SECONDARY 3

IGCSE MATHEMATICS
BC is an equilateral triangle of side 8 cm. With the
vertices A, B and C as centres, arcs of radius 4 cm are
drawn to cut the sides of the triangle at P, Q and R. The
shape formed by the arcs is shaded.
  

(i) Calculate the perimeter of the shaded shape.

Give your answer correct to 1 decimal place.
   
(ii) Work out the area of the shaded region.
Give your answer in 2 decimal places.
 Arc Length and Area
of Sector using Radian
Measure

Chapter 8. 4
 Arc Length
 
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡 h 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝑟𝑐 ∠ 𝐴𝑂𝐵
=
𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 360 °
 
i.e . Length of arc AB =

 
If = is measured in radians, then
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡 h 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝑟𝑐
 
𝜃
=
𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 2 𝜋
 
i.e . Length of arc AB =

 
Therefore in general,
s=r
 Area of a Sector
 
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 ∠ 𝐴𝑂𝐵
=
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 360°
 
i.e . Length of arc AB =
 
If = is measured in radians, then
 
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝜃
=
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 2 𝜋
 
i.e . Area of sector =

 
Therefore in general,
Area of a sector =
 
Worked Example 12:
In the figure , O is the centre of a circle of radius
8cm and radians.

Find the length of the major arc APB.

O B
  rad

A
  Worked Example 13:
The figure shows a sector OAB of radius 8cm and a
perimeter of 23cm. Find

(i) the area of the sector OAB.

A B

8 cm

O
 Worked Example 14:
In the figure, AB is an arc of a circle centre O and radius
16cm. P is a point on OB such that AP is perpendicular to OB
and
(i) Show that OP is approximately 3.50 cm.
(ii) Find the length of AP
(iii) Find the area of the shaded region.
A

1.35
O S
P