BUILDING SERVICES – III

[ HVAC & FIRE SAFETY]

Manu Sivadas
Assistant Professor
Marian Engineering College
 OBJECTIVE
To provide the basic knowledge of heating,
ventilation, air conditioning and fire protection in
buildings.

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SYLLABUS

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Modes
Conduction
Convection
Radiation

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The process, in which heat energy is
transferred from one system to
another system due to movement of
particles through large distances.

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 EXPLANATION
In fluids (liquids or gases) heat
transfer from one place to
another,inside a system,takes
place through convection.
This mode of transfer of heat
requires a material medium.
The molecules take heat
energy and their kinetic
energy increases and they
carry heat through large
distances.
•VENTILATORS: Ventilators are provided in the walls
of a room near the ceiling, which help to keep the room
temperature moderate by continuous circulation of air.
The air inside the room gets impure and heated due
to our breathing. This hot air rises up and passes out
through ventilators, thus allowing space for currents of
fresh air from outside windows or doors.
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As air warmed at the Equator rises towards the
poles, the rotation of the Earth causes it to deflect
and flow back towards the Equator. In the northern
hemisphere, the winds blow from the east to the
west, while they blow in the opposite direction in
the southern hemisphere. These winds tend to be
much stronger over open water than they are across
land, which has made them ideal for sailors.
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 LAND BREEZES AND SEA BREEZES:

Land is better conductor of heat than water. hence in day time,

the land gets hotter than in the sea. The air above the land
becomes warm and rises up being lighter and some what cold
air above sea surface moves towards the sea shore. This is
known as sea breeze.

During night land becomes cooler than water and so warm

air over the water in sea rises up. The air on the land near
the seaManushore
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land breeze
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RADIATION

DEFINITION
“The process in which heat energy travels from
one
system to another in the form of electromagnetic
waves with no need of material medium is
called
Radiation.”
EXPLAINATION: In radiation heat travels from
one system to another in the form of
electromagnetic
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Heat from the sun reaches earth by
radiation

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THERMO FLASK – DEWAR’S
BOTTLE

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THERMO FLASK – DEWAR’S
BOTTLE
A vacuum flask (also known as a Dewar flask, Dewar
bottle or Thermos) is an insulating storage vessel that
keeps its contents hotter or cooler than its surroundings.
Invented by Sir James Dewar in 1892.
USE:Vacuum flasks are used domestically to
keep beverages hot or cold for extended periods, and
for
many purposes in industry.

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The vacuum flask consists of two flasks, placed one within
the other and joined at the neck. The gap between the two
flasks is partially evacuated of air, creating a near-vacuum
which prevents heat transfer by conduction or convection.
Heat transfer by thermal radiation may be minimized by
silvering
flask surfaces facing the gap. Most heat transfer occurs
through the flask's neck and opening, where there is
no vacuum. Vacuum flasks are commonly made
of metal, glass, foam, or plastic, and have
their opening stopper with cork or plastic
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