Water

Management
WATER ISSUE and HYDROLOGIC
CYCLE
 WATER ISSUE
• The quality of water is important as its
quantity for most humans as well as for the
commercial and industrial uses.
• Water must be substantially free of dissolve
salts, plants and animals wastes, and
bacterial contamination to be suitable for
human consumption.
• Salt water cannot be consumed by humans
or used for many industrial processes.

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 • Fresh water is free of the salt found in ocean
waters but only a tiny fraction is available for use.
For example : Unpolluted fresh water which is
suitable for drinking also known as Potable
Water. But nowadays, there is a problem when it
comes to Potable fresh waters.
• Shortages of potable fresh water throughout the
world can also be directly attributed to human
abuse in the form of pollution. Water pollution
has negatively affected water supplies
throughout the world.

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 • World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that about 25 percent of
people in the world do not have access in fresh water .
• According to United Nations Environment Programme, 5 to 10 million
deaths occur each year from water-related diseases like
cholera,malaria,dengue,fever, and dysentery.

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 10 worst countries for access to clean water
1. Eritrea: 80.7% lack basic water services
2. Papua New Guinea: 63.4% lack basic water services
3. Uganda: 61.1% lack basic water services
4. Ethiopia: 60.9% lack basic water services
5. Somalia: 60% lack basic water services
6. Angola: 59% lack basic water services
7. Democratic Republic of the Congo: 58.2% lack basic water services
8. Chad: 57.5% lack basic water services
9. Niger: 54.2% lack basic water services
10. Mozambique: 52.7% lack basic water services

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 Philippines' water and sanitation crisis
Population of 110 million (110,199,504)
5 million people lack access to safe water
9 million people lack access to improved sanitation

Nearly 5 million people in the Philippines rely on unsafe and unsustainable water
sources and 9 million lack access to improved sanitation. Despite its growing
economy, the Philippines faces significant challenges in terms of water and
sanitation access. The country is rapidly urbanizing, and its growing cities struggle
to provide new residents with adequate water and sanitation services.

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 - In the Philippines, around 1 in 10 people still do not have access to
improved water sources.
- In 2016, one of the top 10 leading causes of death in the Philippines was
acute watery diarrhoea, claiming over 139 000 lives.
- Currently, in the Philippines and around the world, people are
navigating the COVID-19 pandemic, and millions are striving to endure
this crisis with an added challenge. They lack access to life’s most critical
resource – water. Now more than ever access to safe water is critical to
the health of families in the Philippines.

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 The Hydrologic Cycle
- All water is locked into a constant recycling process called the
hydrologic cycle.
- There are four main stages in the hydrologic cycle.
- They are :
• Evaporation
• Evapotranspiration or Transpiration
• Condensation
• Precipitation

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 • Evaporation - warmth from the sun causes water from oceans,
lakes, streams, ice and soils to rise into the air and turn into water
vapour (gas). Water vapour droplets join together to make clouds.
• Evapotranspiration or Transpiration - is the sum of evaporation and
plant transpiration from the Earth's land and ocean surface to the
atmosphere
• Condensation - water vapour in the air cools down and turns back
into liquid water.
• Precipitation - water (in the form of rain, snow, hail or sleet) falls
from clouds in the sky.

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 HYDROLOGIC CYCLE:

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