KOMUNIKASI ANTAR SEL

IRMA YUNIAR WARDHANI, M.Pd.

 JENIS KOMUNIKASI ANTAR SEL

• 1. Komunikasi Langsung (dekat)  melalui

Junctions
• 2. Komunikasi Lokal  Parakrin dan Sinapsis
• 3. Komunikasi Jarak Jauh  Endokrin
 1. . Komunikasi Langsung (dekat)  melalui
Junctions
Terdapat celah/ruang yang menghubungkan sel
hewan satu dengan sel hewan lain yang disebut
intercelluler junctions. Intercelluler junctions
dibagi menjadi tiga:
a.Tight junctions
b.Desmosomes
c.Gap junctions
 TIGHT JUNCTIONS

Tight junction At tight junctions, the membranes of

Tight junctions prevent
fluid from moving
neighboring cells are very tightly pressed
across a layer of cells against each other, bound together by
specific proteins (purple). Forming continu-
ous seals around the cells, tight junctions
prevent leakage of extracellular fluid across
A layer of epithelial cells.
0.5 µm

DESMOSOMES

Desmosomes (also called anchoring

Tight junctions junctions) function like rivets, fastening cells
Intermediate Together into strong sheets. Intermediate
filaments Filaments made of sturdy keratin proteins
Anchor desmosomes in the cytoplasm.
Desmosome

Gap
junctions 1 µm
GAP JUNCTIONS

Gap junctions (also called communicating

junctions) provide cytoplasmic channels from
one cell to an adjacent cell. Gap junctions
Extracellular consist of special membrane proteins that
matrix surround a pore through which ions, sugars,
Space
between Gap junction amino acids, and other small molecules may
cells Plasma membranes pass. Gap junctions are necessary for commu-
of adjacent cells nication between cells in many types of tissues,
including heart muscle and animal embryos.
Figure 6.31 0.1 µm
2. Komunikasi Lokal  Parakrin dan Sinapsis
A. PENSINYALAN PARAKRIN
B. PENSINYALAN SINAPSIS
3. Komunikasi Jarak Jauh  Endokrin
PENSINYALAN ENDOKRIN
 TAHAP-TAHAP PENSINYALAN
CAIRAN SITOPLASMA
EKSTRASELULAR Membran plasma

Reseptor

Aktivasi
Respons
selular

Molekul relai dalam jalur transduksi sinyal

Molekul
sinyal
 Jenis-jenis reseptor
• 1. Reseptor Saluran Ion
• 2. Reseptor Tirosin Kinase
• 3. Reseptor terkopel Protein G
1. Reseptor Saluran Ion
Molekul Gaerbang
tertutup Ion-ion
Sinyal
(ligan)

Reseptor saluran ion Membran

Bergerbang-ligan Plasma

Gerbang
terbuka

Respons
selular

Gerbang
tertutup
 2. Reseptor Tirosin Kinase
Molekul Situs pengikatan-ligan
sinyal (ligan)
Molekul
Heliks  di sinyal
membran

Tyr Tyr
Tyr Tyr Tyr Tyr
Tirosin Tyr Tyr
Tyr Tyr Tyr Tyr
Tyr Tyr
Tyr Tyr Tyr Tyr

Protein reseptor
Tirosin kinase Dimer
SITOPLASMA
(monomer inaktif)

Respons
Tyr Tyr P Tyr Tyr P P Tyr Tyr P
Tyr P Tyr P Tyr Tyr P
Selular 1
Tyr Tyr P
Tyr Tyr P Tyr Tyr P P Tyr Tyr P Respons
6 ATP 6 ADP
Selular 2

Wilayah tirosin Reseptor tirosin kinase

Kinase yang teraktivasi Yang sepenuhnya Protein
(dimer tak terfosforilasi) Teraktivasi (dimer terfosforilasi)
relai
inaktif
 3. Reseptor Terkopel-Protein G
Situs pengikatan molekul sinyal

Segmen yang
Berinteraksi
Dengan protein G

Reseptor Reseptor Enzim

Membran plasma Molekul sinyal
Terkopel-protein G teraktivasi inaktif

GDP
Protein G
SITOPLASMA Enzim GDP GTP
(INAKTIF)

Enzim uang
teraktivasi

GTP Pi
GDP

Respons selular