MATHSWATCH CLIP

151, 175, 204

01/23/2021 Tree diagrams GRADE
4, 5, 7
L.O. To be able to
 Complete a tree diagram to show probabilities
 Use a tree diagram to calculate the probability of certain outcomes
 Complete and use tree diagrams in situations which involve non-replacement
 Draw and use a tree diagram for a given worded problem
Key Words
probability, and, or, at least, total, independent, dependent, replacement, non-replacement

Starter
 MATHSWATCH CLIP
151, 175, 204
01/23/2021 Tree diagrams GRADE
4, 5, 7

WITH REPLACEMENT
 MATHSWATCH CLIP
151, 175, 204
01/23/2021 Tree diagrams GRADE
4, 5, 7
Tree diagrams
 Help you to solve probability problems where one thing is
happening after another (after another…)
 For example
 picking two or more items out from a selection
 playing two or more different games
 considering whether something will happen on two or
more different days, etc.
 You can use fractions or decimals to show the probabilities
in a tree diagram
 We are going to look at INDEPENDENT events first
 MATHSWATCH CLIP
151, 175, 204
01/23/2021 Tree diagrams GRADE
4, 5, 7

The following situation can be represented by a tree diagram.

Peter has ten coloured cubes in a bag. Three of the cubes are red and seven are blue.
He removes a cube at random from the bag and notes the colour before replacing it. He
then chooses a second cube at random. Record the information in a tree diagram.

Second Choice
First Choice
3
10 red
3 red
10 7
10 blue

3
7 10 red
10
blue
7
10 blue
 MATHSWATCH CLIP
151, 175, 204
01/23/2021 Tree diagrams GRADE
4, 5, 7
Characteristics of a tree diagram…
Second Choice
First Choice
3 3 3 9
10 red P(red and red) = x 
10 10 100
3 red
10 7 3 7 21
10 blue P(red and blue) = x 
10 10 100

3 7 3 21
7 10 red P(blue and red) = x 
10 10 100
10
blue
7 7 7 49
blue P(blue and blue) = x 
The probabilities 10 10 10 100
for each event are
shown along the
arm of each Ends of first and
branch and they Probabilities are
second level
sum to 1. multiplied along
branches show the
each arm.
different outcomes.
 MATHSWATCH CLIP
151, 175, 204
01/23/2021 Tree diagrams GRADE
4, 5, 7
Question 1 Rebecca has nine coloured beads in a bag. Four of the beads are black and
the rest are green. She removes a bead at random from the bag and notes the colour
before replacing it. She then chooses a second bead. (a) Draw a tree diagram showing
all possible outcomes. (b) Calculate the probability that Rebecca chooses: (i) 2 green
beads (ii) A black followed by a green bead.

Second Choice
First Choice 4
9 black
4 black
9 5 4 5 20
9 green P(black and green) = x 
9 9 81

4
9 black
5
9
green
5 5 5 25
9 green P(green and green) = x 
9 9 81
 MATHSWATCH CLIP
151, 175, 204
01/23/2021 Tree diagrams GRADE
4, 5, 7
Question 3 Peter and Becky run a race and play a tennis match. The probability that
Peter wins the race is 0.4. The probability that Becky wins the tennis is 0.7.
(a) Complete the tree diagram below.
(b) Use your tree diagram to calculate (i) the probability that Peter wins both events (ii)
The probability that the race and the game are won by different people

Tennis
Race
0.3 Peter 0.4 x 0.3 = 0.12
Peter Win
0.4 Win
0.7
Becky 0.4 x 0.7 = 0.28
Win

0.3 Peter 0.6 x 0.3 = 0.18

0.6 Win
Becky
Win 0.7 Becky
Win
 MATHSWATCH CLIP
151, 175, 204
01/23/2021 Tree diagrams GRADE
4, 5, 7

In order to start a board game a player must roll two

sixes in a row. What is the probability of rolling 2 sixes?
Roll 1 Roll 2 Outcomes Probability
Put the
  1  11 𝟏
probabilities on 6 6, 6 × =
each branch 6 6 6 𝟑𝟔

  1 6
6   5 not 6
We have 2
options: 6 and
6
“not 6”; so 2   1 6
“branches” 6
  5
6 not 6
 
Answer:   5
not 6
6
 MATHSWATCH CLIP
151, 175, 204
01/23/2021 Tree diagrams GRADE
4, 5, 7
I have a 2 square spinners with the numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4 on. What
is the probability that I get exactly one three when I spin both?

Spin 1 Spin 2 Outcomes Probability

  1 3
4

  1 3
4   3  13 𝟑
not 3 3, not 3 × =
4 4 4 𝟏𝟔

  1  31 𝟑
3 not 3, 3 × =
4 4 4 𝟏𝟔
  3
4 not 3
 
Answer:   3
not 3
4
 MATHSWATCH CLIP
151, 175, 204
01/23/2021 Tree diagrams GRADE
4, 5, 7
Tree diagrams
 Each time the tree splits, the probabilities of those
branches need to add up to 1
 To answer questions from the tree diagram
 Decide which “routes” will solve the problem
 MULTIPLY the probabilities along the branches as you
follow each route, writing the answer at the end of
that route
 ADD together the probabilities of the correct routes