PI 01

Learning Outcomes:

1. Define Nationalism and Patriotism

2. Explain the Nationalism and Patriotism in the Philippine context
3. Discuss the goals of the nationalism
4. Explain how Rizal’s work helped developed nationalism
Nation refers to people identified occupying
certain territory.
• Factors Delineating the land occupied by a nation:
• 1. Geography
• 2. Common experiences of the people of the
nation
• Elements that helps build up nationalism among
people are:
• - common geographical space
• - common unique culture
• -common experiences creating a bond with
people
• -common cause or aspirations that transcends
personal and individual goals
Nation as Imagined Community according to
Benedict Anderson • Key factors of theoretical
constructions: Limitations and
sovereignty, mass printing and
capitalism
• People willing to kill and sacrifice
their live for their imagined nation
• Human belongs to one species
regardless of race and color
however, nationalities are created
because of different cultural and
social development
Nationalism as a way of change
• It can be caused as a response t
the need for change. The
nationalism led to revolutionary
movements, which eventually
overthrew foreign colonizers
Nationalism in the
Philippine Context
 Bayanihan
- To do Kaginhawaan
something
for the bayan Damayan -State of
connotes an contentment
unselfish act.
Freedom is the objective of nationalism and it is integral to
Kaginhawaan
• The word Kalayaan did not exist in the dictionary of the
Philippine terms before the execution of the Three priest. The
closest was its Spanish equivalent (libertad)
• The root word of Kalayaan:
• “Laya” – means to separate
• “Layag”- which means to sail
• “Layas”- To go away
• Filipinos who gained their sense of nation begun struggling for
this freedom, to separate from the clutches of the mother
country and to set up their own destiny
But is Kalayaan necessary to gain
Kaginhawaan?
Nationalism and Patriotism
• Patriotism is higher and more intense than nationalism. Root word
comes from “Patria” which means from “Patri” or father.
• Willingness to actively fighting and struggle for its interest
• Willing to sacrifice even their very lives and fortunes for the country
• “Patri” etymology term in Spanish means Fatherland. However,
Philippines was considered as matriarchal society
• With the disaffection with Spain in 1890’s Spain was not consider
anymore as the motherland but the oppressor.
• Cave in Montalban – symbolic importance
during the recruitment rites of the
Katipuneros. It was considered as the
womb of the Inang Bayan.
• Nationalism and patriotism can be beneficial when it helps the nation
to uplift itself
• -it helps guide to its rightful destiny as a happy and progressive state.
• However, extreme nationalism and patriotism can bring about
ethnocentrism, ca bring about totalitarian states like Germany and
Fascism
• Example: Adolfo Hitler in Germany, Mussolini believed in restoring the
old Roman Empire, Japan Under Tojo believed that all non-Japanese
races should be deprived of their lands.
Rizal and how his works helped developed
Nationalism
• “The Philippines a Century Hence” – develop and instill a sense of nation in the
minds of people. “In order to know the destiny of a nation, it is important to open
the book of its past”
• Enrolled himself under the sculpture Teodoro Romualdo de Jesus.
• Rizal countered the colonial propaganda by stating that Filipinos had a rich
culture before the coming of the western colonizers
• Countered assertions of the colonizers that Filipinos are Lazy people, indolent and
scandalous.
• Countered Spanish propaganda that Filipinos were backward, poor and inferior.
Thank you!