AR BU 1 L&S

Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio

 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. PLUMBING FIXTURES
A plumbing fixture is device or vessel that is
permanently or temporarily installed in a commercial
facility, residence, hospital, school etc. and maybe
connected to the potable water system. That device
discharges used water and suspended solids into the
facility sewer line. Not all plumbing fixtures have a
water connection but all must be able to remove
drainage away from the device via the sanitary
system.  Most times you can use the water that is
supplied to the fixture for drinking, bathing, cooking
etc.
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
DEFINITION OF TERMS
2. WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
From a portion of a water distribution system up to the
service points of bulk water consumers or demand nodes
that many consumers are lumped up together.
World Health Organization (WHO) uses the term water
transmission system for a network of pipes, generally in
tree-like structure that is used to convey water from
water treatment plants to service reservoirs, and uses the
term water distribution system for a network of pipes that
generally has a loop structure to supply water from the
service reservoirs and balancing reservoirs to water
consumers
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
DEFINITION OF TERMS

3. WATER MAIN
Pipelines laid within public right of
way called water mains are used to transport
water within a distribution system.
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
DEFINITION OF TERMS
4. WATER TREATMENT PROCESS
  Is any process that improves the quality of water to
make it more acceptable for a specific end-use. The end
use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation,
river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other
uses, including being safely returned to the environment.
Water treatment removes contaminants and
undesirable components, or reduces their concentration
so that the water becomes fit for its desired end-use. This
treatment is crucial to human health and allows humans
to benefit from both drinking and irrigation use.
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
DEFINITION OF TERMS
5. Drainage system (two types)
1. Waste water is from showers, basins, kitchen sinks,
washing machines, and the like.   This is also called
grey water.  Normally a minimum of 75 mm dia. pipes
are used for drainage of waste water.
2. Soil water or sewage is from WCs and urinals.  This
is also called black water.  Minimum of 100 mm
diameter pipes are used for waste water.  When run
horizontally, soil water pipes should be run at a
steeper slope, such as 1:40, as they have solids. 
These can be of cast iron or of PVC.
 
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
DEFINITION OF TERMS
6. WATER SOURCES
Community water systems obtain water
from two sources: surface water and ground
water. People use surface and ground water
every day for a variety of purposes, including
drinking, cooking, and basic hygiene, in
addition to recreational, agricultural, and
industrial activities.
 
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
DEFINITION OF TERMS
7. NATURAL WATER CYCLE (3 MAJOR STAGES)
The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic
cycle or the hydrological cycle, describes the
continuous movement of water on, above and below
the surface of the Earth.
3 MAJOR STAGES :
1. EVAPORATION
2. CONDENSATION
3. PRECIPITATION

 
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
DEFINITION OF TERMS
8. WELLS
A well is an excavation or structure created in the
ground by digging, driving, or drilling to
access liquid resources, usually water.
The oldest and most common kind of well is a
water well, to access groundwater in
underground aquifers. The well water is drawn up by
a pump, or using containers, such as buckets, that are
raised mechanically or by hand.
Water can also be injected back into the
aquifer through the well.

 
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
DEFINITION OF TERMS
9. USES OF WATER

1. NOURISHMENT
2. CLEANSING AND HYGIENE
3. CEREMONIAL USES
4. TRANSPORTATIONAL USES
5. COOLING MEDIUM
6. ORNAMENTAL ELEMENT
7. PROTECTIVE USES

 
 AR BU 1 L&S
Building Utilities 1 – Lecture and Studio
DEFINITION OF TERMS
10. DISPOSAL OF WATER
Regardless of the type of property, any waste
water produced will need to be disposed of in
an approved manner. Disposing of waste water
other than rainwater in a stormwater drain is
not permitted.
For most properties this will mean connecting
to the Water Corporation’s reticulated sewerage
system. In areas where reticulated sewerage is
not available, onsite effluent disposal is
required.