MODELS OF

COMMUNICATION
PROCESS
 Linear communication is one-way,
focusing on the transmission of a
message to a receiver who never
responds or has no way of
responding to the information
conveyed.
• Shannon-Weaver Model
It is also considered as the mother of all
communication models. It has a one way process
starting from a source (producer of message);
passing through a channel (signals adapted for
transmission) which may at times be interrupted by
noise (barrier) to a receiver (decoder of message
from the signal). The process stops after the
message has arrived at its destination.
 Interactive approach is a two-way
communication process where a response is
given after a message is sent. The recipient of
the action intentionally or unintentionally
gives a feedback associated with the
information received. The exchange of ideas
or information verifies that both parties
understand the message.
• Schramm Model
Schramm (1954) visualized the process of
communication as an exchange of thoughts
and ideas. Feedback was added to the
Shannon-Weaver Model. The recipient of the
message decodes it and creates a feedback
based on his understanding of the information
sent and vice versa.
 Transactional Model
Communication is dynamic. It has a
complex nature. It takes place among
individuals at any given time with any given
subject. However, there are tendencies that
barriers would interfere which may create a
sudden impact and change in the processing
of information.
 The transactional model shows a circular
process of interaction between the persons
involved in the communication, with each one
actively participating and sharing ideas with
one another. They are the communicators
actively exchanging information and reaction.
 FEATURES OF AN EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
1. Completeness
• Complete communication is essential to the
quality of the communication process in general.
Hence, communication should include
everything that the receiver needs to hear for
him/ her to respond, react, or evaluate properly.
2. Conciseness
• Conciseness does not mean keeping
the message short, but making it direct
or straight to the point. Insignificant or
redundant information should be
eliminated from the communication
that will be sent to the recipient.
3. Consideration
• To be effective, the speaker should always
consider relevant information about his/her
receiver such as mood, background, race,
preference, education, status, and needs,
among others. By doing so, he/she can easily
build rapport with the audience.
4. Concreteness
•Effective communication happens
when the message is concrete and
supported by facts, figures, and real-
life examples and situations. In this
case, the receiver is more connected to
the message conveyed.
5. Courtesy
• The speaker shows courtesy in
communication by respecting the
culture, values, and beliefs of
his/her receivers. Being courteous
at all times creates a positive impact
on the audience.
6. Clearness
• Clearness in communication implies
the use of simple and specific words
to express ideas. It is also achieved
when the speaker focuses only on a
single objective in his/her speech so
as not to confuse the audience.
7. Correctness
• Correctness in grammar
eliminates negative impact on the
audience and increases the
credibility and effectiveness of the
message.