DEFINATION

Human communication is the process of creating a

meaning between two or more people.
Human communication is unique
because of our ability to create and use
symbols. Words themselves do not
contain meanings. Haney's "Container
Fallacy" states that it is a fallacy to
believe that meanings are contained in
words.
Encoding
The cognitive thinking process of transforming ideas
and feelings into symbols and organizing them into a
message is called encoding a message.
When a message is being met with puzzled frowns
,you may want to re select expressions that better
convey the meaning, this process is called encoding.
The encoding process becomes difficult when verbal
and nonverbal cues conflict. Someone says’ I am very
interested', but at the same time yawns and looks away.
Channels
Types of Communication Channels
1. On phones 1. air waves via phone
communication- towers
2. Face-to-face 2. sensory organs

communication- 3. e-mail messages, news-

letters ,bulletin boards,
3. Organizational
printed memoranda
Communication- ,annual reports etc.
4. Mass communication- 4. newspaper ,films ,radio,
television, and the
internet
INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION
Communicated message is not just about
the speakers intention but about how the
message is received
There is a difference between
information pollution and communication
Information overload negatively effects
health
Interference
Interference or noise –that is anything that distorts the
information transmitted to the receiver or distracts him
or her from receiving it.
Types of interference
Technical Interference: It refers to the factors that
cause the receiver to perceive distortion in the intended
information or stimuli .The sender may create the
distortion.
Semantic Interference: This occurs when the receiver
does not attribute the same meaning to the signal that
the sender does. Semantic noises are the unintended
meanings aroused by certain symbols hindering the
accuracy of decoding. If a friend describes a forty-
year-old secretary as ‘the girl in the office 'and you
think 'girl’ is an odd and condescending term for a
forty year old woman, you might not hear the rest of
what your friend has to say. Use of profanity and
vulgar speech can have the same effect
Internal noises :thoughts and feelings that interfere
with the communication process. Tuning out of a
conversation into a daydream.
External Noises: sights and sounds and other stimuli
that draw peoples attention away from what is being
said
Communicator 2 Receiver/Sender
Listening: From listening comes wisdom, from
speaking comes repentance.
Listening/hearing
While listening four different processes occur:
attention, hearing, understanding, and remembering.
Both communicators change as a result of the
communication
Decoding
The process of transforming messages from another person,
back into one’s own ideas and feelings is called decoding.

You may become aware of the decoding process when you

must figure out the meaning of an unfamiliar word based
on its use in a particular sentence for example. The café is a
favorite rendezvous for artists.

"Understanding" refers to
accurate reception of the content of the message.
.
Feedback
Feedback is the return to you of behavior you have
generated.
Feedback can be verbal or nonverbal reaction or
response
It can be external(something we can se) or internal like
self examination
It is the feedback that allows the communicator to
adjust his message and be more effective
Feedback does not function to deny behavior.