GOVERNMENT

WHAT IS IT?
GOVERNMENT

 The structure or form of organization that manages the different

functions in the society
 Governance

 The act or process of managing, controlling and directing the

affairs of a country.
Government Officials

 People elected and/or appointed in the government

 Also called administrators
 Political Ideologies
and Forms of Government

Ideologies are political beliefs that shape the form of government and style of
administration in a country.
Anarchism

 A totally free society without any law or government

Aristocracy

 The authority to govern is exercised by a small group of people

belonging to the nobility.
Totalitarianism

 a country is ruled by one authority that does not allow for any opposition in words or
actions
 the state’s power is unlimited and controls virtually all aspects of public and private life
Democracy

 a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people.

 “government of the people, government by the people, and government for the
people”
 There are two forms of democracy :
a. Presidential form
b. Parliamentary form
Democracy: Presidential Form

 There is a strict separation of the three branches of government; executive

(carries out the law), legislative (makes the law) and judicial (evaluates the
law)
 The president is the chief political leader
Democracy: Parliamentary Form

 There is a fusion power between the executive and

legislative branches of government.
 The prime minister, while being the head of executive
branch, is also a member of the parliament.
Dictatorship

 a form of government in which the leader of the country holds absolute

power and authority; often acquired by using force, most often through
military power.
 Monarchy

 a country is ruled by a monarch or

king or a queen, or a person who has
the right to rule by birth.
 The monarch – usually called king
or queen, emperor or empress,
sultan, czar or Kaiser.
 Primogeniture – the principle
wherein the monarch is a male and
the first-born child of the reigning
monarch
Federalism

 the power of the government is

divided between the national
or central authority and the
smaller territorial units of
states and provinces.
Oligarchy

 a country is ruled by a
small, exclusive group,
usually for its own interest
only.
Republic

 the people have direct participation in the public or governmental affairs

Section 1. The Philippines is a democratic and republican State. Sovereignty resides in

the people and all government authority emanates from them.
 Communism

 a political ideology
advocating community
ownership of all property
Socialism

 a system where the production and distribution of good is done collectively by

society or a centralized government, not by private individuals.