UTILITARIANISM as An Example

Of A Consequentialist Theory
JEREMY BENTHAM
 Presented one of the earliest fully developed
systems of utilitarianism

Utilitarianism- is an ethical theory that determines

right from wrong by focusing on outcomes. It is a
form of consequentialism.

 Act-utilitarianism and Hedonistic utilitarianism

ACT-UTILITARIANISM
 We tally the consequences of each action we
perform and thereby determine on a case basis
whether an action is morally right or wrong.
 focus on the effects of individual actions
HEDONISTIC UTILITARIANISM

 We tally the pleasure and pain which result from

our actions. Pleasure and pain are the only
consequences that matter in determining whether
our conduct is moral.
 ocus on the effects of types of actions (such as
killing or stealing)
RULE- UTILITARIAN
 A behavioral code or rule is morally right if the
consequences of adopting that rule are more
favorable than unfavorable to everyone
IDEAL UTILITARIANISM (G.E. Moore)
 Involves tallying any consequence that we
intuitively recognize as good or bad
PREFERENCE UTILITARIANISM (R.M. Hare)
 Involves tallying any consequence that fulfills
our preferences
ECONOMY OF COMMUNION
ECONOMY OF COMMUNION
 Business philosophy rooted on the ideals of the
Focolare Movement.
 calling to live work and business in an integrated
way, in concert with all of the other people in our
lives.
FOCOLARE MOVEMENT
 Was started by a group led by Chiara Lubich, an
Italian teacher during the WW2
 seeks to unite people through economic activity
and enterprise
 Intends to extend Catholic practice to their daily
lives and not only limited to going the Church
PURPOSE
 to work cooperatively to build a more united
world, following the inspiration of Jesus’ prayer
to the Father ‘May they all be one’
BUSINESS PRACTICES AND CULTURE OF ECONOMY OF
COMMUNION

 A Culture of Giving is instilled across the

organization

 The human person is central to the business, not

the capital