MCT-334 INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

• Timers & Response Diagrams

• Counters

Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk

TIMERS & RESPONSE DIAGRAMS

Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk

Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk

• Control tasks require the

programming of time
• PLC timers are realized in the form
Introduction of software modules & are based
on the generation of digital timing
• Counted clock pulses are derived
from Quartz Generator of
microprocessor
• Desired time duration is set in
control program
 • EN 61131-3 defines three
types of timer function
blocks
• TP : Pulse timing
• TON : On-delay timing
• TOFF : Off-delay timing
• Defined character format for
time duration is shown.

Introduction
Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk
 • Pulse timer is shown.
• Starts with shorter or longer 1-
Signal at input IN
• Now 1-Signal appears at
output Q for the time specified
at PT => Output has fixed
duration that can be specified
by means of time specification
• It can not be started again
while pulse timer is active
• Current time value of PT is
available at ET
Pulse Timer
Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk
 Pressing of the start button
S2 is to cause the piston of a
cylinder to advance. This
mechanism is to be used to
clamp workpieces. When the
piston has advanced fully, it is
to remain in this position for
20 seconds. The cylinder then
returns to its initial position.

Case Study Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk

For Pulse Timer
 • Function Block TON is used
to generate switch-on signal
delays
• With 1-Signal at input IN,
Output Q does not assume
value 1 until specified time at
PT has expired
• Output Q retains 1-Signal
until IN returns to 0
• Output Q remains 0 if
duration of IN is shorter than
that of PT
Switch-On Delay
Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk
 Cylinder 1A1 extends, if start
button S1 is actuated. Once
this has been extended for 2
seconds, a second cylinder
2A1 moves to its forward end
position. Sensors 1B1 and
1B2 indicate the retracted
and the forward end
positions of cylinder 1A1.

Case Study Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk

For Switch-On Delay
 • Function Block TOF is used to
generate switch-off signal
delays
• With 1-Signal at input IN,
Output Q assumes value 1
• When IN reverted to 0,
output Q remains 1 until
specified time PT has expired

Switch-Off Delay
Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk
 Following the actuation of a
push button, the cylinder of a
stamping device is to extend
momentarily. When the push
button is released, the
cylinder is to retract only
after a stamping period of 30
seconds.

Case Study Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk

For Switch-Off Delay
COUNTERS

Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk

Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk

• Used to detect piece numbers and events

• EN 61131-3 differentiates between three
different counter modules:
• CTU : Incremental counter
• CTD : Decremental counter
• CTUD : Incremental / Decremental
Introduction counter
• Used to detect standard, non time critical
counting
• “High Speed Counters”, Frequency in excess
of 50 Hz.
• Separate Counter modules for this purpose
 • Known as CTU (count up)
• Set to its initial value 0 by
applying signal 1 at R
• Current counter status can be
checked at output CV (current
value)
• Counter value increases with
each positive edge input at CU
• CV is being compared with PV
all the time during operation
• When PV=CV then Output Q
becomes 1

Incremental Counter
Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk
 Parts are to be ejected from a
gravity-feed magazine via a cylinder.
IF push button S1 is actuated, the
cylinder is to advance, eject a
workpiece and then retract again.
15 parts are to be ejected in this
way. When 15 parts have been
ejected, it should no longer be
possible to trigger a cylinder
movement via push button S1. First
the counter must be reset by
actuating push button S2.

Case Study Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk

For Incremental Counter
 Parts are to be ejected from a
gravity-feed magazine via a cylinder.
IF push button S1 is actuated, the
cylinder is to advance, eject a
workpiece and then retract again.
15 parts are to be ejected in this
way. When 15 parts have been
ejected, it should no longer be
possible to trigger a cylinder
movement via push button S1. First
the counter must be reset by
actuating push button S2.

Case Study Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk

For Incremental Counter
 • Known as DTU (count down)
• Decremental counter with PV
is loaded with Signal-1 at LD
• Current counter status can be
checked at output CV (current
value)
• Counter value decreases with
each positive edge input at CD
• CV is being compared with PV
all the time during operation
• When CV=<0 then Output Q
becomes 1

Decremental Counter
Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk
 A cylinder is moved via a valve 1Y1.
The position of the cylinder is signaled
via the sensors 1B1 (retracted) and
1B2 (extended). The cylinder is to
advance, if push button S1 is pressed.
When 10 strokes have been executed
in this way, lamp H1 is illuminated and
the counter has expired. The counter
must be re-loaded with the preselect
value, before any cylinder movements
can be executed further. This is
effected by means of actuating push
button S2.

Case Study Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk

For Decremental Counter
 A cylinder is moved via a valve 1Y1.
The position of the cylinder is signaled
via the sensors 1B1 (retracted) and
1B2 (extended). The cylinder is to
advance, if push button S1 is pressed.
When 10 strokes have been executed
in this way, lamp H1 is illuminated and
the counter has expired. The counter
must be re-loaded with the preselect
value, before any cylinder movements
can be executed further. This is
effected by means of actuating push
button S2.

Case Study Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk

For Decremental Counter
 • Combines Incremental &
Decremental counter
• QU : CV >= PV
• QD : CV <= 0
• Decremental counter can
only be used after loading
start value via Signal-1 at LD

Incremental / Decremental
Counter Lecture By Engr. Umar Virk
Thank You