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Psychological Vulnerability and Management
Psychological Vulnerability and Management
Psychological Vulnerability and Management
psychological
vulnerability and
management
Dilara Zahid
IDMVS,DU
Disaster as a stressor ,factors influence to
psychological vulnerability in disaster
• Life threat • Family separation • Death of a loved one
family members or friends• Material loss • Home/school
damage • adjustment to new circumstances• Direct
exposure or media exposure to disaster • Different Child
characteristics (race, age, gender, SES) • Poor
functioning pre- disaster • Parental distress • Disruption
of Routine • Low levels of social support • Additional life
stressors • Negative coping skills • Lack of coping
assistance • Displacement and relocation •loss of pets
•alternative leisure activities • school hampered or
change
Disaster as a stressor: psychosocial
consequences of disaster
Norris and colleagues (2002) found that young people
were more likely to be affected by disasters than adults.
Udwin (1993) notes that there is a growing body of
evidence to show that most children react adversely after
exposure to traumatic events, and 30 to 50 percent are
likely to develop PTSD symptoms that may persist for long
periods of time. Several factors influence children’s
psychological and emotional reactions to trauma(La Greca
et al. 2002) .
Age group and stage of physical and mental
development
Symptoms :
• • Depression
• • Anxiety
• • Emotional distress
• • Sleep disorders
• • Somatic complaints
• • Behavioral problems
• See suggested articles for details
Biological Pathways
Dysfunctional HPA Axis and ANS
Disaster :
Stress
• Brain Autonomic
Nervous
+/ - feedback System
Limbic System
SCN Hypothalamus
ASR
PVN Pituitary gland
Adrenaline,
and Norepin
ephrine
ATCH 3 hormones from Adrenal
hormone
Adrenaline, Cortisol, Norepinephrine:
The Three Major Stress Hormones, Explained.
Adrenal Thanks to the work of our sympathetic
Gland nervous system, the “fight or flight” system
Muscle
Cortisol hormone
https://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=QAeBKRaNri0
• PTSD IS A RESULT OF
CORTISOL
ABNORMALITIES
Mental disorder and Health effect
Health Effect
• Psychological disorder • Physical disorder
• Cardiovascular diseases
• Collapse of Autonomic
• Higher basal heart rates and
Stress Response diastolic blood pressure
(ASR) which is a • Immune power decline
reliable indicator of • Digestion system effected
• Metabolism effected
psychological arousal
• Nervous system effected
or stimulation and • Memory function AND MANY
mainly enhance fear MORE EVEN
related memory • Generation by genetic brain
formation developmentand lowering
children`s resistance
Variables effect PTSD
• SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC
• Time passing
• Culture of coping
• Economic condition
• Severity of the event
• Individual strength –mental and physical
Concept of Psychosocial support
13
Definition
14
The psycho social support must exist
in the actual context and specific
15
Elements/ component of psychosocial support
Psychosocial rehabilitation is a comprehensive process and not just
a technique.
16
Services?
• All children need access to cesurity and basic services
that are provided innway that reduces stress
• All children need psychological support from their family
and community
• Smaller percentage of children and families (15%) of
affected population) require focused psychological
activities such as counselling
• Approximately 3% of children and families have severe
mental disorders and must have access to clinical
mental health service
1. Do no harm
2. Human rights and justice
3. Participation
4. Build on existing resources, capacity, protective factor
5. Integrated services
6. Protective factors
7. Prevent further trauma
8. Mobilise networks and local healing practices
9. Promote coping, healing and resilience
10. Establish routines and normalcy
11. Community based, culturally relevant
12. Support carers
13. Screening
14. Psychological interventions
18
19
Mental Health and
Psychological support
• Guide follow IASC
MHPSSH Guide
FOLLOW UNICEF
PROGRAMMING AND
EVOLUTION GUIDE
28
Aim of Psychosocial programming
29
Principles of Psychosocial
programming
30
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