Lecture: Approaches for Housing Delivery

&
Inter-disciplinary theories

MUP-1103
Housing & Community Planning
[N R Mandal]
 Approaches [Overall]:

• Approach of shelter for all in sustainable habitat

• Affordable housing
• Inclusive Housing
• Social Housing as special intervention
• Supply of developed Land for facilitating
Housing
• Regulating housing development for
environmental sustainability & social inclusion
 Approaches w.r.t. Finance / Cost for Affordable Housing

• Self Help Approach

• Approach of Cross- Subsidy
• Approach of Subsidy in Housing Loans for poor / regulation
of interest rates
– Sliding interest rates on Housing Loans
• Approach of Reverse Mortgage
• Approach of Low Income Housing Tax Credit
• Approach of Housing Choice Voucher
• Rental Housing
• Regulated Incremental Housing through Bye-laws/ norms [to
avoid speculation]
• R&D support for innovative bldg. Materials/techniques
– Building centre movement
 Approaches w.r.t. Land & Lay-Out

• Land Banking
• Land Re-adjustment
• Land pooling
• Land Sharing
• SRZ [Special Residential Zones]
– Confederation of Real Estate Developer’s Association of
India [CREDAI]
• SRC [Special Residential Corridors]
– National Real Estate Development Council, India
[NAREDCO]
• Growth Pole System and In-fill Approach
• Zoning and Sub-division regulations
 Approaches w.r.t. Lay-Out & Design

• Site & Services Approach

• Group Housing,
• Cooperative, SFS Housing approaches
• Approach of focussing on High rise / Low rise for
different income categories
• Personal Floors
• Flexi Housing
• Mass-scale Industrialized Housing Systems /
Panelised Housing
• Sustainable and Energy Efficient Housing [Approach
of Carbon credits, local regulations]
• The typical approach of affordable housing
views cost reduction as one single determinant
• However, methodological research & theories on
housing tries to study / explain:
– a) place attachment and b) home appropriateness
since they collectively represent a critical relationship
between the physical characteristics of a housing unit
(which needs to be seen from a “home” perspective),
the degree of satisfaction of the existing home
environment, and the preference of the home and the
overall residential environment of the future.
 Trans-disciplinary Theories
• Theories related to aesthetic or formal interpretation,
• Theories related to typological approach;
• Evolutionary theories and physical explanations such as building
technology and climatic aspects;
• Theories related to social explanations such as defence theory and
household structure; socio-cultural factors; and religious practices
• Lifestyle theories [Lifestyles of potential users]
– Hojrup’s work based theory: Self-employed life mode, wage earner life
mode, and career oriented life mode
– Douglas’s attitude based theory: Competition and individualism;
isolation and avoidance of social controls; equity and negotiation; and
hierarchical communities
– Bourdieu’s status based theory: Habitus, position, and distinction
• Theory of structuration [Giddens]
– pertain to the relationship between the structure of society and the
physical environment, namely the concept of place [time – geography]
• In General, there are: Theories of Housing -Sociology, -Economics,
-Geography, -Ethnography etc.