Introduction,Definition,Need for orthodontic

care and Aims &Objectives of orthodontics

BDS 3rd year
Dr. Gyan P. Singh,
Deptt. Of Orthodontics&Dentofacial Orthopaedics
04/08/2014 ( 12-1 PM)
C.P. Govila Auditorium,
 DERIVATION OF TERM

 ORTHODONTICS = Greek word =

ORTHOS + ODONTOS + ICS

right or tooth science

correct

 Term coined = LE FOULON

(1839) (French man)
In 1922, the British Society for Study
of Orthodontics has defined the
specialty as
“Orthodontics”
includes study of growth and
development of jaws and face
particularly, and body generally as
influencing position of teeth;
study of action and reaction of
internal and external influences on
the development ;
prevention and correction of arrested
and perverted development”
 Blessed are those who bring
a wonderful smile, for they
shall be called Orthodontist.

 To perceive an attractive smile is no longer a luxury

but rather a necessity in lifestyle & the changing
orthodontic scenario says it all.
 Intraoral Photographs (Pretreatment)

U.Occlusal
Frontal

R.Lateral L.Lateral

L.Occlusal

5
U/L Study models Lateral cephalogram

6
Orthopantomogram
 ( I/o Photos)

Frontal Frontal
I N I T I A L

F I N A L
R.Lateral R.Lateral

L.Lateral L.Lateral 7
 ( I/o Photos)

U.Occlusal U.Occlusal
I N I T IA L FIN A L
L.Occlusal L.Occlusal

8
 Intra oral photographs(Final Stage)

U.Occlusal

L.Lateral Frontal R.Lateral

L.Occlusal
9
Extra oral photographs(Final
stage)

Frontal Smiling

oblique

R.Lateral
L.Lateral 10
Need and demand of orthodontic Treatment

Protruding,irregular,or maloccluded teeth can

cause tree types of problems of the patients.

• Discrimination because of facial appearance.

• Problems with oral function,muscle
incoordination or pain,temporomandibular
joint dysfunction and problems with
mastication,swallowing or speech.

• Greater suscepptibility to trauma,periodontal

disease,or tooth decay.
Psychosocial Problems-
Well –aligned teeth and a pleasing smile
carry positive status at all social levels

Appearance can and does make a difference in

Teacher’s expectations and therefore student
progress in school,in employability,and in
competition for a mate.

Individual’s self –esteem( how positively or

negatively the person feels about himself)
P R E-T R E A T M E N T

Facial appearance
of the patient
following
treatment after
1Yrs and 9
months

P O S T -T R E A T M E N T 14
Oral Function- A severe malocclusion may
compromise all aspects of oral functions.

Chewing is less efficient in malocclusion-more effort

to chew or less well masticated food before
swallowing.

Even minor imperfections-trigger clenching and

grinding activities-facial muscle pain.

Relationship to injury and Dental diseases-

In Class II Div .1 malocclusion cases.
 Case-3
H.A.
14 Yrs/Male

16
Case-4 -S. Y.; 7.5 yrs /M

17
Demand for orthodontic Treatment-
•Lack of awareness
•Social and cultural conditions-Urban > Rural
•Family income
•Higher the aspirations for a child-More likely the
parent is to seek orthodontic treatment.
 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES IN
ORTHODONTICS

Summarized as JACKSON’S TRIAD

Functional Structural Esthetic

Efficiency balance harmony
A) FUNCTIONAL EFFICIENCY-
Aim is to improve the function of oro-facial
apparatus , as malocclusion causes –

• Improper deglutition

• Defects in speech

• Improper respiration
B) STRUCTURAL BALANCE-

Aim to improve the function between the alveolar

system, skeletal & soft tissue as malalignment
causes-

• Difficulty in maintenance of oral hygiene

• Traumatic occlusion- periodontal tissue damage.

• Proclination of teeth - injury by accident.

• TMJ problems like pain & dysjunction.

C) ESTHETIC HARMONY-

Aim to improve the appearance of teeth & face as

malocclusion causes-

• Poor facial appearance

• Patient is self conscious

• Psychological disturbances.
 BRANCHES OF ORTHODONTICS

Preventive Interceptive Corrective Surgical

MCQ:
1.Orthodontics is the branch of Dentistry deals with
(A)Gingiva
(B)Restorative material
(C)Irregularity of the dentition
(D)None of the above

2. Most of the patients seeking Orthodontic Treatment because of

(A)Periodontal problems
(B)Caries
(C)Body weight
(D)Esthetic concern
3.Trauma to the dentition is common in
(A)Class I malocclusion
(B)Class II Div.1 malocclusion
(C)Class II Div. 2 malocclusion
(D)Class III malocclusion

4. Orthodontics is the science study the relationship of

(A)Occlusion
(B)Facial esthetics
(C) Skeletal system of the jaws
(D) All of the above
5.Self esteem is the
(A)Fear of Treatment
(B)Moral value
(C)Well being of the individual
(D)None of the above

6. The obstacle to avail orthodontic treatment

(A)Lack of awareness
(B)Low economical condition
(C)Negligence of the problems
(D)All of the above
7.The aim and objectives of the orthodontics
(A)Functional efficiency
(B)Esthetic harmony
(C)Structural balance
(D)All of the above

8. The branches of the orthodontics

(A)Preventive orthodontics
(B)Surgical orthodontics
(C)Corrective orthodontics
(D)All of the above
9.Malocclusion affects the
(A)Chewing capacity
(B)May cause muscle pain of the jaws
(C)Unpleasing profile of the face
(D) All of the above

10. Structural components of the face involves

(A)Dento -alveolar
(B)Skeletal
(C)Soft tissues
(D)All of the above