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XOR, XNOR, and Binary Adders: © 2014 Project Lead The Way, Inc. Digital Electronics
XOR, XNOR, and Binary Adders: © 2014 Project Lead The Way, Inc. Digital Electronics
X
Z XY XY XY
Y
X Y Z
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
3
XNOR Gate – Exclusive NOR
X
Z X Y XY XY
Y
X Y Z
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
4
Logic Design with XOR & XNOR
Example
Algebraically manipulate the logic expression for F1 so
that XOR and XNOR gates can be used to implement
the function. Other AOI gates can be used as needed.
F1 X Y Z X Y Z X Y Z X Y Z
5
Logic Design with XOR & XNOR
Solution
F1 X Y Z X Y Z X Y Z X Y Z
F1 Z X Y X Y Y X Z X Z
F1 Z X Y Y X Z
6
Binary Addition
Single Bit Addition: Carry
1
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 1 10
3 0011 0 B
Sum
9 1001 0
7
Two Types of Adders
A
A Sum Sum
Half Adder B Full Adder
B Cout Cout
Cin
8
Half Adder – Design
A B Sum Cout
0 0 0 0 Sum A B A B A B
0 1 1 0
1 0 1 0 Cout A B
1 1 0 1
9
Half Adder - Circuit
10
Full Adder – Design of Cout
0 0 0 0 0 AB 0 0
0 0 1 1 0
AB 0 1 B Cin
0 1 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 1 AB 1 1
1 0 0 1 0 AB
AB 0 1 A Cin
1 0 1 0 1
1 1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 Cout A B B Cin A Cin
11
Full Adder – Design of Sum
0 0 0 0 0 AB 0 1
0 0 1 1 0
AB 1 0
0 1 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 1 AB 0 1
1 0 0 1 0
AB 1 0
1 0 1 0 1
1 1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 Sum A B Cin A B Cin A B Cin A B Cin
Sum A B CIN B CIN A B CIN B CIN
Sum A B CIN A B CIN
Let K B CIN and substitute
Sum A K A K
Sum A K
Re placing B CIN for K
Sum A B CIN
13
Full Adder - Circuit
Sum A B CIN
Cout A B B Cin A Cin
14
Full Adder: AOI vs. XOR
15
MSI Full Adder
16
Cascading Adders – Four Bits
0110
0011 Example: 6 + 3 = 9
100 1
General Form
B 3 B 2 B1 B 0
S 3 S 2 S1 S 0 17
Four Bit Adder with SSI Logic
Full Adder
Full Adder
Full Adder
Half Adder 18
Four Bit Adder with MSI Logic
Full Adder
Full Adder
Full Adder
Full Adder
19