Max - Membership Principle:
known as height method is limited to peaked output junctions. Given
by
c (Z*)   (Z) for all z  C
2. Centroid Method:
also called center of area, center of gravity given by
 μ C(Z).zdz
~
Z* =  μ C(Z)dz
~
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3. Weighted Average Method:

 It’s valid for symmetrical O/P membership function. Given by
Z* =  μ c~ (z).z where  denotes an algebraic sum.
 μ c( z )
~

4. Means-Max Membership: ( middle of maxima )

 The MAX membership can be a plateau rather than a single point.
Given by

Z* = a  b
2
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Fuzzy logic control system
 Obstacle Sensor Unit
Sensing Distance:
 The sensing distance depends upon the speed of the car. speed can
be controlled by gradual anti skid braking system.

 Input Membership Function:

 Output Membership Function:

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The defuzzified values are obtained and the variation of speed

with sensing distance is plotted as a surface graph using mat lab
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Speed Control
 The speed of the car is controlled according to the angle subtended by
the obstacle.
 if the obstacle subtends an angle less than 60, the car overcomes it &
speed 
 1. Speed breaker

 2. Fly over
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 Obstacles which the car

cannot overcome
 The angle is taken as the i/p &
the o/p speed is controlled.
 Input - Membership Function:
 Output - Membership
Function:
 The rules are applicable not
only for obstacles that have
elevation but also depression
like a small pit, subway, etc.
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Using matlab the surface graph relating the speed and angle
is obtained.
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Simulation Results
Some of the sample readings obtained from the mat lab simulations are
shown:
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Conclusion

 An automated accident prevention system is necessary to prevent

accidents.
 The fuzzy logic control system can relieve the driver from tension &
prevents accidents.
 This fuzzy control unit results in an accident free world.
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AN ACCIDENT FREE WORLD

THANK YOU
FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL SYSTEM
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Any Questions???