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Oxygen Therapy Copie
Oxygen Therapy Copie
therapy
Oxygen therapy
• Oxygen therapy, also known as supplemental oxygen, is the use of oxygen as a
medical treatment.[1] This can include for low blood oxygen, carbon monoxide toxicity,
cluster headaches, and to maintain enough oxygen while inhaled anesthetics are given.[2]
Long-
term oxygen is often useful in people with chronically low oxygen such as from severe
COPD or cystic fibrosis.[3][1] Oxygen can be given in a number of ways including
nasal cannula, face mask, and inside a hyperbaric chamber.[4][5]
Medical uses
Oxygen is used as a
medical treatment in both chronic and acut
e cases, and can be used in hospital, pre-
hospital or entirely out of hospital.
Oxygen piping and regulator with flow me
ter, for oxygen therapy, mounted in an
ambulance
Chronic conditions
• Oxygen is often prescribed for peopl
e with breathlessness,
in the setting of end-stage cardiac
or respiratory failure, advanced canc
er
or neurodegenerative disease, despi
te having relatively normal blood ox
ygen levels.
• A 2010 trial of
239 subjects found no significant diff
erence in reducing breathlessness b
etween oxygen and air delivered in t
he same way.[16]
Acute conditions
• Oxygen is widely used in emergency medicine
, both in hospital and by emergency medical services
or those giving advanced first aid.
• In the pre-hospital environment, high-
flow oxygen is indicated for use in resuscitation,
major trauma, anaphylaxis, major bleeding, shock,
active convulsions, and hypothermia.[17][18]
• It may also be indicated for any other people where th
eir injury or illness has caused low oxygen levels
, although in this case oxygen flow should be moderat
ed to achieve oxygen saturation levels, based on
pulse oximetry (with a target level of 94–96% in most,
or 88–92% in people with COPD).[17][8]
Excessively use of oxygen in those who are acutely ill
however increases the risk of death
Nocturnal oxygen therapy as
an option for early COVID-19
• The coronavirus (COVID-
19) has rapidly spread and swept across most countries worldwide since the first case was detected. There i
s currently no effective antiviral therapy or immune-based treatment for COVID-
19, especially for asymptomatic or mild patients who are recommended to self-
care under home quarantine. However,
severe cases rapidly increase in their progression from mild cases one week after onset and can develop int
o respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) on the basis of pneumonia (
Wang et al., 2020a). Therefore, there is an urgent challenge to prevent the transition of COVID-
19 from mild to severe. Oxygen (O2) therapy has been widely used and strongly recommended for patients i
n hospitals and cabin hospitals in China; however, asymptomatic or mild COVID-
19 has not been given sufficient consideration in the present therapeutic guidelines.
Conclusion
• The number of severe COVID-
19 patients continues to increase, leading to an extremely in
creased demand on
medical resources and requiring comprehensive treatment.
Therefore, effective and safe interventions are urgently need
ed to prevent COVID-
19 from developing from mild to severe. Based on the clinic
al data and literature analysis,
it was proposed that O2 therapy could inhibit virus replicatio
n,
regulate autoimmunity and decrease ACE2 expression in tiss
ues. Since the virus may speed up invasion at night and incr
ease over-
production of inflammatory cytokines, combined with the fa
ct that patients with lung diseases are prone to have hypoxi
a during sleep (Trask and Cree, 1962),
it is recommend that nocturnal O2 therapy be given as
a therapeutic option for patients under home quarantine
BIBLIOGRAPHY