CHE410

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
PROCESS ANALYSIS
• Recommended Reading/Text
• Engineering Mathematics by K.A. Stroud
With addition by Dexter J. Booth. 5TH Edition
• Advanced Engineering Mathematics by K.A.
Stroud With addition by Dexter J. Booth,
• 4TH Edition
• Advanced Engineering Mathematics by
Kreysig
• Applied Mathematical Methods for
Chemical Engineers by Norman W. Loney 4th
Edition
• Brief overview of the Course
• Use of mathematical tools for the
analysis of Chemical Engineering
Operations.
• Process modeling and Dynamic
Analysis.
• Statistical test. Regression design
of experiments.
• Course Objectives/Goals
• At the end of this course the student is
expected to
• Be able to know the various mathematical
tools available in modeling chemical
Engineering systems.
• Have learnt and acquire more
Mathematics skills to handle numerous
problems included in the topics discussed.
• Know how to generate and solve practical
problems arising from day to day chemical
and Bio-Chemical Engineering and
scientific operations.
• Have developed competence and
confidence through numerous worked
examples and assignments with increased
responsibility passing to the student.
• Be able to apply the knowledge gained in
his/her engineering course of study.
• D.Es are used to represent
changing quantities (variables)
Which frequently occur in
scientific and Engineering
problems.
• Many practical problems in
engineering give rise to 1st and
2nd order D.Es.
• REVISION:
• 1ST AND 2ND ORDER D.Es
• Recall that five to six methods
are available in solving 1st order
D.Es. These are:
• Type1: Differential equations of
the form:

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These are solved by direct
integration.
• TYPE 2: Separation of Variables:

• Example 2: Solve the first order

differential equation
• TYPE 3: These are first order
differential eqns of the form:

(1)
Where P and Q are both functions of x.
They may also be mere constants.
• METHOD OF SOLUTION: The
Use Of Integrating Factor (I.F):
• The formula:
• Ex 3: solve the D.E equation
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which may be re-written as

and comparing with eqn1 gives

• TYPE 4 BERNOULLI’S EQUATION
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METHOD OF SOLUTION: First

reduce the given equation to a
form that could be solved using
the I.F method.
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• EX. 5

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Ex. 5 (Assignment)
Use the substitution method
where v is a function of x only, to
transform the equation

into a D.E in

V and x. Hence find y in terms of x.

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• Ex.6
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• SECOND ORDER DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATIONS

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• The general form of second
order differential equation is
2
d y dy
a 2  b  cy  f ( x)............(1)
dx dx
Where a, b, and c are constant
co-efficients. F(x) is a function of
x.
Summary of Solutions to 2nd ODE
1. Eqn.
2
of the type:
d y dy
a 2  b  cy  f ( x)............(1)
dx dx
(A) Obtain the auxiliary eqn. :
aM  bM  c  0
2

This gives three types of solutions

known as the C.F
(i) Real and different roots,M  m1
and M  m2 gives the general
solution: y  Ae  Be
m1 x m2 x

(ii) Real and equal roots M  m1

twice. The general formula or
C.F is y  e ( A  Bx )
m1 x

(iii) Complex roots m1    j

• The general formula or C.F gives
y  e  A cos  x  B sin  x 
x

(B) Solve the RHS to obtain the

particular Integral (PI):
(i) assume the general form of the
f (x)
given function of .
Hence the G.S for the 2nd order
eqn., gives: y  CF  PI
(C) Substitute the boundary
conditions if given into the G.S:
(i) Generally, substituting the 1st bdry
condition directly into the G.S helps
us to cal the value of the arbitrary
constant A.
(ii) To obtain arbitrary constant B: 1st
differentiate the G.S and then
substitute the 2nd bdry condition.
(d) Equations2
of the type
d y
2
 ny  0
dx
solutions depend on the co-
efficient of y.
When co-efficient of y is positive:
C.F becomes y  Acosnx  B sinnx
When co-efficient of y is negative
• C.F becomes:
y  A cosh nx  B sinh nx

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