CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY

AND ENVIRONMENTAL
HEALTH.
O Community
is defined as a sociological
group in a large place sharing one
environment.
It includes the individual and the
family.
O Community health
 is the art and science of maintaining,
protecting and improving the health of all the
members of the community through organized
and sustained community efforts.
O Environmental Health
comprises those aspects of human health
that are determined by physical, chemical,
biological, social and psychosocial factors in
the surrounding environment.
O Characteristics of a Healthy Community
O 1. A clean and safe physical environment.
2. An environment that meets everyone’s basic needs.
3. An environment that promotes social harmony and actively
involves everyone.
4. An understanding of local health and environment issues.
5. A community that participates in identifying local solutions
to local problems.
6. A community whose members have access to varied
experiences, means of interaction and communication.
7. Accessible and appropriate health services and facilities.
8. The promotion and celebration of historical and cultural
heritage.
9. A diverse and innovative economy.
10.A sustainable use of available resources for all.
O Health care services and Functions
O Maternal Health Care
Pre-natal, Natal,
Post-natal
O Child Health Care
Immunizations,
Control of Diarrheal diseases
O Nutrition Program
Operation Timbang,
Food Supplementation
O Population and Family Planning Program
Free Family Planning
O Control of Communicable Diseases
Tuberculosis control program
O Environmental Sanitation Program
Inspection of food establishments
O Control on non-communicable diseases
Blood pressure screening
O Dental Health Program
O Tooth Extraction
O Reproductive Health Care
Counseling on Family Planning and RH
O Medical Morbidity Clinic
Provision of free medicines
O National Voluntary
Blood Services Blood-letting activities at
barangay level
O Epidemiology and Surveillance Program
Controlling outbreaks
O Disaster Management Preparedness Program
Medical services/assistance during disaster
O Mental Hygiene
Adolescent counseling centers
O Pharmacy Services
Distribution of medicines to all health centers
O Perennial Community Health Problems
O Community health problems
O Peace and Order
O Water supply
O Human Disposal
O Food Sanitation
O Drug Abuse prevention & control in the community
O Disease control
O Human Excreta and Sewage
O Refuse > are the dump, food waste or discarded materials.
30. Rubbish Night Soil
O Proper Waste Management
1. Storage > involves putting of waste
in a container with a cover.
2. Collection > is the procedure of
gathering wastes for disposal.
3. Disposal of wastes > another
important procedure in proper waste
management.
End
 FIRST AID
O FIRST - preceding all others in time or order
AID- to provide with what is useful or
necessary
O FIRST AID is an immediate care given to a
person who has been injured or suddenly taken
ill. It includes self-help and home care if
medical assistance is not available or delayed.
(Merriam and Webster Dictionary) (Philippine
National Red Cross)
O Goals of First Aid
ALLEVIATE SUFFERING
PREVENT FURTHER INJURY or DANGER
PROLONG LIFE
O One of the main objectives is to be able to
help to reduce or totally alleviate suffering
also sometimes called prevent the condition
from worsening, or danger of further injury
first aid measures aim to preserve and sustain
life. Also to save the victim from imminent
danger.
O Characteristics of a Good First Aider
O GENTLE - First aider should not cause, inflict pain as
much as possible Reference: Philippine National Red
Cross
O RESOURCEFUL - Makes the best use of things at
hand Characteristics of a Good First Aider Reference:
Philippine National Red Cross
O OBSERVANT - Should notice all signs. Aware of
what is happening and what may happen.
Characteristics of a Good First Aider Reference:
Philippine National Red Cross
O TACTFUL - Handling the victim with utmost care
and in a calm manner. Characteristics of a Good First
Aider Reference: Philippine National Red Cross
OEMPHATIC - Should be
comforting.
ORESPECTABLE - Maintains a
professional and caring
attitude
O GENERAL GUIDELINES IN
ADMINISTERING FIRST AID
O 1. Planning of Action – Established based on
anticipated needs and available resources.
• Example: Getting to know where the First Aid
Kits are located as well as other emergency
equipment such as fire extinguishers, fire alarm
switches and fire exits. Also by being aware of
the emergency numbers such as Ambulance
providers, Hospital emergency room, Fire
department and police stations. Getting Started
O 2. Gathering of needed materials – Preparation of
equipment and personnel.
O SAFETY FIRST!
O • SURVEY THE SCENE
– Is the scene safe? Safe for you and the
injured person?
– What happened? – How many people are
injured?
– Are there someone who can help?
– Get consent before giving first aid care.
O CARDIO – PULMONARY
RESUSCITATION (CPR)
O Cardio – Pulmonary Resuscitation
• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is
a lifesaving technique useful in many
emergencies, including heart attack or near
drowning, in which someone's breathing or
heartbeat has stopped.
• This is a combination of chest
compressions and rescue breaths.
Resources: http://www.mayoclinic.org/first-
aid/first-aid-cpr/basics/art-20056600
Philippine National Red Cross
O STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE ON ADMINISTERING CPR
O Survey The Scene
• Is the scene safe for you and the victim?
• Is there someone who can help? If the scene is secure for
you to perform first aid, kindly proceed by introducing your
self and asking if you can help. - this enables you to gain the
trust of the victim as well as the people around the scene.
O Primary Survey
CABC
O CONSCIOUSNESS
O AIRWAYS
O BREATHING
O CIRCULATION
O CPR Cycles
• 5 cycles composed of:
Cycle 1 - 30 compressions - 2 rescue breaths
Cycle
2 - 30 compressions - 2 rescue breaths And
so on and so forth until the 5th cycle.
O • Re assess the victim after 5 cycles using the
primary survey. CPR Cycles C A B C
CONSCIOUSNESS AIRWAYS BREATHING
CIRCULATION
O When to STOP the CPR
Spontaneous signs of circulation restored
Turned over to medical services or authorized
personnel
Operator is already exhausted and cannot continue
CPR
Physician assumes the responsibility
O Care of the Victim After Successful CPR
• Transfer in a secured place.
• Place in a side lying position - Recovery
position.
O • Wait for the emergency response unit and
continuously monitor the victim.