Language choice in multilingual communities

Choosing your variety or code

 Diglossia
 Code-switching or code-
mixing
 Choosing your variety or code

In sociolinguistics,  a language may be referred to as

a code. A code is a neutral term which can be used
to denote a language or a variety of language

Code choice >>> participants , setting, topic, status

relationship , social distance , function, formality
 Diglossia

diglossia is a situation in which two distinct varieties of a

language  are spoken within the same  speech community
 there is a high ( H) variety and the other a low ( L )
variety

(H) is usually the written language whereas (L) is the

spoken language. In formal situations, (H) is used; in
informal situations, (L) is used. Sometimes, (H) is used
in informal situations and as spoken language when
speakers of 2 different (L) languages and dialects or more
communicate each other
*changing
event from
one code to
another.
*using
more than
one
language or
variety in
conversatio Code-switching
n
 For example

at first someone uses Indonesian language, and

then he/she switches into Javanese
In the class, when the teacher teach a
foreign language code switching also become
strategies learning in order to develop the students
skill in English language. In the beginning of
meeting the teacher use target language when
they explain the material and then they
switch again into Indonesia to make sure
understood for the students
 Kinds of code switching

Internal Code-Switching External Code-Switching

If the code-switching If code-switching

occurs among regional occurs among native
languages in one language and foreign
national language, or language
among dialects in one
regional language, or
among some styles in
one dialect
The use of
two or more
language by
putting
in/inserting
linguistic
elements in
one language
into other
language code-mixing
consistently.
 example

have you done your tugas, hasan? Yes sir, saya sudah
kerjakan my tugas.”
 Maaf sir, kemarin I was sick.
 What happen aya naon?
Is it code switching or code mixing ?
Thank you 