The artist and the

artisan
Instructor: Emman Joy J.
Apulog
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 The artist and the artisan
Artist – is considered to be a person with the talent and
the skills to conceptualize and make creative works
- are individuals who have the desire and ability to
envision, design, and fabricate the images, objects and
structures we all encounter, use, occupy, and enjoy every
day of our lives
- is dedicated only to the creative side, making
visually pleasing work only for the enjoyment and
appreciation of the viewer, but with no functional value

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 The artist and the artisan
Artisan or craftsperson– is essentially manual worker
who makes items with his or her hands, and who through
skill, experience and the talent can create things of great
beauty as well as being functional
- a skilled worker, but not the inventor of the original
idea or form
- can also be someone who creates his own designs,
but does not work in art forms or with materials
traditionally associated with the so-called fine arts, such
as paintings and sculpture

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 Medium and techniques of
artist
Medium – is the material used by an artist
to express his/her feelings or thoughts
 The artist thinks, feels and gives
shape to his vision in terms of his
medium
 The medium of arts is classified into
the visual arts and the auditory arts,
or both
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 Medium and techniques of
artist
Visual Arts are grouped into two classes:
1. The dimensional art or two-dimensional
arts (2D) which include painting, drawing,
printmaking and photography.
2. The three-dimensional arts (3D) which
include sculpture, architecture, landscape,
industrial designs and crafts like furniture.

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 Medium and techniques of
artist
Auditory Arts– are those whose mediums
can be heard and which are expressed in
time

 Both visual and auditory whose

mediums can be both seen and heard and
which exist in both space and time

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 Medium and techniques of
artist
Technique – is the manner in which the
artist control his medium to achieve the
desired effect and the ability which he
fulfills the technical requirements of his
particular work of art

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 Techniques related to
paintings
1. Encaustic – the medium for the
powdered color is hot wax which is
painted onto a wood surface with a
brush
- This method produces durable
colors and permits sculpture
modeling of the paint face
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 Techniques related to
paintings
2. Fresco Secco – in the dry plaster or “fresco
secco” technique, pigments are usually mixed
with water, although other substances might
also be used
> Advantages of the technique are the
painting can be done more slowly and
carefully, and changes can be made simply
by over-painting, since colors are opaque
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 Techniques related to
paintings
3. Fresco – also known as “Buon Fresco” or
True Fresco which entails painting on freshly
spread, moist plaster
> First layers of the plaster are applied to the
surface\
> While the final layer is still wet, the artist
applies the colors, which are earth
pigments mixed with water
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 Techniques related to
paintings
4. Egg Tempera – in this method, the pigment is mixed with
egg yolk or both the yolk and white of an egg
> It is thinned with water and applied to a gesso ground
(plaster mixed with a binding) on a panel
> Also used on parchment or paper to illustrate or embellish
books in the era before the 15th century development of the
printing press
> This type of painting dries very quickly and produces an
opaque, matte surface
> The colors produced are bright and saturated

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 Techniques related to
paintings
5. Mosaic – the design is created by small of
colored glass, stone, or ceramic (called
Tesserae), embedded in wet mortar which has
been spread over the surface to be decorated
> Their slightly irregular placement on a
surface creates a very lively, reflective
surface when viewed at a distance

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 Techniques related to
paintings
6. Oil Paint – powdered colors are mixed with
a fine oil, usually linseed oil
> A solvent, traditionally turpentine, is also
used to thin the colors as desired, so that the
paint can be applied thickly and opaquely,
or thinly and transparently
> Fine brushes were used, and a glossy,
smooth finish was achieved
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 Techniques related to
paintings
7. Water Color – powdered pigments are
mixed with gum-Arabic or a similar
substance that will help them adhere to a
surface
> The artist then mixes them with water
and applies them to a ground, usually
paper, with a soft brush

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 Techniques related to
paintings
8. Acrylic – are artificial compounds developed in the 20th
century
> The binder used includes water, and the paints can be
thinned with water, but once the paints dry, they have a
glossy, permanent surface that resembles the surface
created by oils
> These paints can create most of the effects
accomplished in oils, and have the advantage of not
requiring the use of turpentine, which is toxic
> The major disadvantages of acrylic is that unless a
retarding agent is mixed into the paint, it will dry much
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more quickly
 Techniques related to
paintings
9. Collage – the word “collage” comes from
the French verb “coller” meaning “to paste”
> In this technique, photographs, news
clippings or other objects are pasted on the
painting surface and ay be combined with
painted areas
> This technique was first accepted as a
legitimate medium that could augment or be
substituted for painting
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in fine arts in this
 Techniques related to
paintings
10. Drawing - the materials and methods of drawing
are the most basic tools of the artist and the designer
> Work that is intended to be executed in almost any
material – paint, stone, steel, or fabric – may first be
envisioned in a drawing
> Drawing materials are portable
> A sketch pad and a pencil or pen-drawings tend to
have a kind of immediacy, and an intimate quality
that cannot often be seen in painting or printmaking

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 Techniques related to
paintings
11. Printmaking – a print is anything printed
on a surface that is a direct result from the
duplication process
> Advantage of printmaking is the process of
making copies of the original drawing

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 Techniques related to
paintings
The Five Major Types of Prints are:
11.1 Relief – are made by removing material from
the matrix, the surface the image has been curved
into, which is often wood, linoleum or metal
> Letterpress is a relief printing process that
transfers ink to paper but also indents an
impression into the surface of the paper,
creating a texture to the print that is often
considered a sign of high quality
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 Techniques related to
paintings
The Five Major Types of Prints are:
11.2 Intaglio prints – they are made when a
design is scratched into a matrix, usually a
metal plate
> Ink is wiped across the surface and collects
in the scratches
> Excess ink is wiped off and paper is pressed
onto the plate, picking up the ink from the
scratches
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 Techniques related to
paintings
The Five Major Types of Prints are:
11.3 Stencil prints – they are
made by passing inks through a
porous fine mesh matrix

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 Techniques related to
paintings
The Five Major Types of Prints are:
11.4 Woodcut – this kind of technique of
printing designs from planks of wood incised
parallel to the vertical axis of the wood’s grain
> It is one of the oldest methods of making
prints from a relief surface, having been
used in China to decorate textiles since the
5th century

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 Techniques related to
paintings
The Five Major Types of Prints are:
11.5 Engraving - in engraving, the design is cut into
metal with a graver or burin
> The burin is a steel rod with a square or lozenge-
shape section and a slightly bent shank
> The cutting is accomplished by pushing the burin
into the metal plate
> The deeper it penetrates into the metal, the wider the
line; variations in depth create the swelling tapering
character of the engraved line
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The gawad sa manlilikha ng
bayan award (gamaba)
Gawad sa Malilikha ng Bayan
Awards or GAMABA is an
award acknowledges folk and
indigenous artists who, despite
the modern times, remain true to
their traditions
The gawad sa manlilikha ng
bayan award (gamaba)
 GAMABA began as a project of the Phil.
Rotary Club Makati-Ayala
 In 1992, it was adopted by the
government and institutionalized through
Republic Act No. 7335
 This award aims to support and motivate
these artist to preserve their heritage for
the present and future generations
The gawad sa manlilikha ng
bayan award (gamaba)
 As a group, these folk and traditional
artists reflect the diverse heritage and
cultural traditions that transcend their
beginnings to become part of our
national character
 As Filipinos, they bring age-old customs,
crafts and ways of living to the attention
and appreciation of Filipino life
Hereunder are some of the gamaba awardees
and their work of art:
1. Darhata Sawabi – a Tausug weaver of Pis
Syabit, the traditional cloth tapestry worn
as a head cover;
2. Eduardo Mutuc – an artist from Apalit,
Pampanga who has dedicated his life to
creating religious and secular art in silver,
bronze and wood;
Hereunder are some of the gamaba awardees
and their work of art:
3. Haja Amina Appi – recognized as master mat
weaver among the Sama indigenous community
for her unique designs, straightness of her edging
(tabig), and fineness of her sasa and kima-kima
4. Alonzo Saclag - a Kalinga master of dance
and the performing arts who mastered not only
the Kalinga musical instruments but also her
dance patterns and movements associated with
her peoples’ ritual
Hereunder are some of the gamaba awardees
and their work of art:
5. Federico Caballero – a Salud
Bukidnon epic chanter from Kalinog, Iloilo
who ceaselessly works for the
documentation of the oral literature,
particularly the epics of his people;
6. Uwang Ahadas – a Yakan musician who
is a master of the kwintangan, kayu, and
tuntungan instruments;
Hereunder are some of the gamaba awardees
and their work of art:
7. Lang Dulay – a T’boli traditional
weaver of T’nalak or T’boli cloth made of
colorful abaca fabrics;
8. Salinta Monon – a Tagbanua Bagobo
traditional weaver of distinct abaca fabrics
called inabal;
Hereunder are some of the gamaba awardees
and their work of art:
9. Ginaw Bilog – is a Hanunuo Mangyan
poet who is considered as a master of
ambahan poetry
10. Masino Intaray – a prolific and pre-
eminent epic chanter and story-teller
recognized for his outstanding mastery of
various traditional musical instruments of
the Palawan people such as basal, kulilal,
andbagil
 Performance arts
Performance art – is an interdisciplinary art
form that brings together elements of time,
space, bodies and audiences
• Can be live or via media; the performer
can be present or absent
• Can be any situation that involves four
basic elements: time, space, the
performer’s body or presence in a
medium and a relationship between
performer and audience
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 Performance arts
Performance art – refers to the forms of art
where an artist uses his own face, body and
presence
• The major types of performing arts
include:
 Music
 Opera
 Dance
 Drama and spoken words
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 Performance arts
1. Music – is a form of art whose medium is
silence and sound
 The word “music” was derived from the
Greek word “mousike” which means the
art of the muses
 The common elements of music include
rhythm, pitch, dynamics, timbre and texture
 Can be assorted into different genres or
subgenres, although the division of these
genres are usually vague and subtle
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 Performance arts
2. Opera – is a form of performing arts wherein
musicians and singers perform a dramatic work
that combines texts, which is called libretto and
musical score
- The art incorporates a lot of elements of
spoken theatre, including scenery, acting
and costumes
- Sometimes it also include dance
- The performance in an Opera is usually
done in an opera house
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 Performance arts
3. Dance – is a form of performing arts that refers to the art
of moving the body rhythmically and usually in accordance
to music
• Used as a form of social interaction and
expression, or it is commonly presented in a
performance or spiritual setting
• Also seen as a form of nonverbal communication,
a type of communication where words are not used
- It can also be social, participatory and performed
for an audience
- It can as well be erotic, ceremonial or competitive
in purpose
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 Performance arts
4. Drama – refers to a mode of fiction presented in a
performance
• The word “drama” originated from the Greek word
“drao” which means action
• Usually enacted by actors on a stage for an
audience

Spoken words is often used as an entertainment or

musical term, referring to works that are intended to
be performed by a single person who will speak by
himself naturally
• Is said to b more akin to speaking or narration
• Are consisted of37poetry, storytelling or
 transcreation
Transcreation – is a term used chiefly by
advertising and marketing professionals to
refer to the process of adopting a message from
one language to another, while maintaining its
intent, style, tone and context
 Is used in global marketing and
advertising campaigns as advertisers
seek to transcend the boundaries of
cultures and language
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Thank you
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