ADVANCED BUILDING STRUCTURES

High-rise building Structures

Long span structures

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 lecture 1
HIGH-RISE BUILDING
STRUCTURES

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 High-rise buildings
INTRODUCTION
The term structural system in Structural
engineering refers to the load resisting sub-system
of a structure.

live load,
dead load, &
environment load

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 High-rise buildings
INTRODUCTION
Loads are transferred through
interconnected structural components or
members.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 High-rise buildings

INTRODUCTION
Commonly used structures can be classified
into five major categories, depending on
the type of primary stress that may arise in
the members of the structures under major
design loads.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 High-rise buildings

INTRODUCTION
1. Tensile structures
2. Compressive structures
3. Trusses
4. Shear structures
5. Bending structures

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 High-rise buildings

INTRODUCTION
1. Tensile structures
Members of tensile structures are subject to
pure tension under the action of external
loads

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 High-rise buildings

INTRODUCTION
2. Compressive structures
Compression structures develop mainly
compressive stresses under the action of
axial loads.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 High-rise buildings

INTRODUCTION
3. Trusses
Trusses are composed of straight members
connected at their ends by hinged
connections to form a stable configuration.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 High-rise buildings

INTRODUCTION
3. Trusses
Because of their light weight and high
strength, they are among the most
commonly used types of structure.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 High-rise buildings

INTRODUCTION
4. Shear structures
Shear structures are used in multistory
buildings to reduce lateral movements due
to wind loads and earthquake excitations.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 High-rise buildings

INTRODUCTION
5. Bending structures
Bending structures develop mainly bending
stresses under the action of external loads.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 HIGH-RISE BUILDING
STRUCTURES

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 HIGH-RISE BUILDING
STRUCTURES
The structural system of a high-
rise building is designed to cope with
vertical gravity loads as well as lateral
loads caused by wind or seismic activity.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 HIGH-RISE BUILDING STRUCTURES
A classification for the structural system of a
high-rise was introduced in 1969 by  Fazlur
Khan and was extended to incorporate
interior and exterior structures.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 HIGH-RISE BUILDING STRUCTURES
The primary lateral load-resisting system
defines if a structural system is an interior or
exterior one.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 HIGH-RISE BUILDING STRUCTURES
Interior structures Exterior Structures
Hinged frame Diagrid
Rigid frame Tube structures
Braced frame
Outrigger

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 INTERIOR STRUCTURES
HINGED FRAME structures
A slight deformation is allowed at connections
subjected to a moment.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 INTERIOR STRUCTURES
HINGED FRAME structures
Height efficiency = 10 floors

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 INTERIOR STRUCTURES
RIGID FRAME structures
Moment resisting
frame(MRF) consists of
horizontal and vertical
members connected
together in a planar grid
form.
The size of the column is
mainly controlled by the
gravity load while the beam
is by lateral load.
Course No. Arch6211
Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 INTERIOR
STRUCTURES
RIGID FRAME
structures
Height efficiency
Steel = 30 floors
Concrete = 20 floors
- Column size increases
towards the base of the
building.
Course No. Arch6211
Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 INTERIOR STRUCTURES
BRACED FRAME
structures
Height efficiency
40 floors
- Either shear wall or shear
truss is combined with
frame structure to resist the
lateral load by wind or earth
quake.
Course No. Arch6211
Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 INTERIOR STRUCTURES
OUTRIGGER structures
- May contain one or more
cores connected by
outrigger to provide
column free space.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 INTERIOR STRUCTURES
OUTRIGGER structures
- Constructed out of steel
trusses or reinforced
concrete.

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 EXTERIOR
STRUCTURES
DIAGRID structures
- Conventional vertical
columns are eliminated in
diagrid structures.

- The core can be designed

to carry only gravity load.
Course No. Arch6211
Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 EXTERIOR
STRUCTURES
DIAGRID structures

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 EXTERIOR
STRUCTURES
DIAGRID structures

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 EXTERIOR
STRUCTURES
TUBE structures

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 EXTERIOR
STRUCTURES
TUBE structures

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 Comparison of structural systems – summary

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 Lecture 2
LONG SPAN STRUCTURES

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 Assignment 1: 20% Team work of 2 students
Select a world class high-rise building that has one of the
following structural systems: - Shear frame
- Interacting system/hybrid
- Partial tubular system
- Tubular system
1. Study primary and secondary structural support
mechanisms and member connection systems.
2. Study the impact of structural systems on architectural
program/spatial quality
Research output = Report paper & partial skeletal
model of 1:100 scale.
Course No. Arch6211
Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com
 Thank You!

Course No. Arch6211

Instructor: Dawit Melaku (MSc. In Advanced Architecture) Email: dawitmelak47@gmail.com