Protection Relay Application for

Generator and XMFR

Engr. Qazi Arsalan Hamid

Application of overcurrent protective devices for generators and transformers is generally considered to be a
routine task However, a review of the protective device selection, device settings, and protection
requirements for generators and transformers, as well as their connected buses, has revealed that certain
lessons can be learned in examining a few typical applications The applications are presented in a series of
case studies

The case studies are in the following categories of protection problems

*. Generator backup protection a Bus-connected generators with feeder
circuits at generator voltage
*.Unit-connected generators with voltage restraint time-overcurrent relays
(device 5 1V) for backup protection
*.Unit-connected generators with distance relays (device 21) for backup
protection
*. Transformer protection with high 3-phase fault currents and low-ratio
current transformers a. Original protection scheme. b. Upgraded protection
scheme Only phase-fault conditions are analyzed in the following problems
because the topic of ground fault protection would require an equal
amount of time to discuss Each case is presented with (1) a brief synopsis of
the problem encountered, (2) the evaluation of the problem, including the
suggested solutions, and (3) the “lesson to be learned” and the trouble
spots to avoid