WELCOME TO ALL

KANCHI PALLAVAN
ENGINEERING COLLEGE
 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
BATCH MEMBERS

NAME REG.NO
 ANANDA PRAKASH S 52007105302
 KALIRAJ S 52007105315
 SRIDHAR J 52007105337
 THAMIN ANSARI U 52007105341

PROJECT GUIDE
MISS.A.REKHA.B.E.,
PROJECT TITLE

BIDIRECTIONAL TORQUE
CONTROL OF DC
MOTOR
INTRODUCTION
 In many industrial applications there is very heavy change
in the load connected to a motor.

 This makes the motor to operate at varying torques when the

speed has to be maintained constant and in varying
directions.

 This necessitates to design a automatic bidirectional torque

control system for varying load conditions.

 The selected speed must be maintained constantly

irrespective of the load or the torque changes.
BLOCK DIAGRAM Motor Power
Supply

PC
TOPTO Rectifier and
ISOLATOR power
Circuit
PC Interface H Bridge
Driver Bidirectional
H- Bridge
H Bridge Drive
Driver
High Speed Controller
OPTO
ISOLATOR DC MOTOR

User Feed Back

Indications SENSOR

Power supply
5V (to all
components)
MICROCONTROLLER PERIPHERAL
FEATURES
 Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter
 Timer1: 16-bit timer/counter
 Timer2: 8-bit timer/counter
 Two PWM modules
 SPI™ and I2C™
 Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver
Transmitter (USART)
 Parallel Slave Port (PSP)
 10-bit, up to 8 channel Analog-to-Digital Converter
(A/D)
PIN DIAGRAM
MICROCONTROLLER PROGRAM
DEVELOPMENT
 MPLAB IDE is used in the project.
 It is a integrated software tools for performing the various
stages of program development, Namely:
Program entry.
Program compilation.
Simulation.
 Programming the code to the microcontroller memory.
 It is a free software provided by Microchip, the manufacturers
of PIC Controllers.
 Its is a single tools for all pic controllers.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
PCB DESIGN
 EAGLE (Easily Applicable Graphical Layout Editor) is used
for PCB design.
 Maximum drawing area 1.6 x 1.6m (64 x 64 inch)
 up to 16 signal layers.
 conventional and SMT parts.
 comes with a full set of part libraries.
 Easily create your own parts with the fully integrated library
editor.
 undo/redo function for any editing command, to any depth.
SCHEMATIC DESIGN
 OrCAD is a EDA (Electronic design automation) software.

 OrCAD capture is used for schematic design.

 It has in built libraries for various components used in the

project.

 If required the schematic can be directly be simulated using

PSPICE which is also a part of the OrCAD software.
H-BRIDGE DRIVER
 H- bridge driver circuitry is low power transistors(BC547)
that source required current to the high power transistors in
the hi power motor drive.

 They form a part of the Darlington pair pf transistors.

 It gets signals from the Opto isolator and gives it the high
power motor drive circuitry.

 We need two transistors for each pair of high power drive

circuitry.
H-BRIDGE MOTOR DRIVE
 H-bridge is used for direction changing of the motor.

 DC motors have polarity and direction of rotation depends on

direction of current.

 Hence for bi-directional motor rotation a H bridge drive is

used.

 The project uses four high power transistors(TIP122) for

implementing bidirectional H bridge drive.
 RS 232 INTERFACE/PC INTERFACE

 The serial port of the computer uses RS232 standard for

communication.

 RS232 standard voltages are not compatible with

conventional TTL / CMOS circuits.

 Hence IC MAX232 is used for voltage conversion between

RS232 port and the microcontroller.

 MAX232 enables full duplex communications, while doing

the necessary voltage conversions.
PWM SIGNALS
 In this project the DC motor is controlled by controlling the
voltage which is by using the PWM principle.

 In this concept the current through the DC motor is

controlled by varying the voltage using PWM signals given
to the DC motor .

 The PWM signal is generated by the microcontroller and is

fed to the motor.

 Two channel PWM signals are generated for two directions.

FEEDBACK SENSOR
 An optical switch is used as a feed back sensor. Here
MOC7811 is used.

 It has a IR transmitter and a photo transistor attached to it. It

gives the pulse output of the speed.

 The load applied to the motor is roughly calculated by the

microcontroller automatically using this speed sensor.

 It helps to maintain the speed and also control the torque

depending upon the load.
PC APPLICATION

 on the PC in the labview based virtual instrumention

application is developed.

 The application will be used to receive the information from

the sensor and also to perform control operations depending
upon the power requirement of the load.

 Labview is an advanced measurement and automation

software and is used to provied a graphical user interface for
easy information presentation
HARDWARE COMPONENT
 PIC 16F877A microcontroller

 Max232 for PC interface

 H bridge drive for motor drives

 Permanent magnet DC motor

 Speed Sensor for feedback

SOFTWARE TOOLS

 MP Lab IDE for PIC programming.

 Orcad 16 for schematic design.

 Eagle layout Editor for PCB design.

 Labview for virtual instrumentation based control

interface on a computer.
THANK YOU!!!