ITB258

ABAP Programming

Lecture 6 (Week 7)
Basics of Interactive Reporting
Selection Screens
 Objectives
Interactive Reporting
– what are interactive lists
– basic & secondary lists
– the HIDE statement
– event control
• AT LINE-SELECTION
– SY-LSIND
• AT PFnn
• AT USER-COMMAND
– system fields for secondary lists
 Objectives
Selection Screens
• the creation and use of Selection Screens in ABAP
reports:
• the SELECT-OPTIONS statement
• Selection tables
• Formatting the selection screen
• Selection texts, Lines, Comments, Frames
• the PARAMETERS statement
• Radiobuttons, Checkboxes

• executing reports with Variants

Interactive Reporting
Non-Interactive vs Interactive Lists
• Non-Interactive
– static structure
– single, extensive and detailed list
• user searches through the list to find the relevant parts
• Interactive
– user selectively retrieves and presents data
• select lines, enter commands from menus, function keys
or pushbuttons, type input
– detailed information presented in secondary lists
– ability to call transactions or other reports
Interactive Reporting

Secondary
List

Report
Interactive
List
Transaction
Interactive Reports are Event Driven
REPORT ZLIST.
*Basic List

START-OF-SELECTION. *Secondary List

END-OF-SELECTION. AT LINE-SELECTION.

TOP-OF-PAGE. AT USER-COMMAND.

END-OF-PAGE. AT PFnn.

TOP-OF-PAGE DURING
LINE-SELECTION.
 The Basic List
• Contains the output of the data created while processing
either
– START-OF-SELECTION
– GET <dbtable>
• by default a basic list has a standard page header
– if TOP-OF-PAGE / END-OF-PAGE event occurs
• system writes data to page header / page footer and then displays basic
list data on the output screen
• system field SY-LSIND = 0
 Secondary Lists
• basic list + up to 20 secondary lists can exist in
parallel
• on moving to (next) secondary list
– current list added to memory area
– SY-LSIND incremented by one
• using back or exit
– logically superior list is displayed again
– SY-LSIND decremented by one
• no standard heading for secondary lists
 Basic List
SY-LSIND = 0
REPORT ZSAPTEST.

WRITE: / ‘Basic List’. choose

AT LINE-SELECTION. 1. Sec' List

CASE SY-LSIND. SY-LSIND = 1
WHEN ‘1’.
"<display 2nd list #1> choose

WHEN ‘2’. 2. Sec' List

"<display 2nd list #2> SY-LSIND = 2

WHEN ‘3’. choose

SY-LSIND = SY-LSIND-1.
"<display 2nd list #3>
3. Sec' List
SY-LSIND = 2
 Page Headers for Secondary Lists

• On secondary lists
– system does not display a standard page header
– does not trigger the TOP-OF-PAGE event
• TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION
– triggered for each secondary list
– to create different page headers for each secondary
list you must program a processing block for each
value of SY-LSIND
REPORT ZRAL7001 .

START-OF-SELECTION.
WRITE: / 'Basic List. SY-LSIND = ', SY-LSIND.

AT LINE-SELECTION.
CASE SY-LSIND.
WHEN '1'.
FORMAT COLOR COL_HEADING.
WRITE: / '1st secondary list. SY-LSIND = ', SY-LSIND.
WHEN '2'.
FORMAT COLOR COL_NORMAL INTENSIFIED OFF.
WRITE: / '2nd secondary list. SY-LSIND = ', SY-LSIND.
WHEN '3'.
FORMAT COLOR COL_NEGATIVE INTENSIFIED ON.
WRITE: / '3rd secondary list. SY-LSIND = ', SY-LSIND.
SY-LSIND = SY-LSIND - 1.
ENDCASE.
TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION.
* Write the headings for the secondary lists
CASE SY-LSIND.
WHEN '1'.
WRITE 'Heading For 1st Secondary List'.
WRITE AT 90 SY-PAGNO. ULINE.
WHEN '2'.
WRITE 'Heading For 2nd Secondary List'.
WRITE AT 90 SY-PAGNO. ULINE.
WHEN '3'.
WRITE 'Heading For 3rd Secondary List'.
WRITE AT 90 SY-PAGNO. ULINE.
ENDCASE.
 The HIDE Event
HIDE f
• stores the contents of f in relation to the
current output line in the HIDE area
– not necessary for f to appear on current line
– place the HIDE statement immediately after the
output statement for f
• user selection of a line for which HIDE fields
are available fills the variables in the program
with the values stored
 REPORT ZSAPTEST.

SELECT * FROM SPFLI.

WRITE: / SPFLI-CARRID, SPFLI-CONNID,
SPFLI-CITYFROM, SPFLI-CITYTO.
HIDE: SPFLI-CARRID, SPFLI-CONNID.
ENDSELECT.

X HIDE Area
CARRID CONNID CITYFROM CITYTO CARRID CONNID
AA 0016 New York Denver AA 0016
LH 0400 Frankfurt New York LH 0400
LH 0357 Rome Frankfurt LH 0357
: :
* write basic list, hide fields for secondary list
SELECT * FROM SPFLI.
WRITE: / SPFLI-CARRID, SPFLI-CONNID,
SPFLI-CITYFROM, SPFLI-CITYTO.
HIDE: SPFLI-CARRID, SPFLI-CONNID.
ENDSELECT.

* write secondary list, hide field for next level

AT LINE-SELECTION.
SELECT * FROM SFLIGHT WHERE CARRID = SPFLI-CARRID.
WRITE: / SFLIGHT-CARRID, SFLIGHT-FLDATE,
SFLIGHT-SEATSMAX, SFLIGHT-SEATSOCC.
HIDE: SFLIGHT-FLDATE.
ENDSELECT.
 AT Event Processing
• AT LINE-SELECTION
– triggered when user:
• double clicks on a valid line
• Selects line then either presses the Pick toolbar button, presses the F2 key, or
selects the Edit-Choose menu option
– increments SY-LSIND by 1.
• AT USER-COMMAND
– triggered when user:
• presses a function key
• clicks a toolbar button
• selects a menu entry
• makes an entry in the command field
– function code stored in SY-UCOMM
• AT PFnn
– triggered when user presses a function key
– also uses SY-UCOMM to store the selected code
 AT Event Processing
• AT LINE-SELECTION AT LINE-SELECTION.
– determine what action to
take by checking the CASE SY-LSIND.
current list level in the WHEN '1'.
report select * from sflight
– code the appropriate where …
action write: / …
WHEN '2'.
select * from sbook
where …
write: / …
ENDCASE.
 AT Event Processing
• AT USER-COMMAND
– determine what action to take by checking the current
function code value stored in SY-UCOMM
– code the appropriate action

AT USER-COMMAND.
CASE SY-UCOMM.
WHEN 'SORT'.
PERFORM Sort_List.
WHEN 'DELE'.
PERFORM Del_Record.
ENDCASE.
 AT Event Processing
• AT PFnn
– nn is in the range of 0 to 99
– determine what action to take by:
• inserting an event header for that PF key; OR
• checking the current function code value stored in SY-UCOMM
– code the appropriate action

AT PF6.
PERFORM Sort_List.

AT PF8.
PERFORM Del_Record.
System Fields & Interactive Reports
SY-CUROW current cursor position (line)

SY-CUCOL current cursor position (column)

SY-CPAGE current page number

SY-LSIND index of the displayed list

SY-LISEL contents of the selected line

SY-UCOMM last user-initiated function code

Selection Screens
 Selection Screens

• Used to allow the user to control the

database selections of the report
• Allows interactive
– assignment of values to data variables
• with the PARAMETERS statement
– determination of selection criteria for database
fields (criteria can be single values, range of
values, sets of values, …)
• with the SELECT-OPTIONS statement
 The parameters Keyword
PARAMETERS field TYPE type [DEFAULT value].

PARAMETERS: P1 TYPE P,
P2(6) TYPE C DEFAULT ‘ITN258’.

P1
P2
 Basic Form of select-options
SELECT-OPTIONS seltab FOR f.
1. creates a selection table seltab (an internal table with a
header line) which has a relation to table field f.
– the name for seltab, like parameter names, can be up to 8
characters only
– f cannot be of type f (floating point)
2. displays data input fields on a selection screen.
REPORT ZSAPTEST.
TABLES: SFLIGHT.
SELECT-OPTIONS: AIRLINE FOR SFLIGHT-CARRID,
CONN FOR SFLIGHT-CONNID.

AIRLINE CONN
SIGN OPTION LOW HIGH SIGN OPTION LOW HIGH

multiple selection screen

Multiple Selection Screen
 Multiple Selection Screen
• icon on the main screen takes the user to the
multiple selection screen
– allows creation of more complex selection criteria

• pushbutton saves an extended selection

– the arrow icon on the main screen turns to green
indicating that the selection criteria is more complex
than shown in the To and From fields
 seltab
• seltab is an internal table with 4 fields

SIGN OPTION LOW HIGH

I EQ
E NE
LT
GT
LE
GE
BT
NB
CP
NP
 seltab and Table Selections
• If seltab contains more than one line:
– form the union of sets defined on the lines that have
SIGN = I
– subtract the union of sets defines on the lines that
have SIGN = E
– select the resulting set
• If seltab contains only lines with SIGN = E
– select all data outside the set specified in these lines
 Assigning Default Values to
Selection Criteria
SELECT-OPTIONS seltab FOR f DEFAULT g
[TO h] OPTION op SIGN s.

• g and h may be
– literals (enclosed in single quotes)
– names of fields whose contents should be used as
default values
• op may be one of
– EQ,NE,GE,LE,GT,LT,CP,NP for single selections
– BT,NB for interval selections
• s may be either I or E
REPORT ZSAPTEST.
TABLES: SFLIGHT.
SELECT-OPTIONS: AIRLINE FOR SFLIGHT-CARRID
DEFAULT 'AA' TO 'LH'
OPTION NB
SIGN I.
 Assigning Default Values to
Selection Criteria
SELECT-OPTIONS: Notes:
AIRLINE FOR SPFLI-CARRID,
CONN FOR SPFLI-CONNID. • Can also use (for example):
INITIALIZATION. AIRLINE-LOW = 'AA'.
MOVE ‘AA’ TO AIRLINE-LOW.
MOVE ‘DL’ TO AIRLINE-HIGH. • If SIGN is not given, 'I' is
MOVE ‘I’ TO AIRLINE-SIGN.
MOVE ‘BT’ TO AIRLINE-OPTION. assumed.
APPEND AIRLINE.
MOVE ‘LH’ TO AIRLINE-LOW. • If OPTION is not given,
MOVE ‘UA’ TO AIRLINE-HIGH. 'EQ' is assumed.
APPEND AIRLINE.
MOVE ‘QF’ TO AIRLINE-LOW.
MOVE ‘NE’ TO AIRLINE-OPTION.
• Only BT and NB use HIGH
APPEND AIRLINE. field.
MOVE ‘0400’ TO CONN-LOW. • SIGN & OPTION reused
MOVE ‘EQ’ TO CONN-OPTION.
APPEND CONN. for second append in this
example.
 Restricting the Selection Screen
to One Line
SELECT-OPTIONS seltab FOR f
NO-EXTENSION … .
• right arrow
REPORT ZSAPTEST.
does not appear on
the selection screen TABLES: SFLIGHT.
• user cannot access
SELECT-OPTIONS AIRLINE
the multiple selection FOR SFLIGHT-CARRID
input screen NO-EXTENSION.
 Restricting the Selection Screen
to Single Value Selection
SELECT-OPTIONS seltab FOR f … NO
INTERVALS … .
• TO field does not REPORT ZSAPTEST.
appear on the
TABLES: SFLIGHT.
selection screen
• user can access the SELECT-OPTIONS AIRLINE
multiple selection FOR SFLIGHT-CARRID
NO INTERVALS.
input screen
 Further Select-Options Clauses

• NO-DISPLAY
• suppresses display of select-option

• LOWER CASE
• enables acceptance of upper & lower case letters

• OBLIGATORY
• makes selection for FROM field mandatory
TABLES SFLIGHT.
SELECT-OPTIONS: CARRIER FOR SFLIGHT-CARRID,
CONN FOR SFLIGHT-CONNID NO-EXTENSION,
FDATE FOR SFLIGHT-FLDATE NO INTERVALS,
CURR FOR SFLIGHT-CURRENCY NO-DISPLAY,
PLANE FOR SFLIGHT-PLANETYPE OBLIGATORY.
 Using Selection Tables in
WHERE Conditions
SELECT … WHERE f IN seltab
• f is a database column (without a prefix)
• seltab is the selection table attached to f
REPORT ZSAPTEST.

TABLES: SFLIGHT.

SELECT-OPTIONS AIRLINE FOR SFLIGHT-CARRID.

SELECT * FROM SFLIGHT

WHERE CARRID IN AIRLINE.
Checkboxes on the Selection Screen
PARAMETERS p … AS CHECKBOX ...
[DEFAULT ' ' | 'X']
• parameter p is created with type C length 1
– options TYPE & LIKE are not allowed
– valid values for p are ' ' (false) and 'X' (true)
PARAMETERS: A AS CHECKBOX,
B AS CHECKBOX DEFAULT 'X'.

A
x B
 Checkboxes on the Selection Screen
REPORT ZSAPTEST.
TABLES: SPFLI, SFLIGHT, SBOOK.
SELECT-OPTIONS: DepTime FOR SPFLI-DEPTIME.
PARAMETERS: Luggage AS CHECKBOX.

SELECT * FROM SFLIGHT.

SELECT * FROM SBOOK WHERE ...
WRITE: / SBOOK-BOOKID, ...
CHECK LUGGAGE NE SPACE.
WRITE 30 SBOOK-LUGGWEIGHT.
ENDSELECT.
ENDSELECT.
Radiobuttons on the Selection Screen
PARAMETERS p …
RADIOBUTTON GROUP rgrp ...
• parameter p is created with type C length 1
– can use LIKE option but must refer to a dictionary
object of type C length 1
• rgrp is a string of max length 4
– must assign at least 2 parameters to each rgrp group
• when user clicks on radiobutton
– respective parameter is activated, ie, assigned 'X'
– only one parameter in each group can be activated
Radiobuttons on the Selection Screen
PARAMETERS: DISCOUNT RADIOBUTTON GROUP R1,
ECONOMY RADIOBUTTON GROUP R1,
BUSINESS RADIOBUTTON GROUP R1,
FIRST RADIOBUTTON GROUP R1 DEFAULT ‘X’.
Radiobuttons on the Selection Screen
REPORT ZSAPTEST.

TABLES: SBOOK.

PARAMETERS: PRIVATE RADIOBUTTON GROUP CUST,

BUSINESS RADIOBUTTON GROUP CUST.

SELECT * FROM SBOOK.

IF PRIVATE NE SPACE.
CHECK SBOOK-CUSTTYPE = 'P'.
WRITE: / SBOOK-BOOKID, SBOOK-CUSTOMID.
ELSEIF BUSINESS NE SPACE.
CHECK SBOOK-CUSTTYPE = 'B'.
WRITE: 30 SBOOK-BOOKID, SBOOK-CUSTOMID.
ENDIF.
ENDSELECT.
 Formatting the Selection Screen
• SELECTION-SCREEN statement allows
– insertion of texts/comments
– underlines
– insertion of blank lines
• SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK
– combines logically related fields
– draw a box around them using WITH FRAME
 Formatting the Selection Screen
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF LINE
COMMENT format name
POSITION n
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF LINE.
TABLES: SFLIGHT.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF LINE.
SELECTION-SCREEN: COMMENT 1(14) TEXT-002, POSITION 18.
PARAMETERS: PRICE LIKE SFLIGHT-PRICE OBLIGATORY.
SELECTION-SCREEN: COMMENT 45(9) TEXT-003, POSITION 55.
PARAMETERS: CURRENCY LIKE SFLIGHT-CURRENCY.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF LINE.
 Formatting the Selection Screen

• SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP n.
– leaves n blank lines on the selection screen

• SELECTION-SCREEN ULINE
– draws an underline on the selection screen
 Formatting the Selection Screen
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK block
… WITH FRAME
… TITLE title
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK block.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK SPFLI WITH FRAME TITLE TEXT-001.
SELECT-OPTIONS: CARR FOR SPFLI-CARRID DEFAULT 'LH',
CITY FOR SPFLI-CITYFROM DEFAULT 'BERLIN',
DEPART FOR SPFLI-DEPTIME DEFAULT '100000' TO
'130000'.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK SPFLI.
 Formatting Selection Text

• default text on the selection screen

– PARAMETERS pname
– SELECT-OPTIONS seltab
• more explanative text
– Goto … Text Elements … Selection Texts
– SELECT-OPTIONS BEGIN OF LINE …
– COMMENT ...
 Checking the Selection Screen
AT SELECTION-SCREEN
ON field
ON RADIOBUTTON GROUP grp
ON BLOCK block

REPORT ZSAPTEST MESSAGE-ID ....

TABLES: SPFLI, SFLIGHT, SBOOK.

SELECT-OPTIONS SPRICE FOR SFLIGHT-PRICE.

...
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON SPRICE.
IF SPRICE-LOW LT ‘500’.
MESSAGE E001. “no flight available at that price
ENDIF.
...
Variants
 Reports & Variants
• Variant
– set of values for all parameters and select-options
– when a report is executed with a variant the fields
of the selection screen are filled with the values
of the chosen variant
• Creating a Variant
– execute the report & fill in the selection screen
– GoTo … Variants … Save as Variant
– Enter a name and short description for the variant
– Fill in Variant Attributes as required
Save as Variant
 Setting Attributes of a Variant
• Variant Attributes
– protected
• only creator can change it
– Only display in catalog:
• do not display variant on screen
• Field Attributes
– protected
• cannot be changed by the user when the report is run
– invisible
• does not show the user the parameter/select-options variable
• other selection screen items ‘shuffle up’ to leave no gap
– variable
• variant field takes the current value of the named variable
• variable is defined in the data dictionary
 Running a Report With a Variant
• Execute the report
– Click on the button in the ABAP Editor:
Initial Screen dialog
– Select a variant from the next dialog box
Running a Report With a Variant
• System … Services … Reporting
– Click on
– select a variant from the next dialog box
 Running a Report With a Variant
• SUBMIT reportname USING
SELECTION-SET variantname

REPORT ZB258REP602.

SUBMIT ZB258REP503 USING SELECTION-SET 'ZADAMSWK601'.

 Summary
• Interactive Reporting
– non-static view of data for the user
• user selectively retrieves and displays data
• additional clearly structured information can be
presented to the user in secondary lists or windows
• up to 20 secondary lists may exist
– secondary lists generated by special events
• AT LINE-SELECTION, AT USER-COMMAND, AT
PFnn
• SY-LSIND contains index of current list level
 Summary
• Interactive Lists
– to save data for the secondary list use HIDE
• system stores field names and field contents per line
(SY-LISEL)
• at an interactive event the values stored in HIDE
area are placed back into the original fields
– generally better performance through
interactive lists
• only lines relevant to the user are selected and
displayed as they are required
 Summary
• Selection screens provide the user with some
measure of control over database selections
• PARAMETERS statement
– defines a variable which can hold a single value
– AS CHECKBOX
• provides a yes/no type selection
– RADIOBUTTON GROUP
• provides a one of the following type selection
 Summary
• SELECT-OPTIONS
– defines an internal table which holds selection conditions
– internal table has 4 attributes
• SIGN, OPTION, LOW, HIGH
– rows of the internal table can be specified
• via the DEFAULT clause in the program (one row)
• via the INITIALIZATION event in the program (many rows)
• dynamically at runtime
 Summary
• selection screen can be formatted with
– lines, comments, frames
• selection text can be maintained through the
Text Attributes screen
• variants provide a method of storing
commonly used selection conditions
• reports can be executed with a variant from the
workbench or from a program
 Related Reading
• Textbook
– Ch 3.4.3 (p 213): Selections and Parameters
• Selection Screens
• Using Variants
– Ch 3.5 (p 243): Interactive Reports
• On-Line Help
– R/3 Library…BC..ABAP Workbench
• BC ABAP User’s Guide
– ABAP User Interfaces
• Lists … Interactive Lists
– ABAP User Interfaces … Selection Screens
• Working With Selection Screens, Defining Selection Screens,
Calling Selection Screens, Using Selection Criteria in Programs,
Presetting Selection Criteria in Variants
 Pre-Reading for Next Week

• Textbook
– Ch 3.3 - The Interface (pp. 175 - 197)
• defining a GUI status
– Ch 3.2.16 – Messages (pp. 167 – 174)
– WINDOW statement (p. 248)