Quadratic

Functions
Odessa Len B. Santillan
 V
EQUATION FUNCTION
S

x + 5 = 10 f(x) = x + 5
2
𝑥 + 𝑥+ 1=0
  g(x) h(x)
 What is a quadratic function?

A
 
function of the second degree is called a quadratic function.

“A function f is a quadratic function defined by

where a, b, and c are real numbers and .”

 f(x) = ax2 + bx + c

Quadratic Term Linear Term Constant Term

2
What is the linear term of y = 4x – 3? 0x
2
What is the linear term of y = x - 5x ? -5x
2
What is the constant term of y = x – 5x? 0
Can the quadratic term be zero? No!
Parabolas
The graph of a quadratic polynomial is called a parabola.
The lowest or highest point on the graph of a quadratic function is called the vertex.

Axis of
Symmetry vertex
p(x) = ax2 + bx + c

Axis of
Symmetry
vertex

a>0 a<0
Recognizing Quadratic1. Equation

Functions
2. Table of values

3. Graph
Recognizing QF by Equation
Standard Form
 
Show that g represents a quadratic function. Identify a, b, and c.

g ( x )   3 x  2  x  7 
g ( x )   3 x  2  x  7  a3
 3 x  21x  2 x  14
2
b  19
 3 x  19 x  14
2
c  14
Show that g represents a quadratic function. Identify a, b, and c.

g ( x )   2  x  8  5 x  2 
g ( x )  2 x  8 5 x  2 
a  10
   2 x  16  5 x  2 
 10 x  4 x  80 x  32
2 b  76
 10 x  76 x  32
2
c  32
Show that g represents a quadratic function. Identify a, b, and c.

g ( x)   x  6  4
2

g ( x)   x  6  4
2 a 1
  x  6  x  6   4
 x  6 x  6 x  36  4
2
b  12
 x  12 x  32
2
c  32
Determine if the given function is a
quadratic function or not.

a. f(x) = x – x + 3
2

b. g(x) = 2x (3x + 2)
c. h(x) = 2x (x – 1) 2
 a. f(x) = x2 – x + 3
Since, a = 1 ≠ 0 and f(x) is of the second degree, then, it is a
quadratic function.

b. g(x) = 2x (3x + 2) distributive property

= 6x2 + 4x
Since, a = 6 ≠ 0 and g(x) is of the second degree, then, it is a
quadratic function.
 c. h(x) = 2x (x – 1)2 expand
= 2x (x2 – 2x + 1)
= 2x3 – 4x2 + 2x

The function h(x) is of the third degree. Hence, h(x) is not a

quadratic function.
 
Activity: Identify whether QF or not.
VERTEX FORM OF QUADRATIC FUNCTION

f(x) = a(x - h) + k 2

The vertex is (h, k)

 ,
Vertex Form f(x) = a(x - h) + k
2

Give the value of a, h, and k

a.   a = -1, h = 3, k = 9

b. g a = -3, h = -1, k = -4
Transform each quadratic
function into vertex form. Then,
give the value of h and k.
 
a. f(x) =
b. g(x) =
  
Note: In finding (h, k) if its in
standard form, use the
formula:
Recognizing QF by Table of
Values
Second Difference Test
“A relation f is a QF if equal differences in the independent variable
x produce nonzero equal second differences in the function value
f(x).”
 Observe how the
second difference is
applied in the
following examples
Examples:
 

a.
b.
x 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
B(x) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Test if there is a a.
common second difference  
x 0 1 2 3 4
1 1 1 1
A(x) 3 4 7 12 19
first difference in 1 3 5 7
A(x)

second difference in A(x)

2 2 2
 x 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
B(x) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
x 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

1 1 1 1 1
1
B(x) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
first difference 1 1 1 1 1
1
second difference
0 0 0 0 0
Examples:
 

a.
Quadratic Function

b.
x 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
B(x) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Not a Quadratic Function