A Presentation on

Basic Terms Used in

Chromatography
 Submitted To:
Rajib Chandra Das
Lecturer
ACCE
 Submitted By: Group 09
 Awishe Das
 Sohel Rana
 Hyat Mohammad Mubinul Haque
 Pranta Sen
Contents:

 Chromatography
 Terms that are used in Chromatography
 Chromatogram
 Chromatograph
 Band Broadening
 Elution
Chromatography is an analytical technique commonly used
for separating a mixture of chemical substances into its
individual components, so that the individual components can
be thoroughly analyzed.

Classification of Chromatography:
1. Paper Chromatography
2. Thin Layer Chromatography
3. Gas Chromatography
4. Ion-exchange Chromatography.
NOTE: But all of these employ the same basic principle.
Terms that are commonly used in Chromatography:
Chromatogram:
“A column or strip of material containing constituents of a
mixture separated by chromatography”

“A graph showing the quantity of a substance leaving a

chromatography column as a function of time.”
Chromatograph:
An instrument for performing chromatographic separations and
producing chromatograms.

Chromatograph vs Chromatogram

Chromatography is the technique. A chromatogram is the output (product of that

technique). The chromatograph is the instrument that is used to generate the
chromatogram.
Band Broadening
Band broadening is a phenomenon that reduces the efficiency of the
separation being carried out –leading to poor resolution and
chromatographic performance. This is problematical in terms of both the
quality of the separation obtained and the accuracy with which sample
components can be quantified.

The degree of band broadening (loss of efficiency) naturally increases with

the age of the chromatographic column being used, but there are measures
that can be taken to slow
these processes and to optimize column and instrument conditions to ensure
maximum efficiency and minimum band broadening.
Elution Chromatography:
A chromatography method where the stationary bed is within a tube and the mobile
phase moves continuously through the column and the analyte is detected as it
emerges from the column.

Elution:
The process of washing out a compound through a column using a suitable solvent.
 Conclusion:
Chromatography technique is very rapidly increasing
technology in present day. It has applications in majority of
fields.

Although chromatography is a highly accurate technique it

has some drawbacks like inability to handle huge amounts.
Thank you all…