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Computational Thinking: Slide-2
Computational Thinking: Slide-2
Computational Thinking: Slide-2
Computational
Concept
Objectives
- Explain how to apply a systematic
approach to problem-solving.
- Discuss how to create a problem
definition.
- Introduce strategies and considerations
for the devising of solutions.
- Explain decomposition as a problem-
solving strategy.
- Show the benefits of generalising from
patterns in problems as well as techniques
for creating them.
CT Approach
Abstraction -Pulling out specific differences to Algorithm - A list of steps that you can
make one solution work for multiple problems follow to finish a task
Decompose - Break a problem down into Pattern Matching - Finding similarities between
smaller pieces things
Compute 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 198 + 199 + 200 ?
• See a pattern? (pattern matching)
How many of these pairs will we have? What is the
Answer: last pair we will find? 100 + 101
- Decompose That means that we have 100 total pairs.
Let's start at the two ends. If we have 100 total pairs of sums of 201, how do
What is 200 + 1? we find the final total?
What is 100 * 201?
What is 199 + 2? Now, what if we wanted to find the trick to do this
What is 198 + 3? with other numbers?
• Abstraction
• Can we do it easily with 2,000? • If we use abstractions to make our end
• How about 20,000? goal something that can change (say we
name it "blank") then we can make an
• What stays the same? What is different?
Algorithm that will work for any number
Komputasi dan Kalkulasi
- To Compute, to Calculate
- Calculation melibatkan
perhitungan angka
- Computation lebih luas dari
Calculation
- Kalkulasi dapat dibuat
komputasinya
- Greatest Common Divisor (GCD);
Mencari akar-akar persamaan
kuadrat; Mengkonversi suhu dari
skala Celsius ke Fahrenheit; dsb
- Hal yang dapat dikomputasikan
belum tentu melibatkan aktifitas
perhitungan angka
Computing Machine
- Secara definisi matematis, sebuah
Mesin Komputasi terdiri atas:
- Himpunan Simbol
- Pita
- Pengendali (Controller / Automata)
- Simbol ditulis dalam Pita
- Panjang Pita diasumsikan tak berhingga
- Pengendali melakukan rangkaian aksi
berdasarkan simbol-simbol yang dibaca dari
Pita
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=84pbZSt_a9k
Komputasi
- Mesin Komputasi diwujudkan dalam
komponen-komponen CPU, RAM, dan
perangkat Luaran/Masukan (I/O device)
dalam sebuah arsitektur von Neumann
- Siklus Fetch-Decode-Execute
- Semua tahapan dalam Mesin Komputasi
dilaksanakan secara berurut (Sequential)
Problem Solving
Pólya, “How to Solve It”
(1973) advocates: