TDM - Kelas A - Lithium

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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

"Lithium”

Wahyu Yuliana Solikah (1607062022)


Nabillah BMM (1607062023)
Sudin (1607062024)
Arie Dwi Pratiwi (1607062025)
Khairul Huda (1607062026)
Venty Dewintasari (1607062027)
Nova anggreni (1607062028)
Kasus
 A 36 years-old male patient with a history of
bipolar disorder controlled with lithium is
admitted with coarse tremor and loss of co-
ordination. The patient is maintained on
lithium slow release tablets (priadel) 400 mg
twice daily. A serum lithium level is reported
as 1,4 mmol/L.
Introduction
 TDM is the clinical practice of measuring
spesific drugs at designated intervals to make
maintan a counstan consentration in a patient
bloodstream. ( An education guide)
 (menentukan interval dosis agar tercapai

kosentrasi yang konstant dalam darah)


Lithium
 Indikasi : terapi dan pencegahan penyakit
mania, bipolar disorder, depresi kambuhan.
 Efek samping : Gangguan GI, Tremor,

kerusakan ginjal, polidipsi, leukositosis,


hiperparatiroid dan hiperkalsemia.
 Struktur :
Contoh Produk Lithium
recommended serum concentration range for
lithium in the BNF
 Lithium salts have a narrow therapeutic/toxic ratio
and should therefore not be prescribed unless
facilities for monitoring serum-lithium
concentrations are available. Samples should be
taken12 hours after the dose to achieve a serum-
lithium concentration of 0.4–1 mmol/litre (lower
end of the range for maintenance therapy and
elderly patients). A target serum-lithium
concentration of 0.8–1 mmol/litre is recommended
for acute episodes of mania, and for patients who
have previously relapsed or have subsyndromal
symptoms.
Baselines test and monitoring
interaksi
List the posible explanation for this patient high lithium level and what question you will ask
the patient

1. Terapi keracunan litium dengan hidrasi


menggunakan IV sodium chloride 0.9%.
2. Menggali informasi terkait riwayat penyakit
pasien.
3. Cek fungsi ginjal
4. Memberikan konseling kepada pasien
terkait gejala toksisitas litium, seperti
tremor, ataxia, nistagmus, kerusakan
ginjal, konvulsi/kejang, jika terjadi gejala
tersebut segera kerumah sakit.
 The patient admits to borrowing some of his
mother’s arthritis tablets for a migraine that had
been bothering him for several days. Check the
BNF appendix 1 and list the possible drugs the that
interact with lithium that are also for symptoms
relief of arhtiritis

 Obat arthritis berupa golongan NSAID dapat


berinteraksi dengan litium sehingga dapat
meningkatkan toksisitasnya, maka jika pasien
mengalami keluhan migrain disarankan untuk
memeriksakan kepada dokter supaya mendapat
penanganan yang tepat.
 How should this patient be managed once the
lithium toxicity has resolved.
Untuk menghindari agar tidak terjadi toksisitas
kembali, maka tugas apoteker memberikan
konseling pemahaman obat litium kepada
keluarga pasien. Khususnya konseling terhadap
gejala toksisitas dari lithium. Agar kejadian
tersebut tidak terulang, maka jika pasien
mengalami gejala toksisitas, kekambuhan
penyakit, dan ada penyakit lain disarankan
untuk langsung konsultasi kepada dokter
terkait terapi pengobatannya.
 Wisnu
 Kapan dilakukan monitoring terhadap efek

samping obat.
 Jawab
 Tepatnya dimulai sejak 12 jam setelah

mengkonsumsi obat jika tidak terdapat


masalah maka dilanjutkan dan dilakukan
monitoring 3 bulan selanjutnya

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