Programming Constructs

 Operators
 Decision control statements
 Loops

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 Operators

Arithmetic Logical Relational

+ & ==
- | !=
* ! <
/ <=
** ^ >
%% >=

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 Operators

Logical operators
a !a
NOT TRUE FALSE
FALSE TRUE

AND OR
a b a&b a b a|b
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE
FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE
FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
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 Decision control

 Branching – decision control statements

 Follow a branch based on condition

 Types of decision control statements:

o If
o If…else
o If…else if...else
o switch

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 Decision control

if x>0 if x>0 if x>0

+ve +ve +ve
else if x<0
else
-ve
Not
else
+ve
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 Loops

 To iterate over a sequence

 To loop through, cycle through a set of statements multiple times

 Types of loops:
o Repeat – Looped at least once
o While – Condition is validated to begin with loop
o For – Iterate over a sequence

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