WRITING LITERATURE REVIEW

BAHASA INGGRIS 2

RIZKI MELIANI RUSTAN, S.Pd., M.Pd

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Outline:
1 What is literature review?

2 Key concept of literature review

3 Parts of literature review

Key points in writing literature review

4

5 Strategies in writing literature review

 Welcome!!
Today we are going to learn about how to start writing your literature review.
What is literature review?

A literature review is a description

of the literature relevant to a
particular field or topic. It gives an
overview of what has been said,
who the
key writers are, what are the
prevailing theories and hypotheses, It is not in itself primary research,
what questions are being asked, but rather it reports on other findings
and what methods and Describe
methodologies are appropriate and
useful.
Summarize Clarify

Literature reviews are designed to

provide an overview of sources you
have explored while researching a
particular topic and to demonstrate
to your readers how your research
fits into the larger field of study
Cont…

A literature review is an objective, through summary and critical analysis

of the relevant available research and non-research literature on the topic
being studied (Hart, 1998; Cronin, et al., 2008). Its goal is to bring the
reader up-to-date with current literature on a topic and form the basis
for another goal, such as the justification for future research in the area.
A good literature review gathers information about a particular subject
from many sources. It is well written and contains few of any personal
biases. It should contain a clear search and selection strategy
(Carnwell and Daly, 2001; Cronin, et al., 2008).
 Key concept of literature review
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A search of the literature available

on a given subject area.

An evaluation of the literature,

including its scope.

A well-structured and argued

written account of the
literature that provides an Key concept of literature
overview and critique. review
Cont..
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A literature review discusses published information

01 in a particular subject area, and sometimes information
in a particular subject area within a certain time period.

A literature review of a mature topic addresses the need

for a critique of, and the potential reconceptualization of,
02 the expanding and more diversified knowledge
base of the topic as it continues to develop.

Literature review addresses new or emerging topics

that would benefit from a holistic conceptualization
03 and synthesis of the literature. Because these
topics are relatively new and have not yet
undergone a
comprehensive review of the literature,

The review is more likely to lead to an initial or preliminary

04 conceptualization of the topic like a new model or framework.
Parts of literature review
Literature review generally has five parts

Discussion &
Introduction Methods Body
conclusion

Reference list
Parts of literature review
 Key points in writing literature review
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Regardless of the manner in which the main body of the review is framed, there are key points that must be
considered

Second, summarize individual studies in detail

01 02
First, Group research studies and other appropriate to its comparative importance in the literature
literature according to common and to its
denominators such as qualitative or relevance for your research.
quantitative approaches, purposes,
theories, methodologies, or conclusions. Order the abstractions (main ideas)
from general to specific, deciding
which sources have contributions to
make to which concepts. You will then
present more specific information

04
from the sources, using in-text

Third, Use figures and/ or tables to present your own synthesis of

the original data or to show key data taken directly from
the original papers. In order for your reader to move through your
03 citation, to discuss the abstractions in
more
detail and to point out areas of
agreement or debate among sources.
information with ease while keeping the big picture in view, order Your body paragraphs should work to
your body paragraphs in the same way that you did in not
the statement about how your literature review will proceed. \only summarize what sources have
said, but to demonstrate relationships
between them.
Strategies for Writing a Literature Review
After finding / reading the relevant articles, proceed by:
a) Organizing: The first step is to develop a framework for the review: this can
be done by identifying the key articles or the key areas of knowledge
b) (depending on the organizational structure chosen), and associating papers
with specific areas of knowledge.
c) This set of topics or papers should form the sections of your literature
review; however, you’ll need to organize these topics logically, and develop
transitions between the sections.
b) Summarizing: The second step involves identifying each article’s
contribution to the area of knowledge.
You may be summarizing an entire article, or just including a brief reference to
the article. When summarizing an article, ask the following questions:

1.What is the author’s purpose?

2.What are the writer’s assumptions?
3.What are the author’s main claims (conclusions)?  How are they supported;
how have they been qualified ?
This second step should leave you with a clear idea of what the author is saying.
Cont…

c) Evaluating: In the final step, you need to assess the work done in the key area of
knowledge or by the pivotal paper, in order to establish:

 How previous work has left a gap, because of either inadequate assumptions or
inconclusive findings;
 How previous research will be applied in a new context; or
 How general disagreement or different views on the subject create a need for a solution

In evaluating each article, consider the following questions:

 How strong are the basic components of the study design? Could the problem have been
approached more effectively from another perspective or with different assumptions?
 Are the paper’s conclusions well warranted by evidence from research? Is the evidence
from the research conclusive? Or are there limitations to the research?
 How does this paper contribute to our understanding of the problem/issue?
 How does the paper relate to your research ?
Cont…

In evaluating several papers on a specific topic, ask these questions:

•What are the significant points of agreement between articles?

•Where the research disagrees, is one researcher more conclusive than another?
•How can you fit the articles together to build a logical argument that furthers your
purpose ?
 Thank you
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