Practical

Research 1
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Course Objective:
explains the importance of research
shares research experiences and in daily life describes
knowledge characteristics, processes, and
ethics of research

differentiates quantitative from provide examples of research in

qualitative research areas of interest
What is A Systematic approach inquiry
Research?
Investigates hypothesis, uses hypothesis,
knowledgeable guess, or learned opinion

Suggests new interpretations of data or texts

under study

Poses new questions for future research to

explore, opportunities for further studies based
on findings and conclusions of research
Why is Research
important in Our
Daily Life?
 Characteristics of Research
https://www.iedunote.com/research-definition-characteristics-goals-approaches

1. The research should focus on priority problems.

2. The research should be systematic. It emphasizes that a researcher
should employ a structured procedure.
3. The research should be logical. Without manipulating ideas
logically, the scientific researcher cannot make much progress in any
investigation.
4. The research should be reductive. This means that the findings of
one researcher should be made available to other researchers to
prevent them from repeating the same research.
 Characteristics of Research
https://www.iedunote.com/research-definition-characteristics-goals-approaches

5. The research should be replicable. The findings of previous

researches may be used in a different setting, with new subjects and
different time.
6. The research should be generative. This is one of the valuable
characteristics of research because answering one question leads to
generating many other new questions.
7. The research should be action-oriented. In other words, it should be
aimed at reaching a solution leading to the implementation of its
findings.
 Characteristics of Research
https://www.iedunote.com/research-definition-characteristics-goals-approaches

8. The research should follow an integrated multidisciplinary

approach, i.e., research approaches from more than one discipline
are needed.
9. The research should be participatory, involving all parties
concerned (from policymakers down to community members) at all
stages of the study.
10.The research must be relatively simple, timely, and time-bound,
employing a comparatively simple design.
 Characteristics of Research
https://www.iedunote.com/research-definition-characteristics-goals-approaches

11. The research must be as much cost-effective as possible.

12.The results of the research should be presented in formats most
useful for administrators, decision-makers, business managers, or
the community members.
 Characteristics of Research
https://www.iedunote.com/research-definition-characteristics-goals-approaches

1. Focused on priority problems

2. Systematic – using a structured procedure
3. Logical – manipulating ideas
4. Reductive – findings are available to other researchers
5. Replicable – able to be reproduced to avoid duplicity
6. Generative – one questions leads to more questions
7. Action-oriented – able to implement a solution
 Characteristics of Research
https://www.iedunote.com/research-definition-characteristics-goals-approaches

8. Follows and integrated multidisciplinary approach – across many

disciplines (Economics, politics, Media, etc.)
9. Participatory – involving all parties (government, private sector, etc.)
10. Simple, timely, and time-bound
11. Cost-effective – research can be expensive
12.Useful format – can be used by administrators, decision-makers,
community members.
Traditional Process in Research

EVALUATION
EXPERIMENTS
OBSERVATIO RESEARCH FORMULATING OR
OR DATA
N QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXAMINATION
COLLECTION
OF DATA
Ethics in Research

Why do we need
ethics in
research?
 What is Ethics?

Ethics is defined broadly as the study of

good or appropriate conduct, the
examination and determination of the right
and proper way of doing things.
 What is Research Ethics?

Research Ethics is the application of ethical

principles and values to good scientific
conduct.
 What are Values?

Values are the principles that a person

holds as important and fundamental to
one’s identity.
Difference between
Quantitative and
Qualitative Research
 QUALITATIVE VS. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

RESEARCH PROCESS QUALITATIVE RESEARCH QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

Casual explanation,
FOCUS Understanding or interpretation
establishing extent
of a phenomenon, experience

Linear, pre-established,
Design Flexible, open, case
Flexible, open, case study experimental
study

Interviews, focused group Mathematical models,

Data collection techniques discussions (FGDs), field measurements, surveys
observation, survey
Statistical, Probabilistic
Sampling Purposeful, non-probabilistic

Analysis inductive, theory
generation, depth of critique or
interpretation
Deductive, generalizability,
Inductive, theory generation,
theory-testing
depth of critique or
interpretation
 EXAMPLES OF QUALITATIVE VS. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
AREAS
Arts’ Painting History: A
History of the Angono Painters
Depicting the EDSA Revolution
Science Living with HIV: Voices
of Young People from Davao
Diagnosed with HIV
Sports stories of Recovery from
Injuries of Senior High School
Varsity Members
Agriculture Rice Rituals:
Understanding the Local
Rituals of Rice Farmers
Fisheries
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
TOPICS
Painting History: A History of
the Angono Painters Depicting
the EDSA Revolution
Living with HIV: Voices of
Young People from Davao
Diagnosed with HIV
Stories of Recovery from
Injuries of Senior High School
Varsity Members
Rice Rituals: Understanding
the Local Rituals of Rice
Farmers
Women and Fisheries: Role of
Women in Fishing Villages in
Laguna
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
TOPICS
Factors that Determine
Economic Value of
Masterpieces of Filipino
National Artists
Disease Causality Link Between
Tobacco Use and Cancer
Injuries and Their Causes
Among Senior High School
Female Footballers
Effectiveness of the Irrigated
Rice Enhancement Production
Program
Spatial Analysis of Fishery
Activities in Northern Luzon
 EXAMPLES OF QUALITATIVE VS. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
AREAS
TOPICS
Distant No More? The Role of
ICT Social Media in the Parenting
Style of Seafaring Fathers
Experience of Ethical Dilemmas
Humanities among Nurses in the
Philippines
Conflicted Interests? Family
Business
Business and Politics in Cebu
Voices of Responsibility?
Corporate Social Responsibility
Social Inquiry
Among Small and Medium
Enterprise in Iligan
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
TOPICS
Analysis of Aviation Accidents
Using Data from Blackboxes
Carbon Dating Religious Relics
from the Trappist Monestary in
Guimaras, Philippines
Models of Business
Forecasting
The Economic Cost of
Corporate Social Responsibility
Among Small and Medium
Enterprises in Manila
End of Lesson 1