Natural Gas

Prepared by :
Waad Sarbast
Awar Mame
Hashim Khidr

Mr.Yousif
Outline 1

1-Introduction
2-What is Natural Gas?
3-Where is Natural gas found?
4-Advantages of natural gas
5-disadvantage of natural gas
6-History of Natural Gas
7-Conclusion
 Introduction
Natural gas is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas
mixture consisting primarily of methane. It is formed
when layers of decomposing plant and animal matter are
exposed to intense heat and pressure under the surface
of the Earth over millions of years. Natural gas is used in
more than six million Canadian households for heating
and cooking, and it can also be used to make fertilizers,
fuel, paint and many other items.
Natural gas is an affordable, reliable, versatile, abundant
and cleaner-burning hydrocarbon.
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 What is Natural Gas?
Natural gas is principally methane, CH4, with some ethane
(C2H6) and propane (C3H8), and impurities such as CO2,
H2S, and N2. Natural gas is odorless and colorless; the
slightly sour smell that we associate with the gas coming from
a stovetop is due to an odorization process (for safety and
leak detection) which adds mercaptan compounds to the end
-use gas (more precisely, odorization compounds are mixture
s of t-butyl mercaptan, isopropyl mercaptan,
tetrahydrothiophene, dimethyl sulfide and other sulfur
compounds).
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 Where is Natural gas found?
1-Like other fossil fuels, natural gas is found deep underground.
Millions of years ago, these organisms died and were buried alo
ng with mud and sand, usually on the floors of lakes, oceans, and
riverbeds, with bacteria slowly breaking down this organic matte
r. 2-A rock formation
called a gas trap allows the natural gas to form and collect. A t
rap contains three kinds of rock. - The source r
ock is the fossilized rock that produces the natural gas
- The reservoir rock is the por
ous rock that the natural gas seeps into as it rises.
– Cap rock, or seal, is the
layer of very dense rock above the reservoir rock that kee
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ps the gas from leaking to the surface.
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 Advantages of Natural Gas
1-Less Refining needs
2-Burns cleanly
3-more heat/unit weight than any other fossil fuel
4-more efficient burning
5-(10%) energy loss only
6-(60-year) supply at current rates

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 Disadvantages of natural gas

• Difficult to transport
1. Pipelines
2. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) tankers
• Can be Polluting, dangerous when extracted

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 History of Natural Gas

Natural gas was first scientifically identified by Alessandro Volta, the father of
the battery, in 1776 and between 1792 and 1798, inventor William Murdoch b
egan experimenting with coal gasification to produce methane for lighting, sp
ecifically concentrating on transporting, storing, and purifying gas. Across the
Atlantic in 1816, building on coal gasification technology developed in Britain,
the first private residence in the U.S. illuminated by gas belonged to William
Henry, a copper-smith, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In the same year, Balti
more became the first American city with a business, Peale's Baltimore Muse
um, lit by natural gas lamps. A year later, the city hired Peale's Gas Light Co
mpany of Baltimore to begin laying gas mains and erecting street lamps. At t
he same time, companies in other cities, such as Boston Gas Light in 1822 a
8 nd New York Gas Light Company in 1825, began feeding the fire.
 Conclusion

Because huge volumes of shale natural gas have been discovered across
much of America a t currently very cheap costs, it is widely forecast that
there will continue to be a glut of shale gas in the U.S. market. This cheap
natural gas supply ha s made it very difficult for any other power technology
to compete on price or to be economically viable. In the majority of cases of
renew able energy projects, there is a very real question of w heather they
would have had better prospects if shale ga s had never been discovered.

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 THANK YOU

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