Good Day

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Review

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What would the
world be without
sound?
Sound
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 WHAT IS Ex. When a bell
rings, parts of bell
SOUND??? will vibrate creating
sound

• Sound is form of energy

that can be heard and travels
in waves.
• Sound is produced by
vibrating objects.
• Sound waves can travel
through solids, liquids or
gases
Speed of Sound

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 In which
medium does
sound travels
the fastest?
Slowest?
Factors affecting speed of sound
•Thus, sound moves fastest in a
solid and slowest in a gas
•Sound travels more quickly
through solids and liquids because
the individual molecules are closer
together than the molecules in gas
•Sound waves CANNOT move
through a vacuum – they need a
medium!
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 Factors affecting speed of sound
•Type of medium – Sound moves well
through dense material and material
that returns quickly to its original
position.
•Temperature – Sound moves through
hot air faster than cold air due to the
increased speed of the particles.
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•You will notice that the speed of
sound in gases is affected by
temperature.
•As the temperature increases, the
speed of molecules also increases.
As a result, molecules collide more
frequently, thereby transmitting
the disturbance more quick
Intensity and Loudness

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How do the sound waves change
when you increase the volume on
your stereo or television?

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Intensity
Is the amount of energy the waves carries
per second through a given area.

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The intensity of sound describes its
loudness at a particular distance from the
source of the sound.

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Decibels
•The decibel (dB) is the unit used to
measure sound intensity or loudness.
•Sounds greater than 120 dB can cause
pain in human ears.
•Sounds with an amplitude between 0
dB and 120 dB are called audible.
•Anything below 0 dB is considered
subaudible.
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Frequency and Pitch
•Pitch – how high or low a
sound is.
•High pitch = high
frequency
•Low pitch = low frequency
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Frequency and Pitch
•Humans can hear pitches that have
a frequency between 20 Hz and
20,000 Hz
•Pitches above 20,000 Hz are
called ultrasonic.
•Pitches below 20 Hz are called
subsonic.
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Ultrasound
- soundwaves with frequencies above the
normal human range of hearing.
Sounds in the range from 20-100kHz
Infrasound
- sounds with frequencies below the
normal human range of hearing.
Sounds in the 20-200 Hz range
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Echolocation is a technique used by bats,
dolphins and other animals to determine
the location of objects using reflected
sound.

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Why is it that some people
do not like to hear rock and
roll music?

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How can we really
distinguish noise from
music?

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Noise
The sound vibrations produced by noise
show irregular waves that create an
unpleasant sensation to the ear.

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Music
Music produces sound waves of regular
and uniform pattern.This creates a
pleasant sensation to the ear because
there is rhythm and harmony.

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