3.1 AMM Organizing ACM 20200301

Chapter 3:
Organizing Aircraft Maintenance
Prepared by : Nur Rachmat, Dipl. Ing., M.Sc.

Ref. Used : Aviation Maintenance Management,
Harry A. Kinnison & Others.
Topics of Discussion
This chapter deals with the most important aspects in

organizing aircraft maintenance; It covers the discussion
on:
 Introduction (effective maintenance and engineering
organization
 Organizational Structure Basic Concept
 Typical M&E Organizational Chart
 Organizational Structure and the TPPM
 Variations from the Typical Organization
 Approved Maintenance Organization – Regulatory
 AMO Certification
 Overview of the criteria on which approval of maintenance
organizations is based
Detail Contents
 Introduction  Vice president of
 The essential elements of maintenance and engineering
organization  Directors of major functions
 FAA/CAA Statement  Managers and supervisors
 AC-120-16D Summary  Manager Level Functions-
 Factors affecting M&E Technical Services Directorate
organization  Engineering
 the size any type of  Production Planning &
organization. Control
 the management philosophy  Training
of the company.  Technical publications
 the organization structure  Computing services
 Organizational Structure Basic  Materiel Support
Concept  Manager Level Functions-
 Span of control Aircraft Maintenance Directorate
 Grouping of similar  Hangar maintenance
functions  Line maintenance
 Separation of production  Maintenance control center
and oversight functions
 Typical M&E Organizational Chart
 General Grouping
Detail Contents
 Overhaul Shops Directorate  Safety
 Engine shops  Organizational Structure and the
 Electrical and electronics
TPPM
(avionics) shops  Variations from the Typical
 Mechanical component
Organization
shops  Small airlines
 Structures Shop  Large airlines
 Manager Level Functions-  Full versus Partial
Materiel Directorate organizational structure
 Purchasing  Approved Maintenance
 Stores
Organization (Regulatory
 Inventory control
Requirement)
 Shipping and receiving  ICAO Regulation
 Maintenance Program  Annex 1, Chapter 4
Evaluation Directorate  Annex 6, Part I, 8.1.2, 8.2,
 Quality assurance 8.4, 11.3,

 FARs/CASRs Regulations
 Quality control
 Part 43,
 Reliability
 Part 121
Detail Contents
 FAA/CASR - ACs  Equipment, materials, and
 AC 120-16C, AC 25-19, data requirements
43-9C, 43-12A  Personnel requirements
 AC 43-13-1B, AC 120-  Supervisory personnel
17A, 120-42A requirements

 AC 121-1A, 121-22A,  Inspection personnel
129-4 requirements
 AMO Certification  Personnel authorized to
 Application approve an article for
 Application Requirement return to service
 Facility Requirement  Records of management,
 Change of location, supervisory, and inspection
housing, or facilities personnel
 Satellite AMO  Training requirements
 Operating Rules
 Privileges and limitations of
certificate
 Work performed at another
location
Detail Contents
 Maintenance, preventive  Contract maintenance
maintenance, and alterations  Recordkeeping
performed for certificate  Reports of failures,
holders under parts 121 and malfunctions, or defects
135, and for foreign air  DGAC inspections
carriers or foreign persons  Ratings & Limited Rating
operating an Indonesian
registered aircraft in common
carriage under CASR Part 129
 AMO manual
 AMO manual contents
 Quality control system
 Inspection of maintenance,
preventive maintenance, or
alterations
 Capability list
Detail Contents
 Overview of Criteria on which  Facility requirements
AMO Approval is based  Contract and sub-contract
 Grant of approval  Quality Management
 Systems of inspection and  Procedures and personnel
quality management qualifications
 The purpose of the maintenance  Organization’s Manual
manual
 Human resources
 Training policy
 Qualification of certifying
personnel
End of Presentation
Thank You for Your Attention!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcAqN1qm90o
Introduction
Essential elements of organization
 The FAA states that an airline must have a maintenance organization "that is
able to perform, supervise, manage, and amend your program, manage and
guide your maintenance personnel, and provide the direction necessary to
achieve your maintenance program objectives." The essential elements of this
organization as discussed in the AC are summarized as follows:
1. An organization that is capable of doing the required work

2. A director of maintenance (or similar title) responsible for the overall activity-must be an FAA
licensed mechanic
3. For part 121 operators, a chief inspector (or similar title)
4. An organization or process to develop and upgrade a maintenance manual that describes all
aspects of the maintenance program
5. Oversight and supervision activities to ensure that maintenance is accomplished in accordance
with the airline's manual
6. An inspection function for required inspection items (RIIs)t that is separate from other routine
inspection and maintenance functions
7. Competent personnel and adequate facilities available for the maintenance to be performed
8. Procedures to ensure that each aircraft released for service after maintenance is airworthy and
properly maintained
9. Efforts to ensure that the maintenance program remains effective as conditions change
10. Management personnel who are qualified and have sufficient experience and expertise to
effectively organize, manage, and control the maintenance program
Factors affecting M&E oragnization
 The structure for an effective maintenance and engineering
organization will vary with
the size any type of organization.
the management philosophy of the company.
 The organizational structure must allow the company to meet

its goals and objectives and each unit within the company
must be endowed with sufficient personnel and authority to
carry out those objectives and meet those goals.
The Maintenance & Engineering Organization
Structural Basic Concepts
There are 3 basic concepts for mid-sized Span of control

airline underlying the structure;
1. Concept of Span of control
2. Grouping of similar functions Grouping of similar

functions
3. Separation of production and
oversight functions (inspection,
control and monitoring)
(Quality Assurance, Quality control, Reliability
Separation of production
and safety)
and oversight functions
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Span of Control
 A supervisor or manager can effectively supervise or control 3 to 7 peoples.
 Any less than three would be ineffective use of time and manpower, and
 Any more than seven would spread the boss too thin.
 Amount of personnel or activities one can effectively supervise of control
 By limiting the number of people that a manager has to supervise, the work is
divided and the organization is run more efficiently
 Levels of Management determine # of personnel
 Higher usually lower personnel
 Lower line maintenance - more
Grouping of similar functions
 The grouping of similar functions under one director, manager, or
supervisor.
 All technical services (Engineering, Production planning and control,

Training, Technical publications, Computing services & Materiel Support)
are under one manager
 Maintenance activities (line, hangar, and MCC) are under one manager.
 All maintenance overhaul shop functions (electrical and electronics shops,
mechanical shops, hydraulics, etc.) are likewise grouped.
 All inspection activities-whether it is inspecting the company's workers,
inspecting parts, or inspecting the suppliers of parts-are grouped into one
organization (maintenance program evaluation functions).
 Those handling the purchase of supplies, those performing engineering work,
and those doing the planning are also grouped accordingly so that the
managers and directors can maintain proper surveillance and control over
areas in which they have expertise.
Separation of production and oversight functions
 Under the AA rules, for an airline to be certificated, it must have certain
programs in place including a self-monitoring function to ensure that it is
performing according to the rules (its own rules as well as those of the
regulatory authority).
 This requirement for self-monitoring is usually in the form of quality assurance
(QA), quality control (QC), reliability, and safety programs.
 Combined, these functions constitute the core of the CASS (Continuous Analysis
Surveillance System) requirement.
 It is recommended, and generally practiced, that these self-monitoring functions
operate separately from the maintenance and engineering functions they are
monitoring to prevent any conflict of interest problems.
Typical M&E Organization
of Midsize Airlines
Typical M&E Organization of Midsize Airlines
VP
Maintenance &
Engineering
Maintenance
Technical Aircraft Shop
Materiel Program
Services Maintenance Maintenance
Evaluation
Engineering Hangar Engine Purchasing Quality Assurance

Planning Line Avionics Stores Quality Control
Training MCC Mechanical Inventory Reliability
Publication Structures Receiving Safety
Computer
Figure 3-1 Typical maintenance and engineering organization,
03/20/2021 17
General Grouping
 The head of the entire maintenance and engineering function within the airline
should be at a relatively high level of the airline 's structure. He or she should be
directly under the head of the airline or under the head of the company's
operational activity (President, Chief Operating Officer, or whatever title is used).
The VP of M&E position should also be at the same level as the head of flight
operations (VP of Flight Ops or whatever he or she is called). Flight operations and
maintenance are considered to be two sides of the same coin; they complement
each other and carry equal weight. The structure starts with the VP level and
continues downward with designations Director, Manager, and Supervisor as
appropriate.
Figure 3-0 Typical airline organization,

Directors of major functions
The five major functions shown in Fig, 3-1 are:
technical services (which includes engineering, planning, training, technical
publications, and computing);
aircraft maintenance (flight line, hangar, out-stations, and the maintenance
control center);
overhaul shops (for off-aircraft maintenance, repair, and overhaul);
materiel services (responsible for ordering and maintaining supplies, handling
warranties, and moving repairable and consumable parts through the system); and
maintenance program evaluation (the monitoring activity for the organization,
its workers and its suppliers).
Figure 3-1 is the

basic organizational
chart for the
maintenance and
engineering
organization of a
"typical" mid-sized
airline.
Figure 3-1 Typical maintenance and engineering organization,
Managers and supervisors
Within each directorate, there are several managers. Each of these managers has a
specialized area of responsibility within the overall scope of the directorate 's function.
Specific activities within each manager 's area of responsibility require staffs of
specialists with supervision by knowledgeable people.
In some large organizations, the supervisor may need additional separation of
activities or duties and appoint "leads" or "straw bosses" to decrease his span of control
to a workable size. However, for most operators, the span of control can be much wider
at this level.
Manager Level Functions-Technical Services Directorate
 The technical services directorate contains numerous activities and services that
support the maintenance and inspection functions.
 In the typical setup of Fig. 3-2, it has been identified various activities for each
directorate. Each activity is under the direction of a manager. There may be further
echelons of management such as supervisors and leads as necessary.
Figure 3.2 Directorate of Technical Services Organization Structure

Engineering
The manager of engineering is responsible for all engineering functions within the
M&E organization. This includes:
(a) the development of the initial maintenance program (tasks, intervals,
schedules, blocking, etc.);
(b) the evaluation of service bulletins (SBs) and service letters (SLs) for possible
inclusion into the airline's equipment;
(c) oversight of the incorporation of those SBs and SLs that they deem beneficial;
(d) overseeing the incorporation of airworthiness directives (ADs), the
modifications that are required by the regulatory authority;
(e) the evaluation of maintenance problems determined by the reliability program
and for problems (if any) resulting from the maintenance checks performed by
maintenance; and
(f) for establishing the policies and procedures for the M&E organization.
Production planning and control
 The manager of production planning and control (PP&C) is responsible for
maintenance scheduling and planning.
 This function must plan and schedule the manpower, parts, facilities, tools, and any
special assistance required for all maintenance or modification activities.
 Included in the functions of PP&C are the following:
(a) all planning activities related to maintenance and engineering (short, medium,
and long term);
(b) the establishment of standards for man-hours, materiel, facilities, tools, and
equipment;
(c) work scheduling;
(d) control of hangars;
(e) on-airplane maintenance; and
(f) monitoring of work progress in the support shops.
Training
 The manager of technical training is responsible for curriculum, course
development, administration, and training records for all formal training
attended by the M&E unit's employees.
 The organization coordinates any training required outside the unit (vendor
training) and coordinates with line and hangar maintenance personnel for the
development of on-the-job training and remedial or onetime training
activities.
 The training section must be able to establish new and special training
courses to meet the needs of the airline. These course requirements are often
the result of problem investigation by reliability, incorporation of new
equipment or modifications, or the additional aircraft types to the fleet.
Technical publications
 The manager of technical publications is responsible for all technical publications
used by the M&E organization. Technical publications (Tech Pubs) keeps a current
list of all documents received from manufacturers and vendors as well as those
produced in-house by the airline. Also on record are the number of copies, in paper,
microfilm, or compact disc (CD) format, that each work center should receive,
 The Tech Pubs organization is also responsible for ensuring that appropriate
documents and revisions are distributed to these various work centers. Work centers
are responsible for keeping their own documents current, but Tech Pubs usually
conducts periodic checks to see that this is being done.
 Tech Pubs is also responsible for maintaining the main technical library and any
satellite libraries within the airline's system, including those at out stations.
Computing services
 The manager of computing services is responsible for the definition of the
M&E organization's computing requirements:
(a.) selection of software and hardware to be used, with usage information and
requirements inputs from the individual units;
(b) training of maintenance, inspection, and management personnel on
computer usage; and
(c ) provide continuing support to the using organizations.
Manager Level Functions-Aircraft Maintenance Directorate
 The aircraft maintenance directorate has responsibility for the major aircraft
maintenance activities:
 maintenance on the flight line and
 maintenance performed in the hangar.
 Three managers report to the director of airplane maintenance: one for each of these
activities and one for MCC. (Figure 3.3)
 For airlines with different model aircraft or with two or more maintenance bases, the
number of aircraft maintenance managers may be increased as necessary for the
scope of the operation.
Director of
Aircraft
Maintenance
Hangar Line Maintenance

Maintenance Maintenance Control Center
A/C Maintenance Ramp & Terminal

GSE & Facilities Outstations
Support Shops
Figure 3.3 Directorate of Technical Services Organization Structure
Hangar maintenance
The manager of hangar maintenance is responsible for compliance with the airline 's
policies and procedures relative to all work clone on the aircraft in the hangar, such as
modifications, engine changes, "C" checks (and higher), corrosion control, painting,
etc.
The hangar maintenance function also includes various support shops (welding, seat
and interior fabric, composites, etc.) as well as ground support equipment.
Director of
Aircraft
Maintenance


Support Shops
Line maintenance
 The manager of line maintenance is responsible for compliance with the airline 's
policies and procedures relative to the work done on the aircraft on the flight line
while the aircraft is in service.
 Such activities include turnaround maintenance and servicing, daily checks, short
interval checks (less than "A" check interval), and "A" checks.
 Sometimes, simple modifications can be done by line maintenance in order to avoid
unnecessary use of the hangar. Line maintenance may also be utilized to perform
line maintenance activities for other airlines under contract,
Director of
Aircraft
Maintenance


Support Shops
Maintenance control center
 The function known as the maintenance control center (MCC) keeps track of all
aircraft in flight and at outstations. All maintenance needs of these vehicles are
coordinated through the MCC.
 The MCC also coordinates downtime and schedule changes with the flight
department. Some airlines might have a supervisor of line stations to coordinate
outstation activities but he or she is often part of the home base MCC operation.
Director of
Aircraft
Maintenance


Support Shops
Overhaul Shops Directorate
 The overhaul shops directorate consists of those maintenance shops that perform
maintenance on items removed from the aircraft. These shops include engine
shop(s), electrical shop, electronics (or avionics) shop, and various mechanical
shops. These may be separate shops or some may be combined for convenience,
depending on the operation. Some of these shops may also perform contract work
for other airlines.
Director of
Shop
Maintenance
Avionics (Electrical
Mechanical Structures
Engine Shops & Electronics)
Shops Shops
Shops
Figure 3.4 Directorate of Shop Maintenance
1. Engine shops 2. Avionics (Electrical and 3. Mechanical component 4. Structures

• Maintenance and repair done electronics) shops shops • Maintenance and repair
on the organization's engines • All off-aircraft maintenance of  Mechanical of all aircraft structural
and auxiliary power units electrical and electronics components: actuators, components, includes
(APUs). components and systems hydraulic systems and composite material as
• May be a separate engine • May be several shops (radio, components, aircraft well as sheet metal and
shop for each type navigation, communications, surfaces (flaps, slats, other structural
computers, electric motor- spoilers), fuel systems, elements.
driven components, etc.) oxygen. pneumatics,
etc.
Engine shops
 The manager of the engine overhaul shops is responsible for all maintenance and
repair clone on the organization's engines and auxiliary power units (APUs).
 If more than one type engine is used, there may be a separate engine shop for each
type performing the work, but these would usually be under one senior manager
with a supervisor for each engine type.
 The engine build up activities would generally come under the engine shop
manager.
Director of
Shop
Maintenance
Electrical &
Mechanical
Engine Shops Electronics
Shops
(Avionics) Shops
Electrical and electronics (avionics) shops
 The manager of electrical/electronics shops is responsible for all off-aircraft
maintenance of electrical and electronics components and systems.
 There are a variety of components and systems in this field with wide variations in
the equipment and in the skills needed to address them.
 There may be several shops (radio, navigation, communications, computers, e]ectric
motor-driven components, etc.) with separate supervisors.
 Shops are combined at times, however, to optimize manpower and space and to
reduce test equipment inventories.
Director of
Shop
Maintenance
Electrical &
Shops Shops
(Avionics) Shops
Mechanical component shops
 The manager of mechanical component shops has responsibilities similar to those of
the manager of avionics shops.
 The only difference, of course, is that these shops would address mechanical
components: actuators, hydraulic systems and components, aircraft surfaces (flaps,
slats, spoilers), fuel systems. oxygen, pneumatics, etc.
Director of
Shop
Maintenance
Electrical &
Shops Shops
(Avionics) Shops
Structures Shop
 The structures shop is responsible for maintenance and repair of al) aircraft
structural components.
 This includes composite material as well as sheet metal and other structural
elements.
Director of
Shop
Maintenance
Electrical &
Shops Shops
(Avionics) Shops
Manager Level Functions-Materiel Directorate
 The materiel directorate is responsible for the handling of all parts and supplies for
the M&E organization:
 (a) purchasing;
 (b) stocking and distribution (stores);
 (c) inventory control; and
 (d) shipping and receiving of parts and supplies used by the M&E organization.
 This includes not only the parts and supplies used in the maintenance, servicing, and
engineering of the aircraft but also the supplies used for the administration and
management of M&E (i.e., office supplies, uniforms, etc.).
Director of
Materiel
Inventory Stores Purchasing Shipping &

Receiving
Figure 3.5 Directorate of Materiel Support
.
Materiel Directorate Organization Structure
Director of
Materiel

Receiving
1. Inventory control 3. Purchasing

 Ensuring that the parts and supplies on Buying parts and supplies and tracking
hand are sufficient without tying up these orders through the system.
excessive funds in nonmoving items and Handling warranty claims and contract
without running out of stock too soon or repairs
too often for commonly used items.
4. Shipping and receiving
Packing, waybill preparation, insurance,
2. Stores customs, etc. for outgoing materials as
 Storage, handling, and distribution of well as customs clearance, unpacking,
parts and supplies used by the receiving inspection, tagging, etc. for
maintenance personnel in line, hangar, incoming materials.
and shop maintenance activities
03/20/2021 37
Purchasing
 The manager of purchasing is responsible for buying parts and supplies and tracking
these orders through the system.
 This begins with the initial issue of parts when a new aircraft is added to the fleet
and a continual replenishment of those parts based on usage.
 The purchasing unit is also responsible for handling warranty claims and contract
repairs.
Director of
Materiel

Receiving
Stores
The manager of stores takes responsibility for the storage, handling, and distribution
of parts and supplies used by the maintenance personnel in line, hangar, and shop
maintenance activities.
Stores areas, or parts issue points, are placed near the various work centers to allow
mechanics quick access to parts and supplies and minimize time spent in obtaining
those parts and supplies.
Director of
Materiel

Receiving
Inventory control
The manager of inventory control is responsible for ensuring that the parts and
supplies on hand are sufficient for the normal, expected usage rate without tying up
excessive funds in non-moving items and without running out of stock ton soon or too
often for commonly used items.
Director of
Materiel

Receiving
Shipping and receiving
Manager of shipping and receiving is responsible for packing, waybill preparation,
insurance, customs, etc. for outgoing materials as well as customs clearance,
unpacking, receiving inspection, tagging, etc. for incoming materials. This includes all
parts being shipped into and out of the airline,
Director of
Materiel

Receiving
Manager Level Functions-Maintenance Program Evaluation Directorate
The maintenance program evaluation (MPE) directorate is an organization tasked
with the job of monitoring the maintenance and engineering organization.
The MPE unit will be responsible for the CASS activities. The unit 's functions
include quality assurance. quality control, reliability, and safety.
Director of
Maintenance Program
Evaluation
Quality Assurance Quality Control Reliability Maintenance Safety
Quality Audits A/C Inspection Data Collection Safety Program
Technical Records Shop Inspection Preliminary investigation Health Matters
Standards Materiel Inspection Issue alert notices Safety Equipment

NDT,NDI, & Monitor results
Calibration
Figure 3.6 Directorate of Maintenance Program Evaluation

Maintenance Program Evaluation
Directorate Organization Structure
Director of
Maintenance
Program
Evaluation
Quality Quality Maintenance

Reliability
Assurance Control Safety
Safety Program
Quality Audits A/C Inspection Data Collection Health Matters
Technical Records Shop Inspection Preliminary investigation Safety

Equipment
Standards Materiel Inspection Issue alert notices
Calibration
Figure 3.6 Directorate of Maintenance Program Evaluation
03/20/2021 43
Quality Assurance
The manager of quality assurance is responsible for assuring that all units of M&E
adhere to the company policies and procedures as well as authority (FAA)
requirements.
The manager of QA sets the standards for the M&E operation and the QA auditors
ensure compliance to those standards through yearly audits.
Quality assurance is also responsible for auditing outside suppliers and contractors
for compliance with the company's, as well as the regulatory authority's, rules and
regulations.
Director of
Maintenance Program
Evaluation

Calibration
Quality control
The manager of quality control is responsible for conducting routine inspections of
maintenance and repair work, certifying maintenance and inspection personnel, and
management of the required inspection items (RIIs) program.
This latter function involves the identification of RIIs and the certification of specific
personnel authorized to inspect and accept the work.
The QC organization is also responsible for the calibration of maintenance tools and
test equipment and performs or oversees the nondestructive testing and inspection
(NDT/NDI) procedures.
Director of
Maintenance Program
Evaluation

Calibration
Reliability
The manager of reliability is responsible for conducting the organization's reliability
program and ensuring that any problem areas are promptly addressed.
This responsibility includes data collection and analysis, identification of possible
problem areas (which are then addressed in detail by engineering), and publication of
the monthly reliability report.
Director of
Maintenance Program
Evaluation

Calibration
Safety
The safety organization is responsible for developing, implementing, and
administering the safety and health related activities within the M&E organization.
The safety manager is also responsible for handling all reports and claims regarding
M&E safety issues.
Director of
Maintenance Program
Evaluation

Calibration
Organizational Structure and the TPPM
Further establishment of M&E operations is spelled out in detail in the airline
technical policies and procedures manual (TPPM) which is meticulously developed
by management at the beginning of operations to insure smooth, cross-functional
coordination among the M&E units, and to accomplish the stated goals and
objectives of the organization.
Once the M&E organization and its operational policies and procedures are
established, and the hired personnel are trained on those elements, management can
then "sit back and manage the operation."
Variations from the Typical Organization
It is obvious that the above organizational structure will not work for all commercial
operators. Airlines smaller than this `"typical" airline as well as those which are much
larger, cannot operate efficiently under this arrangement. There must be variations in
this structure to accommodate the differences.
Small airlines may not be able to organize in the manner shown in Fig. 3-1 for two
reasons. One, they may not have enough personnel to populate all these positions; and
two, they may not have enough work to keep all, or some, of these people occupied full
time.
For the larger airlines, especially those with more than one maintenance base, an
organizational structure different from Fig. 3-1 will be necessary. There will be a need
for a hangar maintenance organization at each base where that type of work is done.
Full versus Partial
Organizational Structure
 It should also be pointed out that this "typical" airline structure is not adequate for an
airline that does not, itself, perform all the functions listed in Fig. 3-1.
 Many small airlines and some larger ones do not do their own hangar maintenance
and, therefore, do not need the hangar maintenance organization.
 The same is true for those airlines that outsource their shop maintenance in one or
more areas (avionics. hydraulics. etc.). But even if certain functions are not
performed by the airline itself, these functions must be accomplished to properly
maintain the equipment. The airline must designate someone in the M&E
organization to be responsible for these functions, to see to their completion and to
coordinate these actions with other airline activities.
Approved Maintenance Organization
Regulatory Requirements
ICAO Regulation
The standards in the ICAO Annex that relate to how an operator must perform
maintenance are found in Annex 1 and 6 as listed below;
Annex I, Chapter 4 Licensing of aircraft maintenance engineers (technician
mechanics)
Annex 6, Part I, 8.1.2 approved organizations
Annex 6, Part I, 8.2 requirements for an operator to ensure that a maintenance
manual
Annex 6, Part I, 11.3 subjects to be included in the maintenance manual
Annex 6, 8.4 and 11.3 obligation on operators to have systems of maintenance
management and inspection
 Each of these regulation will be described in the next slides.
Annex 1, Chapter 4 & Annex 6, Part I,
8.1.2 & 8.2
Annex I, Chapter 4 contains the requirements for licensing of aircraft
maintenance engineers (technician mechanics) including the related certification
privileges. The chapter also makes provision for certification privileges to be vested
in organizations approved by the national regulatory authorities of Contracting States
who are required to ensure that the associated certification standards will be no lower
than those that would be achieved by the use of individually licensed personnel.
Annex 6, Part I, 8.1.2 contains a reference to approved organizations. However,

8.4 places an obligation on operators to have in place a system of inspection to ensure
that all maintenance, servicing, overhaul, etc., which affects airworthiness is effected
as prescribed in a maintenance manual.
Annex 6, Part I, 8.2 includes requirements for an operator to ensure that

a maintenance manual is provided for the use and guidance of maintenance
organizations and personnel. The operator is required to ensure that the
manual is amended and revised as necessary and that copies of the changes are
distributed to holders of the manual.
Annex 6, Part I, 11.3
Annex 6, Part I, 11.3 specifies the subjects to be included in the
maintenance manual. In summary, the subjects comprise:
1) servicing and maintenance procedures;
2) the aeroplane maintenance programme;
3) the responsibilities of the various classes of skilled maintenance
personnel;
4) servicing and maintenance procedures which may be prescribed by, or
require the approval of, the State of Registry; and
5) procedures for the preparation of the maintenance release required by 8.7
of the Annex.
Annex 6, 8.4 and 11.3 effectively place an obligation on operators to have
systems of maintenance management and inspection, but provide no specific
guidance on the preferred method of certifying the aircraft as fit for release to
service after maintenance, i.e. by individually licensed personnel, or through
certification privileges vested in an approved organization.
FARs/CASRs Regulations
The standards in the FARs that relate to how an operator must perform maintenance
are found in part 43 and Part 121.
Part 43, Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding and Alteration,
requires that methods. Techniques and practices acceptable to the administrator are
used for inspection and repair of civil aircraft.
Part 121, Certification and Operations-Domestic, Flag and Supplemental Air
Carriers and Commercial Operators of Large Aircraft, governs the operations of
most U.S. carriers engaged in air transportation. Other Parts address commuter, air
taxi, agricultural, and foreign operators.
 Part 121, Subparts L, Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance and Alterations,
includes Parts 121.361 through 121.380a.
FAR/CASR Part 43 & Part 121
 The significant Parts of Subpart L are detailed as follows:
 Part 121.365, Maintenance, preventive maintenance and alteration organization,
requires a certificate holder to have an adequate maintenance and inspection
organization.
 Part 121.367, Maintenance, preventive maintenance and alterations programs,
requires a certificate holder to have a program to ensure maintenance is
performed in accordance with the manual by competent personnel using
adequate facilities and equipment and that each aircraft released to service is
airworthy.
 Part 121.380, Maintenance recording requirements, requires a certificate holder
to keep records of airworthiness releases and current status of all maintenance
items and life limits, including airworthiness directives.
 Part 121.380, Maintenance recording requirements, requires a certificate holder
to keep records of airworthiness releases and current status of all maintenance
items and life limits, including airworthiness directives.
 Part 121.379, Authority to perform and approve maintenance, preventative
maintenance and alterations, requires certificate holders to use approved data for
major repairs and alterations.
 Part 121.703, Mechanical Reliability Report, requires a certificate holder to report to
the FAA the occurrence or detection of failures, malfunctions, or defects.
 Part 121.705, Mechanical Interruption Report, requires a certificate holder to provide
to the FAA a summary report of certain occurrences, such as flight interruptions and
premature engine removals.
 Part 121.380, Maintenance recording requirements, requires a certificate holder to
keep records of airworthiness releases and current status of all maintenance items
and life limits, including airworthiness directives.
 Part 121.379, Authority to perform and approve maintenance, preventative
maintenance and alterations, requires certificate holders to use approved data for
major repairs and alterations.
 Part 121.703, Mechanical Reliability Report, requires a certificate holder to report to
the FAA the occurrence or detection of failures, malfunctions, or defects.
 Part 121.705, Mechanical Interruption Report, requires a certificate holder to provide
to the FAA a summary report of certain occurrences, such as flight interruptions and
premature engine removals.
 Part 121.373, Continuing Analysis and Surveillance Program, requires a certificate
holder to establish and maintain a system for the continuing analysis and
surveillance of the performance and effectiveness of its maintenance program.
 Part 43, Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding and Alteration, requires
that methods. Techniques and practices acceptable to the administrator are used for
inspection and repair of civil aircraft.
 Part 121, Certification and Operations-Domestic, Flag and Supplemental Air
Carriers and Commercial Operators of Large Aircraft, governs the operations of
most U.S. carriers engaged in air transportation. Other Parts address commuter, air
taxi, agricultural, and foreign operators.
 Part 121, Subparts L, Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance and Alterations,
includes Parts 121.361 through 121.380a.
FAA/CASR - ACs
 The FAA issues Advisory Circulars (ACs) to inform the aviation public in a
systematic way of non regulatory material providing guidance, policy, and
information. These ACs provide a generally accepted means, but not only means, of
compliance with the FARs. Operators can deviate from an AC with the consent of
FAA. A master Index lists all effective ACs. There are several Advisory Circulars
that have an impact on Maintenance Programs, as follows:
AC 120-16C, Continuous Airworthiness Maintenance Programs,
AC 25-19, Certification Maintenance Requirements
AC 43-9C, Maintenance Records
AC43-12A, Preventive Maintenance
AC 43.13-1B, Acceptable methods, Techniques and Practices-Aircraft Inspection and repair
AC 120-17A, Maintenance Control by Reliability Methods
AC 120-42A, Extended Range Operation with Two-Engine Airplanes (ETOPS)
AC 121-1A, Standards Operations Specifications Aircraft Maintenance Handbook
AC 121-22A, Maintenance Review Board
AC 129-4, Maintenance Program for Foreign Operators of US-Registered Aircraft under FAR
Part 129
AC 120-16C, AC 25-19, 43-9C, 43-12A
 AC 120-16C, Continuous Airworthiness Maintenance Programs, provides
information and guidance on continuous airworthiness maintenance programs which
gives the airline the privilege and responsibility for aircraft maintenance.
 There are five elements of an airworthiness maintenance program:
 Responsibility for airworthiness
 Maintenance and inspection organization
 Performance and approval of maintenance and alterations
 Arrangements for maintenance and alterations
 Continuous analysis and surveillance
 AC 25-19, Certification Maintenance Requirements, provide guidance on the
selection and documentation and control of certification maintenance requirements.
 AC 43-9C, Maintenance Records, describes methods, procedures and practices
determined to be acceptable for showing compliance with the general aviation
maintenance record making and record-keeping requirements of Parts 43 and 91.
This material is issues for guidance and outlines several methods of compliance with
the regulations.
 AC43-12A, Preventive Maintenance, provides information concerning preventive
maintenance, which may perform it, the standards of performance applicable to it,
authority for approving aircraft for return to service, and the applicable recording
requirements.
AC 43-13-1B, AC 120-17A, 120-42A
 AC 43.13-1B, Acceptable methods, Techniques and Practices-Aircraft
Inspection and repair, contains methods, techniques, and practices acceptable to the
Administrator for inspection and repair of no pressurized areas of civil aircraft only
when there are no manufacturer repair or maintenance instructions.
 This is a good general source of information used by maintenance to satisfy FAR
part 43. This FAR part 43 identifies the documentation required (sign-off) to return
an aircraft back to service and also defines what is a major and minor repair or
alteration.
 AC 120-17A, Maintenance Control by Reliability Methods, provides information
and guidance materials which may be used to design or develop maintenance
reliability programs utilizing reliability control methods. This will satisfy the FAR
Part 121.373 requirement for each certificate holder to establish and maintain a
system for the continuing analysis and surveillance of the performance and
effectiveness of its maintenance program.
 AC 120-42A, Extended Range Operation with Two-Engine Airplanes (ETOPS),
states an acceptable means, but not the only means, for obtaining approval under
FAR Section 121.161 for two-engine airplanes to operate over a route that contains a
point farther than one hour flying time at the normal one-engine inoperative cruise
speed from an adequate airport.
AC 121-1A, 121-22A, 129-4
 AC 121-1A, Standards Operations Specifications Aircraft Maintenance
Handbook, provides procedures acceptable to the FAA that may be used by
operators when establishing inspection intervals and overhaul times.
 AC 121-22A, Maintenance Review Board, provides guidelines that may be used
by industry during the development and revision of the initial minimum scheduled
maintenance/inspection requirements for derivative or newly type certificated
transport category aircraft and power plants for submittal to the FAA for approval.
 These initial minimum scheduled maintenance/inspection requirements are referred
to in this AC as the Maintenance Review Board Report (MRBR).
 The requirements, after approval by the FAA become the framework around which
each air carrier develops its own individual maintenance program and which the
manufacturer uses in the manuals to satisfy the requirement for instructions for
continuing airworthiness.
 AC 129-4, Maintenance Program for Foreign Operators of US-Registered Aircraft
under FAR Part 129, provides information and guidance about acceptable
maintenance programs for U.S.-registered aircraft subject to FAR Part 129.
AMO CERTIFICATION
CASR Part 145
Application
 CASR Part 145 provide the rules that a certificated AMO must follow related to
its performance of maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations of an
aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, or component part to
which part 43 applies. This rules also applies to any person who holds, or is
required to hold, an AMO certificate issued under this part.
 An application for an additional rating, amended AMO certificate, or renewal
of an AMO certificate must be made in a format acceptable to the Director
General. The application must include only that information necessary to
substantiate the change or renewal of the certificate.
 A certificated AMO must provide housing, facilities, equipment, materials, and
data that meet the applicable requirements for the issuance of the certificate
and ratings the AMO holds.
Application Requirement
 An application for an AMO certificate and rating must be made in a format acceptable to
the DGAC and must include the following:
(1) An AMO manual for approval by the DGAC as required by section 145.207;
(2) A quality control manual for approval by the DGAC as required by section
145.211(c);
(3) A list by type, make, or model, as appropriate, of each article for which the
application is made;
(4) An organizational chart of the AMO and the names and titles of managing and
supervisory personnel;
(5) A description of the housing and facilities, including the physical address, in
accordance with section 145.103;
(6) A list of the maintenance functions, for approval by the DGAC, to be performed
for the AMO under contract by another person in accordance with section
145.217; and
(7) A training program for approval by the DGAC in accordance with section
145.163.
Facility Requirement
 The equipment, personnel, technical data, and housing and facilities required
for the certificate and rating, or for an additional rating must be in place for
inspection at the time of certification or rating approval by the Director
General.
 An applicant may meet the equipment requirement of this paragraph if the
applicant has a contract acceptable to the Director General with another person
to make the equipment available to the applicant at the time of certification
and at any time that it is necessary when the relevant work is being performed
by the AMO.
 In addition to meeting the other applicable requirements for an AMO
certificate and rating, an applicant for an AMO certificate and rating located
outside the Republic of Indonesia must meet the following requirements:
(1) The applicant must show that the AMO certificate and/or rating is
necessary for maintaining or altering the following:
(i) Indonesian registered aircraft and articles for use on Indonesian
registered aircraft, or
(ii) Foreign-registered aircraft operated under the provisions of part 121
or part 135, and articles for use on these aircraft.
Facility Requirement
(a) Each certificated AMO must provide:
(1) Housing for the facilities, equipment, materials, and personnel consistent with its
ratings.
(2) Facilities for properly performing the maintenance, preventive maintenance, or
alterations of articles or the specialized services for which it is rated. Facilities must
include the following:
(i) Sufficient work space and areas for the proper segregation and protection of
articles during all maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations;
(ii) Segregated work areas enabling environmentally hazardous or sensitive
operations such as painting, cleaning, welding, avionics work, electronic work,
and machining to be done properly and in a manner that does not adversely
affect other maintenance or alteration articles or activities;
(iii) Suitable racks, hoists, trays, stands, and other segregation means for the
storage and protection of all articles undergoing maintenance, preventive
maintenance, or alterations;
(iv) Space sufficient to segregate articles and materials stocked for installation
from those articles undergoing maintenance, preventive maintenance, or
alterations; and
(v) Ventilation, lighting, and control of temperature, humidity, and other climatic
conditions sufficient to ensure personnel perform maintenance, preventive
maintenance, or alterations to the standards required by this part.
(b) A certificated AMO with an airframe rating must provide suitable permanent housing to
enclose the largest type and model of aircraft listed on its operations specifications.
(c) A certificated AMO may perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations on
articles outside of its housing if it provides suitable facilities that are acceptable to the
Director General and meet the requirements of section 145.103(a) so that the work can be
done in accordance with the requirements of CASR Part 43.
Change of location, housing, or facilities
(a) A certificated AMO may not change the location of its housing without
written approval from the Director General.
(b) A certificated AMO may not make any changes to its housing or facilities
required by section 145.103 that could have a significant effect on its ability to
perform the maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations under its
AMO certificate and operations specifications without written approval from
the Director General.
(c) The Director General may prescribe the conditions, including any limitations,
under which a certificated AMO must operate while it is changing its location,
housing, or facilities.
Satellite AMO
(a) A certificated AMO under the managerial control of another certificated AMO may
operate as a satellite AMO with its own certificate issued by the Director General. A
satellite AMO:
(1) May not hold a rating not held by the certificated AMO with managerial control;
(2) Must meet the requirements for each rating it holds;
(3) Must submit an AMO manual for approval by the Director General as required by
section 145.207; and
(4) Must submit a quality control manual for approval by the Director General as required
by section 145.211(c).
(b) Unless the Director General indicates otherwise, personnel and equipment from the
certificated AMO with managerial control and from each of the satellite AMOs may be
shared. However, inspection personnel must be designated for each satellite AMO and
available at the satellite AMO any time a determination of airworthiness or return to
service is made. In other circumstances, inspection personnel may be away from the
premises but must be available by telephone, radio, or other electronic means.
(c) A satellite AMO may not be located in a country other than the domicile country of the
certificated AMO with managerial control.
Equipment, materials, and data
requirements
a) Except as otherwise prescribed by the Director General, a certificated AMO must have
the equipment, tools, and materials necessary to perform the maintenance, preventive
maintenance, or alterations under its AMO certificate and operations specifications in
accordance with part 43. The equipment, tools, and material must be located on the
premises and under the AMO's control when the work is being done.
b) A certificated AMO must ensure all test and inspection equipment and tools used to
make airworthiness determinations on articles are calibrated to a standard acceptable to
the Director General.
c) The equipment, tools, and material must be those recommended by the manufacturer of
the article or must be at least equivalent to those recommended by the manufacturer and
acceptable to the Director General.
d) A certificated AMO must maintain, in a format acceptable to the Director General, the
documents and data required for the performance of maintenance, preventive
maintenance, or alterations under its AMO certificate and operations specifications in
accordance with part 43. The following documents and data must be current and
accessible when the relevant work is being done:
(1) Airworthiness directives, (2) Instructions for continued airworthiness,
(3) Maintenance manuals, (4) Overhaul manuals,
(5) Standard practice manuals, (6) Service bulletins, and
(7) Other applicable data acceptable to or approved by the Director General.
Personnel requirements
Each certificated AMO must:
(a) Designate an AMO employee as the accountable manager;
(b) Provide qualified personnel to plan, supervise, perform, and approve for return to service
the maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations performed under the AMO
certificate and operations specifications;
(c) Ensure it has a sufficient number of employees with the training or knowledge and
experience in the performance of maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations
authorized by the AMO certificate and operations specifications to ensure all work is
performed in accordance with CASR Part 43; and
(d) Determine the abilities of its non-certificated employees performing maintenance
functions based on training, knowledge, experience, or practical tests.
Supervisory personnel requirements
(a) A certificated AMO must ensure it has a sufficient number of supervisors to direct the
work performed under the AMO certificate and operations specifications. The
supervisors must oversee the work performed by any individuals who are unfamiliar with
the methods, techniques, practices, aids, equipment, and tools used to perform the
maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations.
(b)Each supervisor must:
(1) If employed by an AMO located inside the Republic of Indonesia, be licensed under
CASR Part 65.
(2) If employed by an AMO located outside the Republic of Indonesia:
(i) Have a minimum of 18 months of practical experience in the work being
performed; or
(ii)Be trained in or thoroughly familiar with the methods, techniques, practices, aids,
equipment, and tools used to perform the maintenance, preventive maintenance,
or alterations.
(c) A certificated AMO must ensure its supervisors understand, read, and write English.
Inspection personnel requirements
(a) A certificated AMO must ensure that persons performing inspections under the AMO
certificate and operations specifications are:
(1) Thoroughly familiar with the applicable regulations in the CASRs and with the
inspection methods, techniques, practices, aids, equipment, and tools used to
determine the airworthiness of the article on which maintenance, preventive
maintenance, or alterations are being performed; and
(2) Proficient in using the various types of inspection equipment and visual inspection
aids appropriate for the article being inspected; and
(b)A certificated AMO must ensure its inspectors understand, read, and write English.
Personnel authorized to approve an article
for return to service
(a) A certificated AMO located inside the Republic of Indonesia must ensure each person
authorized to approve an article for return to service under the AMO certificate and
operations specifications is licensed under CASR Part 65.
(b)A certificated AMO located outside the Republic of Indonesia must ensure each person
authorized to approve an article for return to service under the AMO certificate and
operations specifications is:
(1) Licensed and meet the requirements of ICAO Annex 1,
(2) Thoroughly familiar with the applicable regulations in the CASRs and proficient in
the use of the various inspection methods, techniques, practices, aids, equipment,
and tools appropriate for the work being performed and approved for return to
service.
(c) A certificated AMO must ensure each person authorized to approve an article for return
to service understands, reads, and writes English.
Records of management, supervisory, and
inspection personnel
(a) A certificated AMO must maintain and make available in a format acceptable to the Director
General the following:
(1) A roster of management and supervisory personnel that includes the names of the AMO
officials who are responsible for its management and the names of its supervisors who
oversee maintenance functions.
(2) A roster with the names of all inspection personnel.
(3) A roster of personnel authorized to sign a maintenance release for approving a maintained
or altered article for return to service.
(4) A summary of the employment of each individual whose name is on the personnel rosters
required by paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(3) of this section. The summary must contain
enough information on each individual listed on the roster to show compliance with the
experience requirements of this part and must include the following:
(i) Present title,
(ii) Total years of experience and the type of maintenance work performed,
(iii) Past relevant employment with names of employers and periods of employment,
(iv) Scope of present employment, and
(v) The type of license held and the ratings on that license, if applicable.
(b) Within 5 business days of the change, the rosters required by this section must reflect changes
caused by termination, reassignment, change in duties or scope of assignment, or addition of
personnel.
Training requirements
(a) A certificated AMO must have an employee training program approved by the Director
General that consists of initial and recurrent training.
(1) An applicant for an AMO certificate must submit a training program for approval by
the Director General as required by section 145.51(a)(7).
(2) The training program shall include training in knowledge and skills related to human
performance, including co-ordination with other maintenance personnel.
(b)The training program must ensure each employee assigned to perform maintenance,
preventive maintenance, or alterations, and inspection functions is capable of performing
the assigned task.
(c) A certificated AMO must document, in a format acceptable to the Director General, the
individual employee training required under paragraph (a) of this section. These training
records must be retained for a minimum of 2 years.
(d)A certificated AMO must submit revisions to its training program to the DGAC office in
accordance with the procedures required by section 145.209(e).
OPERATING RULES
Privileges and limitations of certificate
(a) A certificated AMO may:
(1) Perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations in accordance with part 43 on any
article for which it is rated and within the limitations in its operations specifications.
(2) Arrange for another person to perform the maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations
of any article for which the certificated AMO is rated. If that person is not certificated under
CASR Part 145, the certificated AMO must ensure that the non-certificated person follows a
quality control system equivalent to the system followed by the certificated AMO.
(3) Approve for return to service any article for which it is rated after it has performed maintenance,
preventive maintenance, or an alteration in accordance with CASR Part 43.
(b) A certificated AMO may not maintain or alter any article for which it is not rated, and may not
maintain or alter any article for which it is rated if it requires special technical data, equipment, or
facilities that are not available to it.
(c) A certificated AMO may not approve for return to service:
(1) Any article unless the maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alteration was performed in
accordance with the applicable approved technical data or data acceptable to the Director
General.
(2) Any article after a major repair or major alteration unless the major repair or major alteration was
performed in accordance with applicable approved technical data; and
(3) Any experimental aircraft after a major repair or major alteration performed under section 43.1(b)
unless the major repair or major alteration was performed in accordance with methods and
applicable technical data acceptable to the Director General.
Work performed at another location
A certificated AMO may temporarily transport material, equipment, and
personnel needed to perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, alterations,
or certain specialized services on an article for which it is rated to a place other
than the AMO's fixed location if the following requirements are met:
(a)The work is necessary due to a special circumstance, as determined by the
Director General; or
(b) It is necessary to perform such work on a recurring basis, and the AMO's
manual includes the procedures for accomplishing maintenance, preventive
maintenance, alterations, or specialized services at a place other than the
AMO's fixed location.
Maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations performed for certificate
holders under parts 121 and 135, and for foreign air carriers or foreign persons
operating an Indonesian registered aircraft in common carriage under CASR Part 129
(a) A certificated AMO that performs maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations for an air
carrier or commercial operator that has a continuous airworthiness maintenance program under
CASR Part 121 or Part 135 must follow the air carrier's or commercial operator's program and
applicable sections of its maintenance manual.
(b) A certificated AMO that performs maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations for a foreign
air carrier or foreign person operating an Indonesian registered aircraft under CASR Part 129 must
follow the operator's DGAC approved maintenance program.
(c) Notwithstanding the housing requirement of section 145.103(b), the Director General may grant
approval for a certificated AMO to perform line maintenance for an air carrier certificated under part
121 or part 135, or a foreign air carrier or foreign person operating an Indonesian registered aircraft in
common carriage under CASR Part 129 on any aircraft of that air carrier or person, provided:
(1) The certificated AMO performs such line maintenance in accordance with the operator's manual,
if applicable, and approved maintenance program;
(2) The certificated AMO has the necessary equipment, trained personnel, and technical data to
perform such line maintenance; and
(3) The certificated AMO's operations specifications include an authorization to perform line
maintenance.
AMO manual
(a) A certificated AMO must prepare and follow an AMO manual approved by the
Director General.
(b) A certificated AMO must maintain a current AMO manual.
(c) A certificated AMO's current AMO manual must be accessible for use by AMO
personnel required by subpart D of this part.
(d) A certificated AMO must provide to the DGAC office the current AMO manual
in a format acceptable to the Director General.
(e) A certificated AMO must notify the DGAC office of each revision of its AMO
manual in accordance with the procedures required by section 145.209(j).
AMO manual contents
A certificated AMO's manual must include the following:
(a) An organizational chart identifying:
(1) Each management position with authority to act on behalf of the AMO,
(2) The area of responsibility assigned to each management position, and
(3) The duties, responsibilities, and authority of each management position;
(b) Procedures for maintaining and revising the rosters required by section 145.161;
(c) A description of the certificated AMO's operations, including the housing, facilities, equipment, and materials as
required by subpart C of this part;
(d) Procedures for:
(1) Revising the capability list provided for in section 145.215 and notifying the DAGC office of revisions to the
list, including how often the DGAC office will be notified of revisions; and
(2) The self-evaluation required under section 145.215(c) for revising the capability list, including methods and
frequency of such evaluations, and procedures for reporting the results to the appropriate manager for
review and action;
(e) Procedures for revising the training program required by section 145.163 and submitting revisions to the DGAC
office for approval;
(f) Procedures to govern work performed at another location in accordance with section 145.203;
(g) Procedures for maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations performed under section 145.205;
(h) Procedures for:
(1) Maintaining and revising the contract maintenance information required by section 145.217(a)(2)(i), including
submitting revisions to the DGAC office for approval; and
(2) Maintaining and revising the contract maintenance information required by section 145.217(a)(2)(ii) and
notifying the DGAC office of revisions to this information, including how often the DGAC office will be notified
of revisions;
(i) A description of the required records and the recordkeeping system used to obtain, store, and retrieve the
required records;
(j) Procedures for revising the AMO's manual and notifying the DGAC office of revisions to the manual, including
how often the DGAC office will be notified of revisions; and
(k) A description of the system used to identify and control sections of the AMO manual.
Quality control system
(a) A certificated AMO must establish and maintain a quality control system acceptable to the DGAC
that ensures the airworthiness of the articles on which the AMO or any of its contractors performs
maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations.
(b) AMO personnel must follow the quality control system when performing maintenance, preventive
maintenance, or alterations under the AMO certificate and operations specifications.
(c) A certificated AMO must prepare and keep current a quality control manual in a format approved
by the Director General that includes the following:
(1) A description of the system and procedures used for:
(i) Inspecting incoming raw materials to ensure acceptable quality;
(ii) Performing preliminary inspection of all articles that are maintained;
(iii) Inspecting all articles that have been involved in an accident for hidden damage before
maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alteration is performed;
(iv) Establishing and maintaining proficiency of inspection personnel;
(v) Establishing and maintaining current technical data for maintaining articles;
(vi) Qualifying and surveilling noncertificated persons who perform maintenance, prevention
maintenance, or alterations for the AMO;
(vii) Performing final inspection and return to service of maintained articles;
(viii)Calibrating measuring and test equipment used in maintaining articles, including the
intervals at which the equipment will be calibrated; and
(ix) Taking corrective action on deficiencies;
(2) References, where applicable, to the manufacturer's inspection standards for a particular
article, including reference to any data specified by that manufacturer;
(3) A sample of the inspection and maintenance forms and instructions for completing such forms
or a reference to a separate forms manual; and
(4) Procedures for revising the quality control manual required under this section and notifying
the DGAC office of the revisions, including how often the DGAC office will be notified of
revisions.
(d) A certificated AMO must notify the DGAC office of revisions to its quality control manual.
Inspection of maintenance, preventive
maintenance, or alterations
(a) A certificated AMO must inspect each article upon which it has performed
maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations as described in
paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section before approving that article for return
to service.
(b) A certificated AMO must certify on an article's maintenance release that the
article is airworthy with respect to the maintenance, preventive
maintenance, or alterations performed after:
(1) The AMO performs work on the article; and
(2) An inspector inspects the article on which the AMO has performed work
and determines it to be airworthy with respect to the work performed.
(c) For the purposes of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, an inspector
must meet the requirements of 145.155.
(d) Except for individuals employed by an AMO located outside the Republic of
Indonesia, only an employee licensed under CASR Part 65 is authorized to
sign off on final inspections and maintenance releases for the AMO.
Capability list
(a) A certificated AMO with a limited rating may perform maintenance,
preventive maintenance, or alterations on an article if the article is listed on
a current capability list acceptable to the Director General or on the AMO's
operations specifications.
(b) The capability list must identify each article by make and model or other
nomenclature designated by the article's manufacturer and be available in a
format acceptable to the Director General.
(c) An article may be listed on the capability list only if the article is within the
scope of the ratings of the AMO's certificate, and only after the AMO has
performed a self-evaluation in accordance with the procedures under
section 145.209(d)(2). The AMO must perform this self-evaluation to
determine that the AMO has all of the housing, facilities, equipment,
material, technical data, processes, and trained personnel in place to
perform the work on the article as required by CASR Part 145. The AMO
must retain on file documentation of the evaluation.
(d) Upon listing an additional article on its capability list, the AMO must provide
the DGAC office with a copy of the revised list in accordance with the
procedures required in section 145.209(d)(1).
Contract maintenance
(a) A certificated AMO may contract a maintenance function pertaining to an
article to an outside source provided:
(1) The DGAC approves the maintenance function to be contracted to the
outside source; and
(2) The AMO maintains and makes available to the DGAC office, in a format
acceptable to the Director General, the following information:
(i) The maintenance functions contracted to each outside facility; and
(ii) The name of each outside facility to whom the AMO contracts
maintenance functions and the type of certificate and ratings, if any,
held by each facility.
(b) A certificated AMO may contract a maintenance function pertaining to an
article to a non-certificated person provided:
(1) The non-certificated person follows a quality control system equivalent to
the system followed by the AMO;
(2) The certificated AMO remains directly in charge of the work performed by
the non-certificated person; and
(3) The certificated AMO verifies, by test and/or inspection, that the work has
been performed satisfactorily by the non-certificated person and that the
article is airworthy before approving it for return to service.
(c) A certificated AMO may not provide only approval for return to service of a
complete type-certificated product following contract maintenance,
preventive maintenance, or alterations.
Recordkeeping
(a) A certificated AMO must retain records in English that demonstrate
compliance with the requirements of CASR Part 43. The records must be
retained in a format acceptable to the Director General.
(b) A certificated AMO must provide a copy of the maintenance release to the
owner or operator of the article on which the maintenance, preventive
maintenance, or alteration was performed.
(c) A certificated AMO must retain the records required by this section for at
least 2 years from the date the article was approved for return to service.
(d) The records specified in this section shall be retained for a minimum period
of 90 days after the unit to which they refer has been permanently
withdrawn from service.
(e) A certificated AMO must make all required records available for inspection
by the Director General and the National Transportation Safety Committee
(NTSC).
Reports of failures, malfunctions, or defects
(a) A certificated AMO must report to the DGAC within 96 hours after it discovers any failure,
malfunction, or defect of an article. The report must be in a format acceptable to the Director General.
(b) The report required under paragraph (a) of this section must include as much of the following
information as is available:
(1) Aircraft registration number;
(2) Type, make, and model of the article;
(3) Date of the discovery of the failure, malfunction, or defect;
(4) Nature of the failure, malfunction, or defect;
(5) Time since last overhaul, if applicable;
(6) Apparent cause of the failure, malfunction, or defect; and
(7) Other pertinent information that is necessary for more complete identification, determination of
seriousness, or corrective action.
(c) The holder of an AMO certificate that is also the holder of a CASR Part 121 or 135 certificate; type
certificate (including a supplemental type certificate); parts manufacturer approval; or technical
standard order authorization, or that is the licensee of a type certificate holder, does not need to
report a failure, malfunction, or defect under this section if the failure, malfunction, or defect has been
reported under sections 21.3, 121.703, or 135.703 of the CASRs.
(d) A certificated AMO may submit a service difficulty report for the following:
(1) A CASR Part 121 certificate holder under section 121.703(g), provided the report meets the
requirements of section 121.703 of the CASRs.
(2) A CASR Part 135 certificate holder under section 135.703, provided the report meets the
requirements of section 135.703 of the CASRs.
(e) A certificated AMO authorized to report a failure, malfunction, or defect under paragraph (d) of this
section must not report the same failure, malfunction, or defect under paragraph (a) of this section. A
copy of the report submitted under paragraph (d) of this section must be forwarded to the certificate
holder.
DGAC inspections
(a) A certificated AMO must allow the DGAC to inspect that AMO at any
time to determine compliance with the CASRs.
(b) A certificated AMO may not contract for the performance of a
maintenance function on an article with a non-certificated person
unless it provides in its contract with the non-certificated person that
the Director General may make an inspection and observe the
performance of the non-certificated person's work on the article.
(c) A certificated AMO may not return to service any article on which a
maintenance function was performed by a non-certificated person if
the non-certificated person does not permit the Director General to
make the inspection described in paragraph (b) of this section.
Ratings & Limited Rating
a) Airframe Ratings  Class 2 – Navigational
 Class 1 – Composite constructions
of small aircraft. equipment
 Class 2 – Composite constructions  Class 3 – Radar equipment
of large aircraft.
 Class 3 – All metal constructions d) Instrument Ratings
of small aircraft.  Class 1 – Mechanical
 Class 4 – All metal constructions
of large aircraft.  Class 2 – Electrical
 Class 3 – Electronic
b) Powerplant Ratings
Class 1 – Reciproc. engines of 400 e) Accessory Ratings
hp. or less  Class 1 – Mechanical
Class 2 – Reciproc. engines of
more than 400 Hp  Class 2 – Electrical
Class 3 – Turbine engines  Class 3 – Electronic
c) Radio Ratings
 Class 1 – Communication
equipment
Overview of the criteria on
which approval of maintenance
organizations is based
Grant of approval
 It is strongly recommended that approval be granted only to a whole organization
headed by its chief executive officer (CEO), who should be responsible to the
airworthiness authority for ensuring that the terms and conditions of the approval are
complied with.
 This approach provides a guarantee to the airworthiness authority that responsibility
for corrective action for any deficiencies identified by the airworthiness authority is
vested at the highest level in the organization’s management structure, thus ensuring
that the necessary executive authority (including finance, where applicable) will be
available.
 This might not be the case, for example, if the approval is vested only in the
inspection department of an organization.
 To support the CEO there should be a group of key personnel, nominated to the
airworthiness authority who are appropriately qualified and experienced to manage
the various aspects of the activities included in the approval.
Systems of inspection and quality management
To satisfy the obligation of States under Annex 6, Part I, aircraft cannot be released to
service following scheduled or unscheduled maintenance unless certifications are made
by appropriately licensed/approved personnel that the tasks have been completed in
accordance with the requirements of the State of Registry.
There are three generally accepted methods of meeting the requirement detailed in
Annex 6, Part I.
(i.) use of licensed personnel; the individual either completes the task, or is
responsible for its completion, and issues the necessary certification;
(ii.) the task is completed by staff of a production department; a separate
inspection department is responsible for the necessary certification; and
(iii.) the staff of the production department are responsible for completion of the
task to approved quality control standards and are qualified to issue the
necessary certification; a separate quality assurance department completes
sample audits to determine that the approved procedures are being adhered
to and the final product is satisfactory.
 It is not uncommon to find various combinations of (i), (ii) and (iii) in organizations.
Of the three methods, some experts consider that (iii) is the optimum for the present
generation of large transport aircraft.
 Before considering this topic further it is necessary, for the purposes of this chapter,
to provide definitions of quality, quality control and quality assurance:
(i.) quality of a product or service is the degree to which it meets the
requirements of the customer, including the relevant airworthiness
requirements;
(ii.) quality control is a management system for programming and
coordinating the on-going quality and improvement efforts of the various
groups in an organization to permit the completion of aircraft maintenance
in accordance with the requirements of the airworthiness authority and any
specific requirements of the organization or customer; and
(iii.) quality assurance is the over-all authority for the supervision of quality
standards, enabling these standards set by the system of quality control to
be enforced.
 In practical terms, it is very difficult to manage quality control in circumstances
where completion of a task and determination of compliance with the associated
quality requirements is the responsibility of separate persons (as in B. 2) (ii)).
 The highest standard of quality of aircraft maintenance is very much dependent on
the competence of the personnel who complete the tasks; it is not something that
can be inspected-in’.
 Thus responsibility for quality control management is best vested in a competent
production work force who complete the tasks and are qualified to accept
responsibility for certification of them, in accordance with prescribed procedures.
 No system of quality management is complete without an element of quality
assurance. This provides, through an independent audit system, the necessary
feedback to the management of the approved organization to ensure that: (see
textbox below)
 Further guidance material on quality management is provided in 3.5.3.
(i.) through product sampling, the requirements of the customer, including those related to airworthiness, are being
satisfied;
(ii.) the procedures of the organization are being complied with and that they remain appropriate for the undertakings of
the organization; and
(iii.) the organization remains in compliance with the requirements and conditions of the approval granted by the
airworthiness authority.
The purpose of the maintenance manual
 Operators are required to provide a maintenance manual, as outlined in 3.6.3 of this
chapter. Interpreted literally, the requirement applies only to an operator; States are
encouraged to apply the principle of this requirement to any approved maintenance
organization, whether an integral part of an operator or not.
 The purpose of the manual for an approved maintenance organization is threefold:
(i.) to provide to the personnel the necessary information to enable them to fulfill their various roles in complying
with the terms and conditions of the approval and the relevant airworthiness requirements;
(ii.) to provide airworthiness management for the maintenance activities undertaken by the organization; and
(iii.) to substantiate to the airworthiness authority how the activities included in the approval - and the relevant
airworthiness requirements will be satisfied.
 It is recommended that the airworthiness authority should consider the provision of

this manual as an integral part of the approval of the organization; subsequent
amendments to the manual should also be approved by the airworthiness authority,
either directly or by a delegation process.
 In the case of large organizations, it may be more appropriate for the manual to be
divided into two or more volumes. The first volume would contain the essential
requirements for management of the approval and compliance with the appropriate
airworthiness requirements, including the control of the contents of the other volumes.
It is then usual for the airworthiness authority to limit its direct approval to the
contents of the first volume.
Human resources
 The organization should employ sufficient personnel to plan, perform, supervise and
inspect the activities included in the approval.
 Organizations engaged in aircraft maintenance for commercial reasons are under
constant pressure to achieve maximum work throughput.
 It is important to determine that such organizations have the necessary human
resources to match the anticipated workload without any reduction in the standards
accepted by the airworthiness authority in the granting of the approval.
 There are no Standards or Recommended Practices which relate to personnel
employed in aircraft maintenance other than those which relate to certifying staff.
 Nevertheless, it is important to realize that aircraft maintenance is an integrated
activity, involving technical records, planning, supervision, quality-control and/or
quality-assurance personnel, mechanics and specialist technicians, e.g. non-
destructive test personnel.
 Procedures should exist to ensure that these persons are assessed for competence in
relation to their particular role within the organization.
Training policy
 Air transport is an industry which, more than most, has to adapt to technology which
is in a constant state of development. Training provided to personnel engaged in
aircraft maintenance needs to mirror this state of change; consideration needs to be
given to requirements for refresher/continuation training as well as initial training in
the approval of organizations.
 The only relevant Standards are in Annex 6, Part I, 8.3 (aeroplanes) and Part III, 6.3
(helicopters) which require that: “An operator shall ensure that all maintenance
personnel are instructed regarding the maintenance methods to be employed, in
particular when new or unfamiliar equipment is introduced into service.”
 It is strongly recommended that policies for initial and refresher training are
considered in the assessment for approval by the airworthiness authority.
Consideration should be given to the needs of mechanics, quality-control and/or
quality-assurance personnel, supervisors, planners and technical records personnel as
well as those persons certifying aircraft as fit for release into service.
 It is important to note that training should not be limited to providing knowledge of
the products which are maintained by the organization. There is a need to ensure all
personnel are given training on the company procedures associated with the
approval. Where the organization utilizes specialized techniques, e.g. non-
destructive inspection or novel methods of repair, appropriate training should be
provided.
Qualification of certifying personnel
 As explained in 1.1, ICAO requirements for the licensing of personnel engaged in
aircraft maintenance and the acceptability of approved maintenance organizations
are provided in Annex I. In relation to approved maintenance organizations, there
are no Standards or Recommended Practices on the qualification of certifying
personnel employed by the organization. Airworthiness authorities should give
particular attention to this point in their national requirements for approval of
maintenance organizations; for airworthiness authorities that issue aircraft
maintenance engineer (technician mechanic) licenses, possession of an appropriate
license demonstrates a level of knowledge and experience which may be appropriate
as a basic qualification for certifying personnel.
 For airworthiness authorities who do not issue licenses, it is important to ensure that
proper procedures and training exist for qualification of the persons who will be
making certifications in respect of the release of aircraft to service.
 All certifying personnel should be familiar with the relevant company systems and
procedures, as well as having appropriate knowledge of the aircraft component being
maintained. It is important that compliance with this requirement is determined
before a certifying authorization is granted.
Facility requirements
 Facilities, including access equipment, should be available appropriate to the planned work,
including, in particular, protection from adverse weather conditions. Specialized workshops
should be segregated to ensure that environmental or work area contamination are unlikely to
occur. Aircraft maintenance is documentary intensive; adequate office facilities should be
available for personnel engaged in the management of quality, planning and technical records.
 Storage facilities should be provided for parts, equipment, tools and material. Storage
conditions should be such that unauthorized access to serviceable parts is prevented and that
there is complete segregation of serviceable and unserviceable parts.
 Equipment, tools, material, airworthiness and maintenance data should be available for
completion of the scope of activities included in the approval granted by the airworthiness
authority. For maintenance organizations who are not themselves aircraft operators, it is not
uncommon for an organization to expect some specialized equipment, tools and data in respect
of a particular variant of an aircraft type to be provided by the operator. An airworthiness
authority which accepts an arrangement of this nature should ensure that the activity is
controlled by proper contractual arrangement between the maintenance organization and the
operator.
 Much of the tooling and equipment associated with aircraft maintenance is subject to periodic
calibration. The calibration procedures should be acceptable to the airworthiness authority and
the actual standards themselves traceable to international standards acceptable to the State
concerned.
Contract and sub-contract
 It is accepted practice for operators to contract their maintenance requirements to
approved maintenance organizations. Similarly, it is accepted practice to permit
approved organizations to sub-contract work to organizations which are either not
approved by the airworthiness authority or not approved by the airworthiness
authority for the activities under consideration. In the acceptance of this practice,
consideration should be given to the following points:
(i.) the approved organization must be approved for the work which is to be sub-contracted and have the
capability to assess the competence of the subcontractor;
(ii.) the approved organization must retain responsibility for quality control and release of sub-contracted
activities, including the appropriate airworthiness requirements; and
(iii.) the existence of the necessary procedures for the control of sub-contracted activities, together with
terms of reference for the personnel responsible for their management.
Quality Management
 In recognition of the key importance of this activity in continuing airworthiness, it is
essential for the manager of the quality department to have direct access to the CEO
on quality issues.
 The maintenance organization’s systems for quality control and assurance should
take into account all of the facilities and procedures utilized to ensure continuing
airworthiness where activities take place affecting the airworthiness of the aircraft
and product quality for subjects not directly related to airworthiness.
 Quality control should therefore be effective throughout the maintenance of aircraft
and quality auditing should ensure that control is being properly applied and
achieving satisfactory results.
Procedures and personnel qualifications
 The organization’s quality control policies and systems should be described in the maintenance
manual, together with the quality assurance audit program in respect of product, facility and
procedures.
 Staff assigned to quality control and assurance duties should be:
(i.) sufficiently experienced in the company systems and procedures and technically knowledgeable of the aircraft being maintained so as
to enable them to perform their duties satisfactorily;
(ii.) experienced in the techniques of quality control and assurance or receive suitable training before taking up their duties; and
(iii.) given clearly defined terms of reference and responsibility within the organization and reporting lines to senior management.
 Note.- This is particularly important where quality personnel are also expected to perform other
duties in the organization, e.g. to issue maintenance releases after the completion of base
maintenance.
 The department responsible for quality control and assurance should arrange for independent
quality audit checks to be carried out in accordance with the audit program. Emphasis should be
placed on the company systems employed to achieve and ensure airworthiness, their suitability
and effectiveness. The scope of quality checks within the organization should be based on the
guidelines given in Chapter 17 of the Inspectors handbook
 All quality checks should be recorded and assessed and any criticisms forwarded to the person
responsible for the particular facility or procedure for corrective action to be taken. There
should be a feedback system for confirming to the quality assurance staff that corrective action
has been taken and to ensure that persons concerned with any audit deficiency are kept aware of
both the adverse report and the outcome.
Organization’s Manual
 The organization’s manual should provide clear guidance to personnel on how the activities
included in the airworthiness authority approval are managed, their personal responsibilities
and how compliance with the appropriate continuing airworthiness requirements is achieved.
It should also include a statement of the organization’s policies and objectives. If this manual is
used also to comply with the maintenance manual requirements of Annex 6, Part I, 11.3, the
aeroplane maintenance program should be included.
 Consideration should be given to the following topics: (See textbox in the next slide)
(i.) need for a statement signed by the CEO confirming that the manual defines the organization’s procedures
and associated personnel responsibilities and will be complied with at all times;
(ii.) details of key personnel specifically nominated to the airworthiness authority:
1. a senior person, or group of persons, whose functions will include responsibility for the co-
ordination of all appropriate departments so as to ensure compliance with the relevant
airworthiness requirements. It is recommended that this person or group should be directly
responsible to the CEO;
2. heads of departments and such other senior and specialist staff as are appropriate to the
activities encompassed by the approval; and
3. personnel approved to authorize signatories for the maintenance releases specified in Annex 6,
Part I, 8.7;
(iii.) the terms of reference of the persons nominated in accordance with b), as applicable to the activities
covered by the approval. The specific subjects on which these persons are authorized to deal direct with the
airworthiness authority should be defined within the terms of reference;
Organization’s Manual
(i.) need for a statement signed by the CEO confirming that the manual defines the organization’s procedures
and associated personnel responsibilities and will be complied with at all times;
(ii.) details of key personnel specifically nominated to the airworthiness authority:
1. a senior person, or group of persons, whose functions will include responsibility for the co-ordination
of all appropriate departments so as to ensure compliance with the relevant airworthiness
requirements. It is recommended that this person or group should be directly responsible to the CEO;
2. heads of departments and such other senior and specialist staff as are appropriate to the activities
encompassed by the approval; and
3. personnel approved to authorize signatories for the maintenance releases specified in Annex 6, Part I,
8.7;
(iii.) the terms of reference of the persons nominated in accordance with b), as applicable to the activities
covered by the approval. The specific subjects on which these persons are authorized to deal direct with the
airworthiness authority should be defined within the terms of reference;
(iv.) an organization chart showing the associated chains of responsibility of the persons nominated in
accordance with (ii);
(v.) the scope of the facilities for the maintenance of aircraft, together with information on the availability of
equipment essential for, and/or peculiar to, the type(s) for which approval is sought;
(vi.) details of the systems and procedures for the control of matters, including quality control, directly affecting
continuing airworthiness. Guidance on systems and procedures which need to be considered is provided
in Chapter of this manual;
(vii.) details of training programs appropriate to the approval, together with details of the training facilities
which will be used; and
(viii.) liaison and/or contractual arrangements with other organizations which provide services associated with
the approval.
The End of
Presentation
Thank you
for your
attention!

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Chapter 3:

Organizing Aircraft Maintenance

Prepared by : Nur Rachmat, Dipl. Ing., M.Sc.

This chapter deals with the most important aspects in

 Quality assurance 8.4, 11.3,

17A, 120-42A requirements

1. An organization that is capable of doing the required work

 The organizational structure must allow the company to meet

There are 3 basic concepts for mid-sized Span of control

1. Concept of Span of control

2. Grouping of similar functions Grouping of similar

 All technical services (Engineering, Production planning and control,

Engineering Hangar Engine Purchasing Quality Assurance

Figure 3-1 Typical maintenance and engineering organization,

Figure 3-0 Typical airline organization,

Figure 3-1 is the

Figure 3.2 Directorate of Technical Services Organization Structure

Hangar Line Maintenance

A/C Maintenance Ramp & Terminal

Hangar Line Maintenance

A/C Maintenance Ramp & Terminal

Hangar Line Maintenance

A/C Maintenance Ramp & Terminal

Hangar Line Maintenance

A/C Maintenance Ramp & Terminal

1. Engine shops 2. Avionics (Electrical and 3. Mechanical component 4. Structures

Inventory Stores Purchasing Shipping &

Inventory Stores Purchasing Shipping &

1. Inventory control 3. Purchasing

Inventory Stores Purchasing Shipping &

Inventory Stores Purchasing Shipping &

Inventory Stores Purchasing Shipping &

Inventory Stores Purchasing Shipping &

Quality Assurance Quality Control Reliability Maintenance Safety

Quality Audits A/C Inspection Data Collection Safety Program

Technical Records Shop Inspection Preliminary investigation Health Matters

Standards Materiel Inspection Issue alert notices Safety Equipment

Figure 3.6 Directorate of Maintenance Program Evaluation

Quality Quality Maintenance

Quality Audits A/C Inspection Data Collection Health Matters

Technical Records Shop Inspection Preliminary investigation Safety

Quality Assurance Quality Control Reliability Maintenance Safety

Quality Audits A/C Inspection Data Collection Safety Program

Technical Records Shop Inspection Preliminary investigation Health Matters

Standards Materiel Inspection Issue alert notices Safety Equipment

Quality Assurance Quality Control Reliability Maintenance Safety

Quality Audits A/C Inspection Data Collection Safety Program

Technical Records Shop Inspection Preliminary investigation Health Matters

Standards Materiel Inspection Issue alert notices Safety Equipment

Quality Assurance Quality Control Reliability Maintenance Safety

Quality Audits A/C Inspection Data Collection Safety Program

Technical Records Shop Inspection Preliminary investigation Health Matters

Standards Materiel Inspection Issue alert notices Safety Equipment

Quality Assurance Quality Control Reliability Maintenance Safety

Quality Audits A/C Inspection Data Collection Safety Program

Technical Records Shop Inspection Preliminary investigation Health Matters

Standards Materiel Inspection Issue alert notices Safety Equipment

Annex 6, Part I, 8.1.2 contains a reference to approved organizations. However,