More Rebellions in Luzon

The succeeding rebellions mainly Luzon were clearly economic in nature.

By the 1700s, friar states and hacienda system had dramatically expanded by
the galleon trade for agricultural products.
The violent uprisings in 1702 in Tondo, Binan, Laguna and Silang, Cavite
were due the loss of pasture lands and lands for agriculture.
Diego and Gabriella Silang- led a widespread revolt in Ilocos Sur
1807, the Basi revolt in Ilocos Norte erupted due the issue of government
monopoly
 Resistance in the Interior and Mountains Parts
-rich in golds, forest products and trees for logs or lumber. Tribal communities
led by Maingel a warrior leader and expert in headhunting.
-headhunting or “pangangayao” expeditions for the lumads (another term for
those who remained non-Christian and non-Muslim long after the
colonization).
The Moro Wars in the South
-longest and bloodiest attempt by the Spaniards was the colonization and
Christianization of the muslim in the sounthern islands of Mindanao.
MOROS- the term used by the Spaniards to the Muslims.
Manila- year 1571-1572 could hardly be called a Muslim Kingdom
-Succeeding the military expedition by the Spaniards directed at Sulu and
Maguindanao
-Sultan Kudarat, Maguindanao and Sulu united as a confederacy (1638-1671)
this event forced the Spaniards to finally withdraw from the place and focused
in Luzon.
Slave or “bihag”
By 1716 to 1747, Spain came back in steamboats equipped with more powerful
cannons.
Moro leadership finally entered into a treaty with Governor-General
Urbiztondo in 1851.
Muslim remained sovereign, historian offer the following reason:
1.The Spanish force to lacked the number and military capacity to break through the
moros(defense forts).
2.Mindanao is far from Manila, the center of power and governance
3. The Spaniards were more preoccupied in several fronts
4. Islam provides the Spaniards an identifiable enemy called “Moros”
REASONS FOR THE GENERAL FAILURE OF THE REVOLTS
First- the Spaniards possessed superior weapons
Second- people remain divided and lack of unity
Third- the giving of positions of power
Last factor, the lack of a concept of a nation that was most significant and the
hardest one to come by.
THE CHINESE PRESENCE
The Chinese appeared to the most constant and steady visitors, most of them
coming in from Canton.
To the Spaniards the Chinese were Sangleys which meant “traders who came
and went”with no intense of quest and colonization
Limahong- Chinese commander