Variation

Direct and Inverse Variation

 Direct Variation
If First quantity Increases due to the effect of
the first quantity, the other quantity also
Increases.

OR

If First quantity Decreases due to the effect of

the first quantity, the other quantity also
Decreases.
 Direct Variation
The Number of mobile and the Amount of
your mobile

Cost of one mobile = $450

Ali want to buy 3 more mobile
What will be the cost of 3 Mobiles?

Cost of three mobile = 3 × 450  = $1350

Number of Mobile Increases then Cost Increases

 Unitary Method
The cost of the 10 Apples is $240 What will
be the Cost of 6 Apples?

First, we will find the cost of One apple

240 ÷ 10 = $24
The cost of One Apple is $24
The cost of Six Apple is
6 × 24 = $144
 Proportion Method
12 students need to drink a total of 3 litres of water over the
course of an activity. How much water would be needed for
20 students during the same activity? 

Students      Volume
12 × y = 20 × 3
12                   3 litres 12 × y = 60
y = 60 / 12
20                   y litres
y = 5 litres
A bottling machine makes 60 bottles in 5 hours. How many bottles
will it make in 3 hours?

Bottles                Time 60 × 3 = y × 5
60                       5 hours (60 × 3) / 5 = y
180 / 5 = y
y                          3 hours
y = 36 bottles
 K-Method
x is directly proportional to y. When x = 2 then y = 8
a) Write an equation connecting x and y
x∝y x = k × y x = k × y
x = k × y 2 = 8k x = ¼ × y
k=? k = 2/8 x = y/4
k = 1/4
b) Calculate the value of x when y is 32
x = y/4
x = 32/4
x=8
Graph of Direct Variation
 Inverse Variation
If First quantity Increases due to the effect
of the first quantity, the other quantity also
Decreases

OR

If First quantity Decreases due to the effect 
of the first quantity, the other quantity also
Increases
 Proportion Method
If there are 6 builders, it takes 80 days to complete
the house. How many builders must be employed
to build the house in just 16 days?

Worker                  Days 6 × 80 = y × 16
480 = 16y
6                               80 y = 480 / 16
y = 30
y                               16
 K-Method
x is inversely proportional to y when x = 7, y = 4
a) Write an equation connecting x and y
x∝1/y x = k × y x=k/y
x=k/y 7 = k / 4 x =  28 / y
k=? 4 × 7 = k
k = 28

b) Calculate the value of x when y = 8
x = 28 / y
x = 28 / 8
x = 7 / 2 OR  x = 3.5
 q is inversely proportional to the square root of t.
When t = 16, q = 8.5
(a) Find a formula for q in terms of t;
(b) Calculate the value of q when t = 4.

a) q ∝ 1 / √t 8.5 = k / √16 q = k / √t

q = k / √t 8.5 = k / 4 q = 34 / √t
k=? 8.5 × 4 = k
k = 34

b) q = 34 / √t
q = 34 / √4
q = 34 / 2
q = 17
Graph of Inverse Variation