MATH 02

INTEGRAL CALCULUS
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Week 7 – 9 (15 hours) - Applications of Definite Integral
(Week 7 Oct 12 – 15)
• Plane Area / Areas between Curves
• Volumes of Solid Revolution
(Week 8 Oct 19 – 23)
• Volumes by multiple integration
• Evaluation of Double and Triple Integrals
(Week 9 Oct 26 – 30)
• Review for final exams
Week 9 (3 hours - Oct 30) – FINAL EXAMINATION
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Week 7 – 9 (15 hours) - Applications of Definite Integral

Lesson 17 – Areas of Plane Region – week 8 (Oct 19 – 23 )

Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 26 – 30)
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as
Volume – week 10 (Nov 2 – 6)

Final examination – week 11 Nov 9/12 MON/THUR (EE/IE) and 10/13

TUE/FRI (ECE/CPE)
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 17 – Areas of Plane Region – week 8 (Oct 19 – 23 )

Regions between two curves : A = ʃ f(x) dx = y. x = H.L

In general, the area of the region bounded by 2 curves is defined as
b
A(x) = ʃ [ f(x) – g(x) ] dx YU YU = f(x)
a
YL = g(x)
YL
b
A = ʃ (YU – YL ) dx x=a dx x = b
a
All x variables, element dx is vertical , sum dx along x-axis
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 17 – Areas of Plane Region – week 8 (Oct 19 – 23 )
d
A (y) = ʃ (XR – XL) dy d
c
All in y variables, dy is XL = g(y) dy
Horizontal dy
sum dy along y-axis XR = f(y)
c
Example 1 – Determine the area bounded by curves x2 + 4y – 8 = 0
and x = 2y (x – h) (y – k ) ( h, k)
For the parabola, x 2 = – 4y + 8 = – 4 ( y – 2 ) Vertex is (0, 2) opens
downward
For the line x = 2y, when x = 0 , y = 0 (0,0). when x = 2, y = 1 (2, 1)
Solve for the intersection of the 2 curves.
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 17 – Areas of Plane Region – week 8 (Oct 19 – 23 )
x 2 + 4y – 8 = 0 and xR = 2y yL = x/2 xL = - √ (8 – 4y) yU = (8 – x2 )/4
(2y) 2 + 4y – 8 = 0 4y 2 + 4y – 8 = 0 y2 + y – 2 = 0
(y + 2)(y – 1) = 0 ( y + 2) = 0 y = -2 , (y – 1) = 0 y = 1
When y = -2, x = -4 when y = 1, x = 2
The 2 curves intersects at ( 2, 1 ) and ( -4 , -2 )
Sketch the curves YU = (8 – x2)/4
YU o2 YL = x/2
1 o ( 2,1 )

dx from -4 to 2
-4 0 2 x
YL
(-4, -2) o -2
y
x=0
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 17 – Areas of Plane Region – week 8 (Oct 19 – 23 )

Solution using element dx :

b x=2
A = ʃ (YU – YL) dx = = ʃ ((8 – x2)/4) – ( x/2) dx
a x = -4
A = ¼ ʃ (8 – x2) dx – ½ ʃ x dx = ¼ (8x – x3/3) – ½ x2/2
A = [ 2x – 1/12 x3 – 1/4 x2 ] from – 4 to 2
A = [ 2(2) – 1/12 (2)3 – ¼ (2) 2 ] – [ 2(-4) – 1/12(-4 )3 – ¼ (-4 ) 2 ]
A = [ 4 – 8/12 – 1 ] – [ - 8 + 64/12 – 4 ]
A = 2.33333 – ( - 6.66667 )
A = 9 square units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 17 – Areas of Plane Region – week 8 (Oct 19 – 23 )
x2 + 4y – 8 = 0 and xR = 2y yL = x/2 xL = +/– √ (8 – 4y) yU = (8 – x2 )/4
Solution using element dy :
A = ʃ (XR – XL) dy = ʃ (2y – – √(8 – 4y) dy = [ y2 – 1/6(8 – 4y) 3/2 ] -2 to 1
+ 2 ʃ (+ √(8 – 4y) – 0 ) dy = + 2 [– 1/6 (8 – 4y) 3/2 ] from 1 to 2
= 38/6 + 2 ( 8/6 ) = 9 sq. units
A = R1 + R2
( -2, 1) o2 YL = x/2
dy 1 o (2,1)

-4 0 2 x

(-4, -2) o -2
y
x=0
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 17 – Areas of Plane Region – week 8 (Oct 19 – 23 )
EXAMPLE 2 – Determine the area bounded by curves yU = x3, x = 2 and
yL = 0 on the 1st quadrant
1. Solve for the intersection, at x = 2, y = 8 (2 , 8)
2. Sketch the curves XR = 2 XL = y 1/3
8 o (2,8)

XL XR = 2
y=0 dy from 0 to 8
0 2 x

x=2
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 17 – Areas of Plane Region – week 8 (Oct 19 – 23 )
First solution using element dy
d y=8
A = ʃ (XR – XL) dy = = ʃ (2 – y 1/3) dy = 2y – y 4/3 / 4/3 = 2y – ¾ y 4/3
c y= 0

A = [ 2(8) – ¾ (8) 4/3 ] – 0 = 16 – ¾ (2)4

A= 16 – ¾ (16) = 16 – 12 = 4 square units

Second solution using element dx

x=2
A = ʃ (x3 – 0 ) dx = ʃ x3 dx = x4 /4 = (2)4 /4 = 4 sq. units
x=0
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 17 – Areas of Plane Region – week 8 (Oct 19 – 23 )
Activity 6 – Find the area of the following regions bounded by the
given curves. Sketch the region

1. y = x2 and y = 2x2 – 3x
2. x2 = 4y and y2 = 4x
3. y2 = x and y = x3
4. y = x2 , y = 8 – x2 and y = 4x + 12
5. y = 2x2 + 1 and y = x2 + 5
6. y = x2 – 9 and y = x + 3
7. x2 y = 1 , y = x and y = 4
8. see slide 15 – Find volume of solid revolution in #1
Due on October 26 (EE2A and IE2A) : October 27 (ECE2A and CPE2A
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 19 – 30)

A solid revolution V is that solid

formed by revolving a given region
R about an axis of revolution L.

In the figure,
R = plane region
L = axis of revolution
(can be either horizontal or vertical)
V = volume of solid revolution

In the first figure, R is a right

Triangle. The solid formed by
revolving R about L is a right
circular cone.
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 19 – 30)

There are three methods of solutions to determine volume,

1. Circular Disc method dx, dy perpendicular to axis of rotation
2. Cylindrical shell method dx, dy parallel to axis of rotation
3. Circular ring method dx, dy perpendicular to axis of rotation
The Circular Disc method A = π r 2 x dx = V
Formula to be used:
4. V = π ʃ r2 dx for vertical element dx, axis of revolution is parallel to
the x-axis, dx is perpendicular to the axis of revolution, from a to b
5. V = π ʃ r2 dy for horizontal element dy, axis of revolution is parallel
to the y-axis, dy is perpendicular to the axis of revolution, from c to d.
In both cases, the differential volume is a circular disc. dV = π r2 dx or
dV = π r2 dy
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 19 – 30)

Circular Disc Method – figure 29

 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 19 – 30)
(R on the 1st quadrant)
Example 1 – If R is bounded by y2 = x, line x = 4 and x-axis, find the
volume of solid generated when R is revolved about x-axis (y = 0).
y x=4 V = π ʃ r2 dx where r = (yU - yL) = x1/2 - 0
dx (4, 2) dA = π r 2 = π (yU- yL) 2 = π (x1/2 )2 = π x
y r R
Y=0 0 4 x dV = dA (dx) = π x dx
V = π ʃ x dx = π x2/2 from 0 to 4
= π (4)2/2 – 0
xR = 4 = 8 π cubic units

Exercise #1 – find the volume when R is revolved about x = 4 axis

Ans. V = 256 π/15 cu.units = 53.62 cu.units V = π ʃ ( 4 - y2 )2 dy
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 19 – 30)

Example 2 – Find the volume of the solid generated when R is revolved

about x-axis. R is bounded by yL = 0 and yU = 4 – x 2 r = yU – yL

V = π ʃ r2 dx dV = π r2 dx = π (yU – yL)2 dx (0,4)

= π ʃ (4 – x 2) 2 dx from -2 to 2 yU = 4 – x 2
= π ʃ (16 – 8x 2 + x 4 ) dx R
= π (16x – 8/3 x 3 + 1/5 x 5 ) yU – yL = y r
= π [ 16(2) – 8/3 (2) 3 + 1/5 (2) 5 ] x yL = 0
– π [16(-2) – 8/3 (-2) 3 + 1/5 (-2) 5] -2 0 dx 2
= π [ (32 – 64/3 + 32/5 )
– (- 32 + 64/3 – 32/5 ) ]
V = 512 π / 15 cu.units = 107.233 cu.units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 19 – 30)

Example 3 – Find the volume of the solid generated when R is revolved

about y-axis. R is bounded by xL= 0, y= 0 and y = 4 – x 2. xR = (4 – y) 1/2
(On the 1st quadrant only)
V = π ʃ r2 dx dV = π r2 dx = π x 2 dx r = xR – xL y
= π ʃ [(4 – y )1/2] 2 dy from 0 to 4 4 y = 4 – x2
= π ʃ (4 – y) dy from 0 to 4 R dy
= π (4y – 1/2 y 2) xL r xR
= π [ 4(4) – 1/2 (4) 2 ] – 0 y=0

= π (16 – 8 ) x = X R – XL
V = 8 π cu.units xL = 0
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 19 – 30)

Example 4 – Find the volume of the solid generated when R is

revolved about x = 2 axis. R is bounded by xR= 2 xL= y 1/3 and y= 0

8 o (2,8)

XL XR = 2
dy
y=0
0 2 x
r = x R – xL
y = x3 x = 2 , axis of revolution
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 19 – 30)

Example 4 – Find the volume of the solid generated when R is

revolved about x = 2 axis. R is bounded by xR= 2 xL= y 1/3 and y= 0
r = 2 - x h = yu – yL = x3 V = 2π ʃ rhdx = 2π ʃ (2 – x)(x3)dx from 0 - 2
8 o (2,8)

yU yL
dx
y=0
0 2 x
x r
y = x3 x = 2 , axis of revolution

V =16π / 5 cu.units = 3.2 π cu.units = 10.053 cu.units

 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 19 – 30)

Solution to example #4
V = π ʃ r 2 dy dV = π r 2 dy = π ( xR – xL ) 2 dy r = xR – xL
= π ʃ (xR – xL ) 2 dy
= π ʃ (2 – y 1/3 ) 2 dy
= π ʃ (4 – 4y 1/3 + y 2/3 ) dy
= π (4y – 3y 4/3 + 3/5 y 5/3 ) from 0 to 8
= π [ 4(8) – 3(8) 4/3 + 3/5 (8) 5/3 ] – 0
= π [ 32 – 3(16) + 3/5 (32) ] – 0
= π [ 32 – 48 + 96/5 ] – 0
= 16π / 5 cu.units = 3.2 π cu.units = 10.053 cu.units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 19 – 30)

Example 5 – Find the volume of the solid generated when R is revolved

about x-axis. R is bounded by x = 2 y = x3 and y= 0 (sketch on slide 18)
Solution to example #5
V = π ʃ r2 dx dV = π r 2 dx = π ( yU – yL ) 2 dx r = yU – yL
= π ʃ (yU – yL ) 2 dx
= π ʃ (x3 – 0 ) 2 dx = π ʃ x6 dx
= π ( x7 )/7 from 0 to 2
= π (2) 7 / 7
= 128 π / 7 cu.units = 57.45 cu.units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 19 – 30)

Example 5 – Find the volume of the solid generated when R is revolved

about x-axis. R is bounded by x = 2 y = x3 and y= 0 (sketch on slide 18)
Solution to example #5
V = π ʃ r2 dx dV = π r 2 dx = π ( yU – yL ) 2 dx r = yU – yL
= π ʃ (yU – yL ) 2 dx
= π ʃ (x3 – 0 ) 2 dx = π ʃ x6 dx
= π ( x7 )/7 from 0 to 2
= π (2) 7 / 7
= 128 π / 7 cu.units = 57.45 cu.units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 8 and 9 (Oct 19 – 30)
Asynchronous period, Oct 22 – 23, 2020

Practice exercises – find the volume using circular disc, when,

1. R is bounded by y = x ex, y = 0 , x = 1 , R revolves about the (a) x-
axis and (b) x = 1 axis

2. R is bounded by x = y2 , y = 2, and x = 0 rotated about (a) y-axis and

(b) y = 2 axis.
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Circular Ring Method

If an area between 2 curves is to be revolved about a line outside the
area and rectangular elements of an area can be drawn perpendicular
to the axis of revolution, each rectangular element will generate a
circular ring. Taking the outer and inner radii of the ring as R and r
respectively and the thickness as either dx or dy, the volume element
are,
V (x) = π ʃ (R2 – r2 ) dx from a to b ( dx is perpendicular to an axis of
revolution parallel to x-axis). a and b are the lower and upper limits
along the x-axis,
V(y) = π ʃ (R2 – r2 ) dy from c to d ( dy is perpendicular to an axis of
revolution parallel to y-axis). c and d are the lower and upper limits
along the y-axis.
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

y
yU (x, y)
R dx
r yL
x axis of
revolution (y = 0)

x=a x=b
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

y
y=d

dy
xL xR

y=c x

r
R
x= 0 (axis of revolution)
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Circular Ring Method

Example 1 – Find the volume of solid generated by revolving the area
bounded by parabolas y 2 = x and y = x 2 about x = 1 axis
y (1,1)
y = xR 2 y 2 = xL
xL xR about y-axis
dy R = xR = y 1/2

r r = xL = y 2
x
xL R x = 1 axis of rotation
R = 1 – x L r = 1 - xR
R = 1 – y 2 r = 1 – y 1/2 x=1
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

V(y) = π ʃ (R 2 – r 2 ) dy R = 1 – x L r = 1 - xR
R = 1 – y 2 r = 1 – y 1/2
= π ʃ (1 – y 2 ) 2 – (1 – y 1/2 ) 2 dy
= π ʃ (1 – 2y2 + y4 ) – (1 – 2y 1/2 + y ) dx
= π ʃ (– 2y2 + y4 + 2y 1/2 – y ) dx
= π ( – 2/3 y3 + 1/5 y5 + 4/3 y 3/2 – 1/2 y2 ) from 0 to 1
= π ( – 2/3 + 1/5 + 4/3 – 1/2 )
= 11 π / 30 cu.units = 1.15 cu.units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Example 2 – Find the volume of the solid generated when R is

revolved about y-axis. R is bounded by xR= 2 xL= y 1/3 and y= 0

8 o (2,8)

XL XR = 2
dy
y=0
0 2 x
r
y = x3 R
x = 0 , axis of revolution
R = xR = 2 and r = xL= y 1/3
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

V(y) = π ʃ (R2 – r2 ) dy R = xR = 2 and r = xL= y 1/3

= π ʃ (2) 2 – (y 1/3 ) 2 dy
= π ʃ (4 – y 2/3 ) dy from 0 to 8
= π ( 4y – 3/5 y 5/3 ) from 0 to 8
= π ( 4(8) – 3/5 (8) 5/3 )
= π ( 32 – 96/5 )
= 64 π / 5 cu.units = 40.21 cu.units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Circular Ring Method

Example 3 – Find the volume of solid generated by revolving the area
bounded by parabolas y 2 = x and y = x 2 about x-axis
y (1,1)
yL = x 2 yU yU 2 = x

dx R
yL
r
x
R = yU r = yL
R = x1/2 r = x 2
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

V(x) = π ʃ (R 2 – r 2 ) dx R = yU r = yL
R = x1/2 r = x 2

= π ʃ (x1/2) 2 – (x 2) 2 dx
= π ʃ (x – x 4 ) dx from 0 to 1
= π ( ½ x 2 – 1/5 x 5 ) from 0 to 1
= π ( ½ (1) – 1/5 (1) 5 )
= π ( 1/2 – 1/5 )
= 3π / 10 cu.units = 0.942 cu.units
-------------- if rotation is about y-axis, R = xR = y1/2 r = xL = y 2
V(y) = π ʃ [ (y 1/2) 2 – (y 2) 2 ] dy from 0 to 1
V(y) = π ʃ (y – y 4 ) dy = 3 π /10 = 0.30 π = 0.942 cu. Units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Circular Ring Method

Example 4 – Find the volume of solid generated by revolving the area
bounded by parabolas x 2 = 4y and y 2 = 4x about x = 4 axis
y (4,4)
4y = xR 2 y 2 = 4xL
xL xR
dy
r
x
R x = 4 axis of rotation
R = 4 – xL r = 4 – xR
R = 4 – y 2/4 r = 4 – 2y 1/2 4
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

V(y) = π ʃ (R2 – r2 ) dy R = 4 – xL r = 4 – xR
R = 4 – y 2/4 r = 4 – 2y 1/2

= π ʃ (4 – y 2/4 ) 2 – (4 – 2y 1/2 ) 2 dy from 0 to 4

= π ʃ (16 – 2 y 2 + 1/16 y 4 ) – (16 – 16 y 1/2 + 4y ) dy
= π ʃ (– 2 y 2 + 1/16 y 4 + 16 y 1/2 – 4y ) dy
= π (– 2/3 y 3 + 1/80 y 5 + 32/3 y 3/2 – 2y2 ) from 0 to 4
= π (– 2/3 (4) 3 + 1/80 (4) 5 + 32/3 (4) 3/2 – 2(4)2 )
= π (– 2/3 (64) + 1/80 (1024) + 32/3 (8) – 2(16)
= 352 π / 15 cu.units = 73.72 cu.units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)
Asynchronous period, Oct 26 – 30, 2020 : Due Nov 6, 2020
Activity 7– find the volume using circular ring method, when,
1. R is bounded by y = 4x – x2, y = x , R revolves about the x-axis
Ans. 108 π / 5 cu. units R = 4x – x2 r = x
2. R is bounded by y = x2 , y = 12x and x = 3 rotated about x-axis
3. R is bounded by x = y2 and y = x2 , rotated about x = -1 axis
Ans. 29 π / 30
4. R is bounded by y = 5 and y = 1 + x2 , rotated about x-axis
Ans. 1088 π / 15
5. R is bounded by x = 2y and 4y = x2 , rotated about y-axis
Ans. 2 π / 3
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Cylindrical Shell Method

V (x) = 2π ʃ rhdx , dx from a to b, the axis of revolution is parallel to y-
axis, r = x and h = yU – yL

V(y) = 2π ʃ rhdy , dy from c to d, the axis of revolution is parallel to x-

axis, r = y and h = xR – xL

The volume of a cylindrical shell = circumference x length (or height) x

thickness (dx or dy)
dV = volume of cylindrical shell, where r = radius, h = length or height,
dx or dy = thickness
dV = 2π r h dx
dV = 2π r h dy
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

The following illustrations show how a cylindrical shell looks like:

dy

Axis of rotation is horizontal

dx 2π r

Axis of rotation is vertical

 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Example 1 – Find the volume of the solid generated when R is

revolved about y-axis. R is bounded by y = x3 , x = 2 and y= 0
Use cylindrical shell method
8 o (2,8)

yU
r dx

y=0 h
0 yL 2 x

y = x3 x
y-axis
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Example 1 – solution
V(x) = 2π ʃ r h dx dx is from 0 to 2, the axis of revolution is y-axis,
r = x and h = yU – yL = x3 – 0
V(x) = 2π ʃ x (x3 – 0 ) dx
V = 2π ʃ x4 dx = 2π x5 / 5 from 0 to 2
V = 2π (2)5 / 5 – 0
V = 64 π / 5 cu. units = 40.21 cu.units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Example 2 – Find the volume of the solid generated when R is revolved

about x=2 axis. R is bounded by y = 3x – x2 and y= x
Use cylindrical shell method yU

dx h (2, 2)

yL
0

y=x x = 2 axis
x r
2
r=2–x
2 2
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Example 2 – solution
V = 2π ʃ r h dx dx is from 0 to 2, the axis of revolution is x = 2,
r = 2 – x and h = yU – yL = (3x – x2 ) – x = 2x – x2
V = 2π ʃ (2 – x) (3x – x2 – x ) dx
V = 2π ʃ (2 – x) (2x – x2 ) dx
V = 2π ʃ (4x – 2x2 – 2x2 + x3 ) dx
V = 2π ʃ (4x – 4x2 + x3 ) dx from 0 to 2
V = 2π (2x2 – 4/3 x3 + x4 /4 ) from 0 to 2
V = 2π (2(2)2 – 4/3 (2)3 + (2)4 /4 ) – 0
V = 2π ( 8 – 32/3 + 4)
V = 8 π / 3 cu. units = 8.38 cu. units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Example 2 – Find the volume of the solid generated when R is revolved

about x=2 axis. R is bounded by y = 3x – x2 and y= x . x2 – 3x + y = 0
Use circular ring method xL = (3 +/- √9 – 4y ) / 2 v = (1.5,2.25)

dy (2, 2)
xL xR

y=x r = 2 - xR

R = 2 – xL
2
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Example 3 – Find the volume of the solid generated when R is revolved

about y=0 axis. R is bounded by y = 3x – x2 and y= x . x2 – 3x + y = 0
Use cylindrical shell method yU

xL dy xR

y = 0 axis r =y
0

y=x

h = xR – xL = y – [ 3 + √(9 – 4y) ] / 2 R = yu = 3x – x2 and r = x

 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 18 – Volumes of Solid Revolution – week 9 (Oct 26 – 30)

Activity 8 – Find the volume using Cylindrical Shell method.

Sketch the region.

1. y = ln x, y = 0 and x = 2 rotated about x = 2 axis

2. y = 2x – x2 , y = 0 rotated about x = 3 axis

3. y = ex , y = 0 , x = 0 and x = 1 rotated about y-axis

4. y = 2 , y2 = x and x = 0 rotated about y-axis

5. y = 12x , y2 = x and x = 3 rotated about x = 3 axis

Due on Nov 6, 2020

 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6)
Multiple integrals
V = lim Σ Σ f (x i,j , y i,j ) dA = ʃ ʃ f (x , y ) dA if f (x,y) ≥ 0

The volume V of a solid that lies above a rectangular Region R and

below the surface z = f (x,y) is, ʃ ʃ f (x , y ) dA
z

a z = f (x,y)
b c
x d y m
R (x i,j , y i,j) = R i,j = n
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6)
Multiple integrals
V = lim Σ Σ f (x i,j , y i,j ) dA = ʃ ʃ f (x , y ) dA if f (x,y) ≥ 0
R

The Midpoint Rule for Double Integrals

_ _

Σ Σ f (x , y ) dA = ʃ ʃ f (x, y ) dA x and y are midpoints

R

Properties of Double Integrals

1. ʃ ʃ [ f (x , y) +/- g(x , y) ] dA = ʃ ʃ f (x , y) dA +/- ʃ ʃ g (x , y ) dA

2. ʃ ʃ c f (x , y ) dA = c ʃ ʃ f (x , y ) dA where c is a constant
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6)
Iterated integrals
Let A(x) = ʃ f (x , y ) dy from c to d

Integrate A(x) with respect to x from a to b

b b d b d
V = ʃ A(x) dx = ʃ [ ʃ f (x , y ) dy ] dx = ʃ ʃ f (x , y ) dy dx
a a c a c

Integrate first the inner integral with respect to y from c to d, then the
outer integral with respect to x from a to b
Note: we assume variable x in the inner integral as a constant
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6)
Iterated integrals
d b
V = ʃ ʃ f (x , y ) dx dy Note: we assume variable y in the inner
c a integral is a constant
Integrate first the inner integral with respect to x from a to b, then the
outer integral with respect to y from c to d
Example 1 - find the volume of a solid represented by ʃ ʃ (x2 y ) dy dx
from a = 0 to b = 3, and from c = 1 to d = 2
= ʃ (x2 ʃ y dy ) dx = ʃ x2 ( y2 /2 ) dx = ʃ x2 ( 22 /2 – 12 /2 ) dx
= ʃ x2 ( 2 – 1/2 ) dx = ʃ x2 ( 3/2 ) dx = 3/2 ʃ x2 dx = 3/2 x3/3 = x3/2
= (3) 3/2 = 27 / 2 cu. units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6)
Example 2 - find the volume of a solid represented by ʃ ʃ (x2 y ) dx dy
from a = 0 to b = 3, and from c = 1 to d = 2

= ʃ y ʃ x2 dx ) dy = ʃ y (x3 /3) dy = ʃ y (33 /3) dy = 9 ʃ y dy

= 9 ( y2 /2 ) = 9 (22 /2 – 12 /2 ) = 9 (2 – 1/2) = 9 (3/2) = 27/2 cu.units

Fubini’s Theorem (Italian mathematician Guido Fubini) states,

If f is continuous on a R = { (x,y) / a ≤ x ≤ b and c ≤ y ≤ d }, then

V = ʃ ʃ f (x , y ) dA = ʃ ʃ f (x , y ) dy dx = ʃ ʃ f (x , y ) dx dy
= ʃ ʃ (x2 y ) dA = ʃ ʃ (x2 y ) dy dx = ʃ ʃ (x2 y ) dx dy
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6)
Example 3 - find the volume of a solid represented by ʃ ʃ (x – 3y2) dA
from a = 0 to b = 2, and from c = 1 to d = 2
V = ʃ ʃ (x – 3y2) dy dx V = ʃ ʃ (x – 3y2) dx dy
V = ʃ (xy – y3) dx V = ʃ (x2/2 – 3y2 x ) dy
= ʃ [x(2) – (2)3) – (x(1) – (1)3 ] dx = ʃ (2)2/2 – 3y2 (2) dy
= ʃ ( x – 7) dx = ʃ (2 – 6y2) dy
= x2 /2 – 7x = 2y – 2y3
= (2)2 /2 – 7(2) – 0 = [2(2) – 2(2)3] – [2(1) – 2(1)3]
= 2 – 14 = 4 – 16 – 2 + 2 = – 12
= – 12 (negative means the solid is below the xy plane)
= 12 cu. units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6) – Due on Nov 10, Tuesday

Activity 9 - find the volume of a solid represented by the following :

1. ʃ ʃ (16 – x2 – 2y2) dA 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 2 48
2. ʃ ʃ (1 + 4xy ) dA 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 and 1 ≤ y ≤ 3 10
3. ʃ ʃ √(x + y) dA 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 3 4.11
4. ʃ ʃ (x/y + y/x) dA 1 ≤ x ≤ 4 and 1 ≤ y ≤ 2 7.28
5. ʃ ʃ (e2x - y ) dA 0 ≤ x ≤ ln5 and 0 ≤ y ≤ ln2 6
6. ʃ ʃ (6x2y3 – 5x4 ) dA 0 ≤ x ≤ 3 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 1 229.5
7. ʃ ʃ (x y2 / (x2 + 1) dA 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 and -3 ≤ y ≤ 3 6.24
8. ʃ ʃ (1 – x2/4 – y2/9) dA -1 ≤ x ≤ 1 and -2 ≤ y ≤ 2 6.15
9. ʃ ʃ (x √(x2 + y) dA 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 1 0.xx
10. ʃ ʃ (2x + 5y + 1) dA -1 ≤ x ≤ 0 and 1 ≤ y ≤ 4 xx.x
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6)

Triple Integrals
If B = { (x, y, z) / a ≤ x ≤ b , c ≤ y ≤ d and r ≤ z ≤ s }, then

Σ Σ Σ f (x i,j,k , y i,j,k , z i,j,k ) dV = ʃ ʃ ʃ f (x, y, z ) dV if f (x,y, z) ≥ 0

Fubini’s Theorem on Triple integrals

If f is continuous on the rectangular box B = [ a, b] x [ c, d] x [ r, s], then

V = ʃ ʃ ʃ f (x , y , z ) dV = ʃ ʃ ʃ f (x , y, z ) dx dy dz
= ʃ ʃ ʃ f (x , y, z ) dy dz dx
= ʃ ʃ ʃ f (x , y, z ) dz dx dy
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6)

Triple Integrals
If B = { (x, y, z) / a ≤ x ≤ b , c ≤ y ≤ d and r ≤ z ≤ s }

z dz
s dx
r c dy
a d
b y
x
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6)

Triple Integrals
Example 1 – find the volume if B = { (x, y, z) / 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 , -1 ≤ y ≤ 2 and
0 ≤ z ≤ 3 } in the ʃ ʃ ʃ x y z2 dV

= ʃ ʃ ʃ x y z2 dx dy dz = ʃ ʃ y z2 x /2 dy dz = ʃ ʃ y z2 (1) /2 dy dz
= ʃ ʃ y z2 /2 dy dz = ʃ ( z2 /2 )( y2/2) dz = ʃ z2 y2/4 dz
= ʃ (z2 /4) [ (2)2 – (–1) 2 ] dz
= 3/4 ʃ z2 dz
= 3/4 ( z3 / 3 )
= z3 / 4 = (3)3 / 4
= 27 / 4 cu. units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6)

Triple Integrals
Example 1 – find the volume if B = { (x, y, z) / 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 , -1 ≤ y ≤ 2 and
0 ≤ z ≤ 3 } in the ʃ ʃ ʃ x y z2 dV

= ʃ ʃ ʃ x y z2 dy dz dx = ʃ ʃ x z2 y2 /2 dz dx = ʃ ʃ x z2 [( 2)2 – (-1) 2]/2 dz dx

= 3/2 ʃ ʃ x z2 dz dx = 3/2 ʃ ʃ x z3 /3 dx = 1/2 ʃ x (3)3 dx
= 27/2 ʃ x dx
= 27/2 x2 /2
= 27/2 (1)2 /2
= 27 / 4 cu. units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6)

Triple Integrals
Example 1 – find the volume if B = { (x, y, z) / 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 , -1 ≤ y ≤ 2 and
0 ≤ z ≤ 3 } in the ʃ ʃ ʃ x y z2 dV

= ʃ ʃ ʃ x y z2 dz dx dy = ʃ ʃ x y z3 /3 dx dy = ʃ ʃ x y (3)3 /3 dx dy
= 9 ʃ ʃ x y dx dy = 9 ʃ ʃ y x2/2 dy = 9/2 ʃ ʃ y (1)2/ dy
= 9/2 ʃ ʃ y dy
= 9/2 y2 /2
= 9/4 [ (2)2 – (-1) 2 ]
= 9/4 [3]
= 27 / 4 cu. units
 Learning Plan – Module 3
Lesson 19 – Evaluation of Double and Triple Integration as Volume – week 10
(Nov 2 – 6)

Triple Integrals
Example 2 – find the volume if B = { (x, y, z) / 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 , 0 ≤ y ≤ (1 – x)
and 0 ≤ z ≤ (1 – x – y) } in the ʃ ʃ ʃ z dV = ʃ ʃ ʃ z dz dy dx

= ʃ ʃ ʃ z dz dy dx = ʃ ʃ z2 /2 dy dx = ʃ ʃ [ (1 – x – y )2 /2 – 0 ] dy dx
= ½ ʃ ʃ (1 – x – y )2 dy dx let u = 1 – x – y du = - dy dy = - du
= - ½ ʃ ʃ (u)2 du dx = - ½ ʃ (u)3 /3 dx
= - 1/6 ʃ (1 – x – y )3 dx = - 1/6 ʃ [ (1 – x) – (1 – x) ]3 – [(1 – x – (0) ]3 dx
= - 1/6 ʃ 0 – (1 – x) 3 dx = 1/6 ʃ (1 – x) 3 dx let u = 1 – x du = -dx dx = -du
= - 1/6 ʃ (u) 3 du = - 1/6 (u) 4 /4 = - 1/24 (1 – x) 4
= - 1/24 [ ( 1 – 1) 4 – (1 – 0) 4 ] = - 1/24 ( - 1) = 1/24 cu. units